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This page will share GK & Current Affairs Updates Daily. UPSC | KPSC | IAS | IPS | NTPC | SSC | IBPS
🟢 Recent Awards Recognizing Excellence in Various Fields
💌 UNESCO Michel Batisse award 2023 – Jagdish S Bakan
💌 Suriname highest civilian award Grand Order of the Chain of the Yellow Star – Droupadi Murmu
Greentech Safety Award 2023 – Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL)
💌 57th Jnanpith Award – Damodar Maujo
💌 Honoris Causa at Apex University’s Jaipur – Sonu Sood
💌 National Water Award 2022 – Chandigarh
💌 Goan writer Damodar Mauzo gets 57th Jnanpith Award
💌 Bulgarian writer Georgi Gospodinov wins International Booker Prize for ‘Time Shelter
💌 South Asian Film Festival of Montreal honors ‘Gauri’ with ‘Best Long Documentary Award’
💌 Michael Douglas to Receive Honorary Palme d’Or at Cannes
💌 Russian poet Maria Stepanova wins Leipzig Book Prize 2023
💌 Gaja Capital Business Book Prize 2022 – Harish Damodaran
💌 Most distinguished scientist of the year 2022 – R Vishnu Prassad
💌 Golden Kailasha award at 8th Ajanta-Ellora FF – Naanera (Rajasthani film)
💌 Oranweshananthinte Katha’.
71st annual Miss Universe pageant – R’Bonney Gabriel (USA)
💌 Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Award – Thiru Kumar Nadesan
💌 Mathrubhumi Book of The Year’ award 2023 – Peggy Mohan
💌 Lifetime Achievement Honour in UK – Former Indian PM Manmohan Singh
💌 FIH President’s Award 2023 – V Karthikeyan Pandian (Odisha)
💌 First Asian to bag Oscar nomination for Best Actress – Michelle Yeoh (Film – Everything Everywhere All at Once)
💌 Subhash Chandra Bose Disaster Management Award 2023 – Odisha State Disaster
💌 Management Authority (OSDMA) & Lunglei Fire Station (LFS)
💌 Pt Hariprasad Chaurasia Lifetime Achievement Award – Dr. Prabha Atre
🟢 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN NEWS
🔶Microsoft introduces "Bing Image Creator" powered by OpenAl's DALL-E.
🔷Microsoft launches "JUGALBANDI" multilingual Al-chat bot for rural India.
🔶Microsoft has launched the Al Powered Digital Assistant "Copilot"
🔷India's First Al Chatbot powered by ChatGPT is "Lexi".
🔶Open Al launched "GPT-4" with higher accuracy.
🔷Google introduced Al chatbot "Bard"
🔶Artpark-IISc Join Hands with Google to Launch Al-Powered Project "Vaani".
🔷Infosys launches "Topaz" an Al-First set of services, solutions, and platforms
🔶Russia's Sberbank has launched its own Al chatbot named "GigaChat" to compete with OpenAl's ChatGPT
🔷Adobe has launched the generative "Sensei GenAI".
❇️13 JUNE
📪 International Albinism Awareness Day (IAAD)
अंतर्राष्ट्रीय ऐल्बिनिज़म जागरूकता दिवस (आईएएडी)
📪Theme 2023 : "Inclusion Is Strength"
📪Albinism is a genetic condition that causes very little or no pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes.
📪On May 4, 2006, TAS (Tanzania Albinism Society) celebrated the first Albino Day
📪From 2009 onward the day became National Albino Day and was eventually called National Albinism Day.
🎀On December 18, 2014, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution to observe June 13 as International Albinism Awareness Day with effect from 2015.
🟢 COLOUR AND ITS PIGMENT
🟢 BODY PARTS AND DISEASE
🏢UN General Assembly (UNGA)
🍁 Established : 1945
🍁 Headquarters: New York, US
🍁 President: H.E. Csaba Kőrösi(77th)
ZAWAR
✅The world’s oldest known zinc-smelting site – of archaeological and metallurgic importance.
✅The landscape around Zawar bears numerous traces of zinc mining and smelting operations in ancient times, including open stopes, trenches, chambers, galleries, shafts, and open-pit mines.
✅Before the advent of high-pressure technology, extracting zinc was a considerable challenge. Zinc has low boiling and melting points, so heating it forms a vapour, which readily oxidises in contact with the atmosphere. However, the people of Zawar extracted zinc using a distillation process that required the use of a retort and an external condenser.
