179592
UPSC Notes
Recognising MSMEs as a vital engine of growth, FM Smt. nsitharaman proposed a three pronged approach to help them grow as ‘Champions’:
👉Equity support
👉Liquidity support
👉Professional support
*🛡️Dibru-Saikhowa National Park*
♟️DSNP is a national park in Assam located in Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts.
♟️It was designated a Biosphere Reserve in July 1997 with an area of 765 sq. km.
♟️The park is bounded by the Brahmaputra and Lohit Rivers in the north and the Dibru river in the south.
♟️It mainly consists of moist mixed semi-evergreen forests, moist mixed deciduous forests, canebrakes, and grasslands.
♟️It is the largest Salix swamp forest in north-eastern India, with a tropical monsoon climate with a hot and wet summer and cool and usually dry winter.
✅ India’s Nuclear Energy Vision
🇮🇳 Target: 100 GW Installed Nuclear Capacity by 2047.
⚡ Current Installed Capacity: ~8.8 GW
📈 Growth: ~71% increase since 2014
🔹 Part of India’s long-term clean energy & energy security strategy
🔹 Supports Net-Zero by 2070 commitment.
🇮🇳 India’s First Sovereign Artificial Intelligence Park
🔹 State: Tamil Nadu
🔹 MoU Signed: January 2026
🔹 Partner: Sarvam AI
🔹 Location: Chennai
🔹 Investment: ₹10,000 crore
✅ Key Feature: India’s first Sovereign AI Park Conceptualised as a “Full-Stack AI District”
Economics Survey 2025-26
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*🛡️Mineral and Energy Resources – Key Points*
*♟️Mineral resources*- Metallic & Non-metallic
*♟️Metallic*- Ferrous (iron ore) & Non-ferrous (copper)
*♟️Non-metallic*- Organic (coal, petroleum) & Inorganic (mica, limestone)
*♟️Exploration by*- GSI, IBM, & State Departments
*💎Mineral Belts in India*
*♟️1. North-Eastern*- iron ore, coal, bauxite
*♟️2. South-Western*- ferrous metals, bauxite
*♟️3. North-Western*- copper, building stones
*♟️Odisha*- largest iron ore & bauxite producer
*♟️Madhya Pradesh & Odisha*- major manganese producers
*♟️Andhra Pradesh*- largest mica producer
*♟️Jharkhand*- highest coal reserves
*♟️Chhattisgarh*- top coal producer
*♟️Rajasthan*- top petroleum producer
*♟️Uranium & Thorium*- vital for nuclear energy
*♟️Renewables*- solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas
दोनों भाषाओं में UPPSC HEO 2026 (Health Education Officer) Complete GS Study Material & Recorded Classes Batch PDF download allowed, Validity : Till Exam
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*Supporting Balanced Fertilization:*
*Nutrient-Based Subsidy Rates for Rabi 2025–26*
_Ensuring affordability and productivity in Indian agriculture_
Key Highlights
🌾 The Government *approved the Nutrient-Based Subsidy (NBS) rates for Rabi 2025–26* , effective from 1 October 2025 to 31 March 2026, covering Phosphatic and Potassic (P&K) fertilizers, including DAP and NPKS grades.
💰 The *tentative budgetary requirement for Rabi 2025–26* is approximately *₹37,952 crore ,about ₹736 crore higher* than the budgetary requirement for the Kharif 2025 season.
📊 Over *₹2.04 lakh crore allocated* between 2022–23 and 2024–25 towards *NBS subsidies* , ensuring affordable access to fertilizers.
🏭 NBS has driven *significant growth in domestic fertilizer production* , with P&K fertilizers (DAP and NPKS) output *increasing from 112.19 LMT in 2014 to 168.55 LMT in 2025* (as on 30.12.2025), reflecting over *50% growth* during the period.
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*🛡️Pacific Ocean*
*💎Warm Currents:-*
♟️1. Kuroshio Current (Japan Current)
♟️2. North Equatorial Current
♟️3. South Equatorial Current
♟️4. East Australian Current
♟️5. Equatorial Counter Current
♟️6. Alaskan Current
*💎Cold Currents:-*
♟️1. Oyashio Current
♟️2. California Current
♟️3. Peru Current (Humboldt Current)
♟️4. West Wind Drift (part of Antarctic Circumpolar Current).
