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💬🌳🏛🖼️📜 Quotes, nature, architecture, art and history about our homeland, Europe.
18th century wooden church surrounded by pine trees,
📸 Kućani village, Serbia
Roman egg found in Aylesbury still has contents after 1,700 years
The find was made by Oxford Archaeology which has been working on the Berryfields housing and community development site near Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire for nine years. Here they found “a middle Iron Age settlement and the agricultural hinterland of the putative nucleated Roman settlement of Fleet Marston”
Among the organic items found were four eggs, thought to be chicken eggs. They were all found intact but as they were being moved, three of them broke, as they were so fragile. The broken eggs emitted a very powerful and unpleasant smell, this was not a surprise as they were centuries old, after all.
One of the eggs was extracted intact from the muddy ground, after some painstaking work. This was astonishing as only fragments of eggshells had been found, previously in Britain, mainly from Roman-era graves.
"King Otto’s farewell to the Munich court", 1832 - Philipp von Foltz
On 6 Dec of 1832, the young king Otto I of Greece (between his parents Queen Therese and King Ludwig I of Bavaria) departs to assume the Greek throne (on the right the Greek delegation).
"The dance of the maenads", roman copies of greek originals (ca. 420 a.C.).
Around 410 B.C. In Athens, which was then celebrating Dionysus with the tragedies of Sophocles and Euripides, a large monument decorated with reliefs of bacchantes had to be built. It was undoubtedly intended to honor the memory of some winner in dramatic contests, and its motifs had lasting success, being imitated on multiple occasions. From four of these maenad reliefs, attributed to Callimachus.
The maenads were legendary nurses of Dionysus, who protected him in his childhood and became his first followers. However, the Dionysian cult involved the conversion into maenads or bacchantes of those women who, seized by Bacchic ecstasy, danced until exhaustion at the god's festivals, waved their thyrsus, wore the nebris or fawn skin and destroyed animals, feeding on its raw meat.
📸 Prado Museum, Madrid
"Parade of the arts", by Enrique Simonet
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The bronze tomb of Bishop Huyshe Wolcott Yeatman-Biggs who died in 1922 was the only thing within the cathedral to survive the blitz although one of the bishop's hands which holds a small model of the cathedral, was severed.
📸 Coventry’s Medieval Cathedral, Canterbury, England.
"Roman Warrior" — Jacques Louis David, 1824.
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"The law of honor: Go along only on the paths of honor. Fight, and never be a coward. Leave the path of infamy to others. Better to fall in an honorable fight than win by infamy."
— Corneliu Zelea Codreanu
January 16, 1939
The day after Nationalist troops entered the city, an elderly woman from Tarragona raises her arm in the Roman salute as she greets the soldiers, in a scene from the final months of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939).
"Das ander Buch", by Sebastian Munster, 1570.
Europe as a Queen.
Custodia Clock with Oil Lamp by Hans de Evalo (1583)
The Flemish clockmaker Hans de Evalo, in the service of King Philip II of Spain, created this remarkable mantel clock in 1583. Made of gilded bronze, it is considered one of the earliest night clocks in Europe. Its design is inspired by a religious monstrance (custodia) and is supported by a female figure.
The figure holds a square case with a hinged lion’s head on the front. When lifted, it allowed a small oil lamp to illuminate the dial, making it possible to tell the time in the absence of daylight—ideal for Philip II, who was known to work late into the night.
Evalo worked in Madrid from at least 1575, was officially appointed royal clockmaker in 1580, and remained in the post until his death in 1598. The clock is signed inside the dial: “Hans de Evalo, F. In Madrid 1583.”
After leaving the royal collection, the clock resurfaced in 1907 and was eventually returned to the Royal Monastery of El Escorial during the reign of Alfonso XIII.
"Joseph and Potiphar's Wife" — Painted by Guercino, 1649.
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A portrait of a girl wearing traditional folk clothing from Ansó, Aragón, Spain.
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Silver spoon and fork
Roman. Ca. 3rd century CE
📸 Metropolitan Museum
"Without internal war, there is no transformation. Without process, there is no change"
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The Scythian Cup is a world-famous gold piece found in the Kul-Oba mound (near Kerch, Crimea, Ukraine) with images of the Scythians (Northern Black Sea region, second half of the fourth century BC).
It was discovered in a woman's grave and is rightfully considered an exceptional find of ancient jewelery art. The relief frieze depicts three paired scenes and the figure of a Scythian warrior pulling a bow. This find was a real discovery: the paintings on the vessel gave us for the first time an idea of what the Scythians looked like.
The goldsmith, probably a Greek, conveyed with impressive ethnographic accuracy the features of the appearance, clothing and armor of the Scythians. Such a realistic reproduction of details leaves no doubt that the artist knew well the life of the local "barbarian" population. The master managed to recreate the original image of the brave lords of the steppes. According to one of the versions, the scenes presented in the cup can serve as an example of Herodotus's story about the origin of the Scythians.
📸 The Hermitage Museum
Vae victis (“woe to the conquered”) is a Latin phrase expressing that the defeated are at the mercy of the victor.
According to Roman tradition, in 390 BC the Gauls, led by Brennus, captured Rome except for the Capitoline Hill. The Romans agreed to pay 1,000 pounds of gold to lift the siege. When the gold was weighed, the Romans protested that the Gauls were using unfair weights. Brennus responded by throwing his sword onto the scale and declaring, “Vae victis,” forcing them to add more gold.
Some ancient sources later claimed that Camillus arrived in time to defeat the Gauls and prevent the ransom from being paid, though other accounts contradict this version of events.
Crown Prince Wilhelm and Princess Victoria Louise, both children of Kaiser Wilhelm II, posing in hussar uniforms. 1910s
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Children sailing their boats in a park's pond in Paris, 1900
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The grave of the Bad Dürrenberg shaman is one of the oldest burials in central Germany (7,000 to 6,800 BC. c.)
An infant was buried with her. The analysis of the woman's skeleton revealed that her two uppermost cervical vertebrae were malformed and theat blood vessels in the lower skull area could have been spatially restricted. This malformation may have made her a special person. Anthropologists suspect that by holding her head in a certain position, she was able to clamp off a blood vessel. This possibly led to an involuntary eye movement, a so-called nystagmus. The overabundant inventory of grave goods alone testifies to a special social role of the deceased. Certain grave goods also played an important role in interpreting this burial as a shaman’s grave.
Researchers believes that the Bad Dürrenberg burial is proof that human spirituality became more specialized at this time, too, with specific people in the community delegated to interact with the spirit world, often with the help of trances or psychoactive substances. Combined with the earlier analysis of the woman’s grave, the team’s new finds and meticulous look at her bones painted a more complete picture of the shaman. They conjectured that, from an early age, she had been singled out as different from other members of her community. Even in death, her unusually rich grave marked her as exceptional. Earlier scholars, including Grünberg, had speculated that she was a shaman who served as an intermediary between her community and the spirit world
A group of NSDAP officials guided by Wuester, at the exhibition "The Eternal Jew", Munich, 1937.
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🇳🇴 The halling dance originated in medieval Norway and began as a form of showcasing physical skills, such as strength and agility. Initially, it was a dance of competition and courtship, with fast movements, spins, and jumps.
Over time, it became an important part of Norwegian folk culture, especially in the Hallingdal region, and continues to be performed at festivals and celebrations, symbolizing the country's cultural heritage.
“As the Normans once said: I believe in this now, but my grandfather was not wrong.”
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Golden bust of Emperor Marcus Aurelius from Avenches, western Switzerland. (161–180 AD)
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"Only those born of an Athenian father and an Athenian mother shall be considered Athenians."
Pericles' Citizenship Law, 451 BC
Castel del Monte, Apulia. Italy. 13th-century
Castel del Monte, located in the municipality of Andria, rises on a rocky hill dominating the surrounding countryside of the Murgia region in southern Italy near the Adriatic Sea. A unique piece of medieval architecture, it was completed in 1240.
The castle’s location, its perfect octagonal shape, as well as the mathematical and astronomical precision of its layout all reflect the broad education and cultural vision of its founder, Emperor Frederick II.