94965
Correct Answer - C
Ans. is'c'i.e., Constrictor pupillae [Ref: Gray's 39h/e p. 7101
Intraocular muscles (intraocular muscles)
→ Intraocular muscles are -
A) Muscles of iris
→ There are two types of muscles in iris that control the size of pupil:
1. The iris sphinctor or constrictor pupillae (circular muscles):-
These muscles are innervated by the postganglionic
parasympathetic fibres from Edinger westphal nucleus via 3'd
nerve and ciliary ganglion. These muscles cause constriction of
pupil (Miosis).
2. The iris dilator or dilator pupillae (radial muscles) → These
muscles are innervated by sympathetic system
via postganglionic sympathetic fibres for the dilator pupillae from
neurons in the superior cervical ganglion. These muscles cause
pupillary dilatation (mydriasis).
B) Ciliary muscles;--> these are innervated by the postganglionic
parasympathetic fibers from EWN via 3rd nerve and ciliary ganglion. These muscles help in
accommodation.
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Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pretracheal lymph nodes
Supraglottic part (Above vocal cord)
Lymphatics along the superior laryngeal vein and nodes adjacent to the thyrohyoid membrane
Infraglottic part (Below vocal cord)
Pretracheal and prelaryngeal nodes
Vocal cords
Devoid of lymphatic supply
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Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cricothyroid
All intrinsic muscles are supplied by the reccurrent laryngeal nerve
except cricothyroid which is supplied by the external laryngeal nerve
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Correct Answer - B
Ans: B. Superior mesenteric artery
The superior mesenteric artery passes anterior to the uncinate
process Posteriorly, the uncinate process is related to aorta.
Ref: BDC , 7th edition, vol 2, page- 328.
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Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Septum primum + Septum secundum [Ref
Essentials of human embryology — 213-215]
After birth, the foramen ovale closes by fusion of septum primum with septum secundum.
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Correct Answer - A
Obliteration of the umbilical vein
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Correct Answer - C
The ovarian artery arises from the abdominal part of the aorta at the
level of the first lumbar vertebra. The artery is long and slender and
passes downward and laterally behind the peritoneum. It crosses the external iliac artery at the pelvic inlet and enters the suspensory
ligament of the ovary.
It then passes into the broad ligament and enters the ovary by way of the mesovarium.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - B
Ans: B. IVC
Highly oxygenated blood from the placenta is carried to the
fetus by the umbilical vein, which is shunted to the inferior vena
cava.
Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 20th Edition (Page no 2161)
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - A
Ans. is
'a
'
i.e.,Phrenic nerve [Ref BDC 6
th/e Vol I p. 192, fig. 12.12]
Nerve supply
Motor :- Phrenic nerve (C3C4C5).
Sensory :- i) centrally by phrenic nerve.
Peripherally by lower 6 intercostal nerves.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - D
A. i.e. Medial circumflex artery; B. i.e. Lateral circumflex artery; C.
i.e. Profunda femoris artery
Proximal femur (head & neck) is supplied by artery of ligamentum
teres (branch of obturator artery), medial (main) & lateral circumflex
femoral artery (both arise from profunda femoris artery, give rise to
ascending cervical (+ metaphyseal) and retinacular (+
epiphyseal:lateral & inferior) arteries and form extracapsular &
intracapsular subsynovial arterial rings
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - D
Interconnection between greater sac and lesser sac of peritoneum is known as Foramen of
Winslow. It has the following boundaries:
Superior boundary: Caudate lobe of liver
Anterior boundary: free edge of lesseromentum containing bile duct,hepatic artery,portal vein(DAV structure)
Inferior boundary: 1st part of duodenum
Posterior boundary: inferior venacava , abdominal aorta
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Correct Answer - A
Answer- A. Mesonephros
The ureteric bud, also known as the metanephrogenic
diverticulum, is a protrusion from the mesonephric duct during the
development of the urinary and reproductive organs.
It later develops into a conduit (channel) for urine drainage from the
kidneys, which, in contrast, originate from the metanephric
blastema.