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The Union Finance Minister proposed an outlay of ₹20,000 crore over the next 5 years in Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) technologies to scale up and achieve higher readiness levels in end-use applications across.
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UP BEO 2026 Vacancy ( खंड शिक्षा अधिकारी ) Full Preparation course
( सिर्फ ये पढके , Practise करके Cutoff आराम से CLEAR हो सकता है )
Full details👇( Plz watch video and read description before joining ) 👇 https://youtu.be/Qp9QvFEsPp0
1. High Yield Selection Material ✅️
2. Daily Practise ( Most expected questions) ✅️
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✔️2 New Ramsar sites Unlocked.
🔹1. Patna bird sanctuary - Etah, UP (NOT Bihar)
🔹2. Chhari-Dhand , Kutch, Gujarat.
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*📊 *Economic Survey 2025-26*
India transitions towards a high-growth and resilient economy*
*Key Takeaways*
📈 *Real GDP growth for FY27 projected in the range of 6.8-7.2%*
❄️ *Inflation* fell to historic lows, averaging *1.7% in Apr-Dec 2025*
🏭 *All major sectors contributed to growth* , with manufacturing gaining momentum, and services leading expansion
🌍 *Record exports of USD 825.3 billion in FY25* , registering a 6.1% year-on-year growth
💰*Fiscal position strengthened* , with improved revenue buoyancy and rising capital expenditure
📊Monetary conditions supportive; *Repo rate at 5.25% in December 2025*
*🛡️Dead Sea*
♟️The Dead Sea, also known as the Salt Sea, is a saline lake in southwestern Asialocated between Jordan and Israel.
♟️It lies to the east of the Mediterranean Sea and south of the Sea of Galilee.
♟️It lies in the Jordan Rift Valley, and its main tributary is the Jordan River.
♟️It is deepest Hypersaline Lake in the world.
♟️To the west of the Dead Sea, the Judaean Mountains rise less steeply and are much lower than the mountains to the East.
♟️It is located at an elevation of 5 meters below sea level, making it the Earth’s lowest land-based feature.
♟️ *Salinity* The Dead Sea is one of the Earth’s saltiest water bodies, almost ten times saltier than ordinary seawaters. It has a salinity of 34.2%.
♟️It is the fourth saltiest body of water in the world, ranking behind Antarctica’s Don Juan Pond and Lake Vanda, and Djibouti’s Lake Assal.
♟️The Dead Sea has one main inlet (the Jordan River) but does not have an outlet and so loses its water mainly through evaporation.
♟️The high saline level and the harsh climate make the lake devoid of life, except for algae and other microorganisms.
♟️It has a density of 1.240 kg/L, which makes swimming in its waters similar to floating.
UPPSC Exam Calendar 2026
UPPSC Mains 2025 29 March
UPPSC Prelims 2026 6th December
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Economics Survey 2025-26
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*🛡️Major Wildlife Institutes*
♟️Indian Zoological Survey Centre – Kolkata
♟️Centre for Ecological Sciences – Bengaluru
♟️Indian Institute of Forest Management – Bhopal
♟️Govind Ballabh Pant Institute – Almora (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Forest College – Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Forest Survey Centre – Dehradun (Uttarakhand)
♟️Indian Institute of Ecology and Environment – New Delhi
♟️Indian Forest Ranger College – Dehradun
♟️Indian Wildlife Research Institute – Dehradun
♟️Indian Zoological Survey Centre Kolkata
♟️Indian Wildlife Research Institute – Dehradun
♟️Indian Botanical Garden – Kolkata
♟️Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History (SACON) – Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu)
♟️National Environmental Research Institute – Nagpur
♟️Rainforest Research Institute – Jorhat
♟️Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Institute - Coimbatore
♟️Forest Productivity Centre – Ranchi
♟️Central Avian Research Institute - Izzatnagar, Bareilly.
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