Tricks To Remember:
1) States in India sharing boundary with Myanmar
Trick: " ARUNA MAMI "
ARU – Arunachal Pradesh
NA – Nagaland
MA – Manipur
MI – Mizoram..
2) States in India sharing boundary with Bhutan
Trick: " SAAB "
S – Sikkim
A – Arunachal Pradesh
A – Assam
B – Bengal..
🚂 What is #Kavach ?
It is an Indian technology that can prevent two trains from colliding.
🚂 How does Kavach work ?
It works by using sensors and advanced communication systems to monitor the movement of trains & detect potential collision risks.
(Source: The Indian Express)
🔘Kathakali Dance
In News
KK Gopalakrishnan has recently released a captivating book titled “Kathakali Dance Theatre: A Visual Narrative of Sacred Indian Mime.”
About
◾️Kathakali emerged in the 17th century in the kingdom of Travancore.
◾️Kathakali is based on Natya Shastra, the ancient treatise on dance, written by Sage Bharata.
◾️It relies on Hasthalakshana Deepika, another classical text for its hand gestures.
◾️Renowned Poet Vallaththol Narayana Menon and Manakkulam Mukunda Raja took the initiative to set up Kerala Kalamandalam, a centre of excellence for classical art forms for the revival of kathakali.
◾️Kathakali combines elements of dance, music, mime, and drama.
◾️The movements are highly stylized and include intricate footwork, rhythmic swaying, and various hand gestures called mudras.
◾️The text of Kathakali songs is known as Attakkatha.
◾️Chenda, Maddalam, Chengila and Elaththalam are the major instruments used with Kathakali music.
🔆Gulf of Mannar
✅The Gulf of Mannar became the first Marine Biosphere Reserve in the South East Asia
✅Gulf of Mannar is an inlet of the Indian Ocean, between south-eastern India and western Sri Lanka.
✅It is bounded to the northeast by Rameswaram (island), Adam’s (Rama’s) Bridge (a chain of shoals), and Mannar Island.
✅The gulf receives several rivers, including the Tambraparni (India) and the Aruvi (Sri Lanka).
✅The port of Tuticorin is on the coast.
✅It has been renowned for its highly productive pearl banks and religious significance.
✅The Government of India designated it as the country’s first Marine Biosphere Reserve in 1989.
✅Gulf of Mannar National Park has also been identified as the important Bird Area by BNHS-Birdlife International because of its rich avian fauna.
✅Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve has been identified as an Important Marine Mammals Area of the World by IUCN due to its dugong population and other marine mammals presence.
🔘Spear Phishing
In News
According to a recent report, as many as 53 per cent of organisations studied in India were victims of spear phishing in 2022.
About
◾️Spear Phishing is an email or electronic communications scam targeted towards a specific individual, organization or business.
◾️It is a targeted attempt to steal sensitive information such as account credentials or financial information from a specific victim, often for malicious reasons.
◾️This is achieved by acquiring personal details on the victim such as their friends, hometown, employer, locations they frequent, and what they have recently bought online.
◾️A spear phishing email uses social engineering techniques to urge the victim to click on a malicious link or attachment.
◾️Additionally, the email will blatantly ask the recipient to respond urgently, such as transferring a specific sum of money or sending personal data such as a banking password.
🔆 Resin Identification Coding System
✅Around 70 per cent of global plastic production is concentrated in six major polymer types – referred collectively as commodity plastics.
✅These include
🔸Polyethylene terephthalate or PET,
🔸High-density polyethylene or HDPE,
🔸Polyvinyl chloride or PVC,
🔸Low-density polyethylene or LDPE,
🔸Polypropylene or PP, and
🔸 Polystyrene or PS.
✅Each of these have different
properties and can be identified by their resin identification code (RIC) denoted by symbols found on plastic products.
MAHANADI RIVER:
▪️ Length - 885Km.
▪️ Basin extends over the states of Chattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and MP.
▪️ Source - Dandakaranya ( Amarkantaka ) in Raipur district of Chattisgarh.
▪️ It enters Odisha plains near Cuttack and enters Bay of Bengal at False point.
▪️ Tributaries :-
• Left bank - Seonath, Hasdeo, Mand, Ib.
• Right bank - Ong, tel, Jonk.
▪️ Project on Mahanadi River :-
• Hirakud Project.
• Mahanadi delta Project.
• Hasdeo Bango.
• Mahanadi reservoir Project.
🔘Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
In News
The Supreme Court has issued notices to the Ministry of Environment and Forests and the Assam government in response to a plea seeking the declaration of the area around Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary in Assam as an eco-sensitive zone.
About
◾️Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZs) are designated areas surrounding national parks and wildlife sanctuaries that are deemed ecologically fragile and important for the conservation of wildlife and their habitats.
◾️MoEFCC has mandated the declaration of land within 10 km of the park or sanctuary boundaries as ESZs under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.
◾️However, the application of the 10-km rule can vary, and areas beyond 10 km can also be notified as ESZs if they contain significant ecological corridors.
Categorization of Activities
Prohibited: Commercial mining, sawmills, polluting industries, major hydroelectric projects, and commercial use of wood.
◾️Regulated activities include tree felling, the establishment of hotels and resorts, commercial use of natural water, the erection of electrical cables, and drastic changes in agricultural practices.
◾️Permitted activities in ESZs include ongoing agricultural or horticultural practices, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, the use of renewable energy sources, and the adoption of green technology for all activities
🔘Listeria Contamination
In News
Cadbury recalls chocolates in the UK over listeria contamination fears
About
◾️Listeria infection is a foodborne bacterial illness.
◾️It is typically caused by foods infected with the Listeria monocytogenes bacteria.
◾️The bacteria exist in the environment.
◾️It is found in water, soil and some animals’ intestines.
◾️Listeria bacteria can survive refrigeration and even freezing.
◾️Symptoms:- Fever,Chills,Muscle aches
Namdapha National Park And Tiger Reserve 👆👆
Читать полностью…
🔘Indian Polity & Constitution🔘
➨58th Amendment to the Constitution of India provided for an authoritative text of the Constitution in Hindi language. It gave the same legal sanctity to the Hindi version of the Constitution.
➨According to the 91st Amendment Act of 2003 the provision of the 10th Schedule (anti-defection law) pertaining to exemption from disqualification in case of split by one-third members of legislature party has been deleted. Accordingly the defectors have no more protection on grounds of splits.
➨96th Amendment Act of 2011 substituted “Odia” for “Oriya”. As a result of that, the “Oriya” language in the Eighth Schedule shall be pronounced as “Odia”
➨Parliamentary Forum on Millennium Development Goals was created in year 2013. At present, there are eight Parliamentary forums such as Parliamentary Forum on Water Conservation and Management (2005), Parliamentary Forum on Youth (2006), Parliamentary Forum on Children (2006) etc.
➨According to the Article 124(7) of the Constitution of India, no person who has held office as a judge of the Supreme Court of India shall plead or act in any court or before any authority within the territory of India.
➨Judicial review has been declared by the Supreme Court as one of the elements of the basic structure of the Constitution, therefore, it cannot be curtailed even through a constitutional amendment. Both Supreme Court and High Court have the power of judicial review. And using judicial review, legislative enactments and executive orders of both the Central and State governments can be examined.
➨Article 312 of the Constitution authorises the Parliament to create new All-India Services on the basis of a Rajya Sabha resolution to that effect. The Centre and the states jointly control these services. However the ultimate control lies with the Central government but the immediate control vests with the state governments.
➨According to the Constitution of India a proclamation declaring financial emergency in India must be approved by both the Houses of Parliament within two months from the date of its issue.
➨‘Judicial dynamism’ refers to judicial activism which is the opposite of ‘judicial restraint’. Judicial restraint means the self-control to be exercised by the judiciary. Judicial activism, on the other hand, means the proactive role played by the judiciary to protect the rights of the citizens.
➨Judicial restraint means that the judges should play a limited role of saying what the law is, leaving the job of lawmaking for legislators and the executives. Moreover, judges must not allow their personal political values to influence their judicial opinions.
❇️ 12 JUNE
🟢 World Day against Child Labour
अंतरराष्ट्रीय बाल श्रम निषेध दिवस
Theme 2023 : “Social Justice for All. End Child Labour!”
💠 In 2002, the International Labour Organization declared June 12 as the World Day Against Child Labour
💠 Constitution of India in the Fundamental Rights and the DPSP prohibits child labour below the age of 14 years in any factory or mine or castle or engaged in any other hazardous employment (Article 24)
💠 Kailash Satyarthi is an Indian social reformer who campaigned against child labour in India
💠 सतत विकास लक्ष्य 8.7 के अनुसार 2025 तक किसी भी प्रकार के बाल श्रम को समाप्त किया जायेगा
🟢 NEWS
🔶NCPCR’s Elimination Of Child Labour Week: 12-20 June 2022
🔷UP Govt Starts “Bal Shramik Vidya Yojana” To Educate Child Labourers
🛑 INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION ( ILO)
🔶 Founded : 1919
🔶 HQ : Geneva, Switzerland
🔶 D.G : Gilbert F. Houngbo
🔶 Member : 187
🔘Homo Naledi
In News
A study has been published, which suggests that Homo Naledi, an ancient human species, may have buried their dead and created meaningful symbols in a cave.
About
◾️Homo Naledi is a species of human discovered in the Rising Star cave system, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in South Africa in 2013.
◾️The remains of at least 15 individuals, including adults, juveniles, and infants, were found, making it the largest collection of a single hominin species in Africa.
◾️Homo naledi exhibits a combination of primitive and modern features and is not a direct ancestor of modern humans.
◾️These short-statured, small-brained ancient cousins are thought to have lived in Southern Africa between 335,000 and 241,000 years ago (possibly up to 2 million years ago)
Distribution Of Gondwana Coal In India:
Madhya Pradesh
The main coal deposits of the state lie in Singrauli, Muhpani, Satpura, Pench Kanhan & Sohagpur.
Singrauli (Waidhian) is the largest coalfield of MP.
It supplies coal to the thermal power plants at Singrauli & Obra.
Jhingurda, Panipahari, Khadia, Purewa and Turra are important coal seams.
Jhingurda with a total thickness of 131 m is the richest coal seam of the country.
Pench-Kanhan-Tawa in Godavari seam in Kanhan field contains coking coal.
Trick To Remember:
1) Three Principles of Jainism (Triratna):
Trick: " KFC "
K – right Knowledge
F – right Faith
C – right Conduct
2) States having Bicameral System
Trick: " TUM KAB "
T – Telangana
U – Uttar Pradesh
M – Maharashtra
K – Karnataka
A – Andhra Pradesh
B – Bihar..
World's Most Expensive Mango:
The world's most expensive mango 'Miyazaki' has been showcased in the 7th edition of the Mango Festival being held in West Bengal's Siliguri.
The three day long festival kicked off on 9 June and is being held at a mall located in Matigara, Siliguri.
The festival has been organised by Modella Caretaker Centre & School (MCCS), with Association for Conservation & Tourism (ACT), news agency ANI has reported. At the festival, more than 262 varieties of mangoes has been put on display of which Miyazaki has caught everyone's attentions as it is called the world's most expensive mango.
Trick To Remember Buddhist Councils In Sequence
Trick:- RAVA PAKA
1] First Buddhist council (c. 400 BCE) - RAjigriha
2] Second Buddhist council (c. 4th century BCE) - VAisali
3] Third Buddhist council (c. 251 BCE) - PAtaliputra
4] The Fourth Buddhist Councils – KAshmir..
Himalayan Brown Bears
🧤Himalayan brown bears are a subspecies of brown bears that inhabit the high-altitude regions of the Himalayas, ranging from Pakistan to Bhutan.
🧤They have thick fur that is most often sandy or reddish-brown in color.
🧤They can grow up to 2.2 meters long and weigh up to 250 kilograms.
🧤Food:
Omnivorous.
🧤Behavior:
They are nocturnal, and their sense of smell is acutely developed and believed to be their principal means of finding food.
🧤Threat:
Human-animal conflict, rapid habitat loss, poaching for fur, claws, and organs, and, in some rare cases, bear baiting.
🧤Range:
North-western and central Himalaya, including India, Pakistan, Nepal, the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China, and Bhutan.
🔆Foot rot disease
✅Recently, several farmers raised the concern over “foot rot” disease in the saplings of the Basmati variety of paddy in the nurseries.
📍 Foot rot disease:
✅It is also known as Bakanae Disease.
✅It is a soil and seed-borne deadly fungus which is seen only in the Basmati variety of paddy.
✅It is caused by ