What is Gloger’s rule explanation?
Colour variation associated with Gloger’s rule is mainly due to differences in melanin pigmentation.
Melanins, the most common pigment in birds and mammals, come in two main types:
🔘 eumelanins, responsible for black and various shades of grey,
and
🟤 pheo-melanins, yielding brown, buff and rufous colours.
Mixtures of both produce intermediate shades.
Climatic variables correlate in different ways with the deposition of both melanin types. In dry and warm areas only deposition of eumelanins is reduced, while in very cold areas both types of melanins are diminished but the effect on pheomelanin is more marked. This results in pale coloration at higher latitudes where temperatures are low, darker and more intense colours in humid and warm places and pale reddish coloration in warm areas with low rainfall.
Camouflage, photoprotection, protection against parasites and pleiotropic effects have been suggested as four main causes of the rule.
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⁉️ What are the only two mammals that lay eggs?
✅ Only two kinds of egg-laying mammals are left on the planet today—the duck-billed platypus and the echidna, or spiny anteater. These odd “monotremes” once dominated Australia, until their pouch-bearing cousins, the marsupials, invaded the land down under 71 million to 54 million years ago and swept them away.
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⁉️ Why is the wedding ring worn on the ring finger?
✅ According to a tradition believed to have been derived from the Romans, the wedding ring is worn on the left hand ring finger because there was thought to be a vein in the finger, referred to as the 'Vena Amoris' or the 'Vein of Love' said to be directly connected to the heart.
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⁉️ How long can a Nile crocodile hold its breath?
✅ They normally dive for only a few minutes, but will stay underwater for up to 30 minutes if threatened, and if they remain inactive they can hold their breath for up to two hours.
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⁉️ Why are the nuclei of some atoms unstable?
✅ In some atoms the binding energy is not strong enough to hold the nucleus together, and the nuclei of these atoms are said to be unstable. Unstable atoms will lose neutrons and protons as they attempt to become stable
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⁉️ Are doves and pigeons the same thing?
✅ Pigeons and doves constitute the bird family Columbidae, which includes about 310 species.
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks, and short slender bills (and in some species, these bills feature fleshy ceres). They primarily feed on seeds, fruits, and plants. This family occurs worldwide, but the greatest variety is in the Indomalaya and Australasia ecozones.
In general, the terms "dove" and "pigeon" are used somewhat interchangeably. Pigeon is a French word that derives from the Latin pipio, for a "peeping" chick, while dove is a Germanic word that refers to the bird's diving flight.
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⁉️ Are sea cucumbers animals or plants?
✅ Sea cucumbers are part of a larger animal group called Echinodermata, which also contains starfish and sea urchins. Their body shape is similar to a cucumber, but they have small tentacle-like tube feet that are used for locomotion and feeding.
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⁉️ Which river rises in the Black Forest and flows into the Black Sea?
✅ The river rises in the Black Forest Mountains of Germany and flows eastward into the Black Sea. The Danube River is an important international waterway, flowing through or forming a part of the borders of ten countries and through major cities such as Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest, and Belgrade.
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⁉️ Do sharks have tongues?
✅ Sharks have a tongue referred to as a "basihyal". The basihyal is a small, thick piece of cartilage located on the floor of the mouth of sharks and other fishes. It appears to be useless for most sharks with the exception of the cookiecutter shark.
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⁉️ How fast is terminal velocity of a bullet?
✅ Hatcher calculated that his .30-caliber rifle bullets reached terminal velocity—the speed at which air resistance balances the accelerating force of gravity—at 300 feet per second. You might die from a bullet moving at that speed, but it's unlikely.
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⁉️ How do snakes hear if they dont have ears?
✅ When people and most animals hear, sound waves strike the eardrum and go to the inner ear, which is sensitive to the sound waves or vibrations. Snakes do not have eardrums, but their skins, muscles, and bones carry the sound waves to the inner ears.
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⁉️ Is Greenland larger than Australia?
✅ The Mercator projection portrays Greenland as larger than Australia; in actuality, Australia is more than three and a half times larger than Greenland. As on all map projections, shapes or sizes are distortions of the true layout of the Earth's surface. The Mercator projection exaggerates areas far from the equator.
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⁉️ What does CT stand for in medical terms?
✅ CT, or CAT as they're pronounced, stands for "computerized axial tomography." In a CT scan, the patient lies on a table that slides into a scanning machine. Inside, an x-ray beam rotates around the body while detectors measure how much of the x-rays pass through the tissues and organs, indicating density.
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⁉️ How much does the temperature change with altitude?
✅ Although the actual atmospheric lapse rate varies, under normal atmospheric conditions the average atmospheric lapse rate results in a temperature decrease of 6.4C°/km (3.5F°/1,000 ft) of altitude above ground level. The measurable lapse rate is affected by the moisture content of the air (humidity).
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⁉️ How many teeth does an elephant have?
✅ Elephants usually have 26 teeth: the incisors, known as the tusks, 12 deciduous premolars, and 12 molars. Unlike most mammals, which grow baby teeth and then replace them with a single permanent set of adult teeth, elephants are polyphyodonts that have cycles of tooth rotation throughout their lives.
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⁉️ What is the instrument used to measure earthquakes?
✅ Seismometers are instruments that measure motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and other seismic sources. Records of seismic waves allow seismologists to map the interior of the Earth, and locate and measure the size of these different sources.
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⁉️ When do ears and nose stop growing?
✅ Bones, stop growing after puberty and muscle and fat cells also stop dividing. But cartilage - that's the plastic-like stuff in ears and noses - cartilage continues to grow until the day you die. Not only does cartilage grow, but the earlobes elongate from gravity. And that makes ears look even larger.
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⁉️ Are clouds made up of liquid or gas?
✅ Clouds, snow, and rain are all made of up of some form of water. A cloud is comprised of tiny water droplets and/or ice crystals, a snowflake is an aggregate of many ice crystals, and rain is just liquid water. Water existing as a gas is called water vapor.
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⁉️ What animal represents Scotland?
✅ The unicorn is the national animal of Scotland. The Royal Coat of Arms of Scotland, used prior to 1603 by the Kings of Scotland was supported by two unicorns and the current royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom is supported by a unicorn for Scotland along with a lion for England.
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