The metanephrogenic blastema or metanephric blastema (or
metanephric mesenchyme, or metanephric mesoderm) is one of the
two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney, the other
being the ureteric bud.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - A
Ans. A. Greater omentum
The portion of the dorsal mesentery that attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach, is known as the dorsal mesogastrium. The
part of the dorsal mesentery that suspends the colon is termed the
mesocolon. The dorsal mesogastrium develops into the greater omentum.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Nasal bone
The medial wall, or nasal septum, is formed (from anteiror to
posterior) by :
(1) the septal cartilage (destroyed in a dried skull)
(2) the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and
(3) the vomer . It is usually deviated to one side.
The vomer contributes to the inferior portion of the nasal septum;
the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone contributes to the
superior portion.
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Correct Answer - D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Genital swelling [Ref: Inderbir Singh Human
Embryology Sth/e p. 256]
Embryogical
structure
Fate in
female
Fate in male
Genital swelling
Labia majora
Scrotum
Genital fold
Labia minora Ventral aspect of
penis, penile
urethra
Genital tubercle Clitoris
Glans penis
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Correct Answer - B
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Medulla [Ref Quantitative Human physiology : An introduction p. 327]
It has not been mentioned in any textbook.
But according to the above mentioned reference nucleus
fasciculatus is the other name of nucleus cuneatus.
"The sensory fibers of dorsal column travel in tracts, fasciculus
gracilis and fasciculus Cuneatus in the Cord and these fibers make
synapses with second order neurons in the nucleus gracilis and the nucleus fasciculatus". — Quantitative Human physiology.
Nucleus gracilis and nucleus fasciculus are found in the medulla.
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Correct Answer - B
Ans. is 'B' i.e., Aponeurosis of three muscles including External
Oblique, Internal Oblique, and Transversus Abdominis
The anterior wall just above the symphysis pubis (area below the
arcuate line) → is formed by aponeurosis of all three muscles
(external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis).
Three aponeurotic layers forming rectus sheath of both sides
interlace with each other to form a tendinous raphe, Linea alba. It
extends from the xiphoid process to pubic symphysis.
Linea alba is narrow and indistinct below the umbilicus, as two recti
lie in close contact. Linea alba broadens out above the level of the umbilicus.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - A
A. i.e. Ischiocavernosus
Ten muscles of the perineum converge and interlace in the perineal
body -
a) Two unpaired : (i) External anal sphincter, (ii) Fibres of
longitudinal muscle coat of anal canal
B) four paired: (I)Bulbospongiosm (ii) superficial transverse perinea(iii) deep transverse perinea (iv) levator Ani muscle
In female sphincter urethrovaginalis also attached here.
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Correct Answer - D
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of superior mesenteric artery. It supplies the
pancreas and adjoining part of the duodenum. Its anterior and posterior branches
anastomose with the branches of superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. This anastomosis is
the only communication between the arteries of foregut and midgut.
Branches of superior mesenteric artery are:
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Jejunal and ileal branches
Ileocolic artery
Right colic artery
Middle colic artery
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Correct Answer - A
Diaphragmatic hernias are of various types. The most common is a posterolateral
(Bochdalek) hernia, which occurs as a result of a defect in the posterior diaphragm in the
region of the tenth or eleventh ribs.
@anatomyvideoss
Correct Answer - A
Brachioradialis
Boundaries of cubital fossa-
Laterally - Medial border of brachioradialis.
Medially - Lateral border of pronator teres.
Base - It is directed upwards, and is represented by an imaginary
line joining the front of two epicondyles of the humerus.
Apex - It is directed downwards, and is formed by the area where
brachioradialis crosses the pronator teres muscle.
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Correct Answer - B
Ans: B. Interossei and lumbricals
Hyperextension of metacarpophalangeal joint and flexion of the
interphalangeal joint is due to palsy of lumbricals and interossei
muscles.
The action of Lumbricals: Flexion of MCP, Extension of IP joint
The action of Palmar interossei: Adduction of fingers
The action of Dorsal interossei: Abduction of fingers
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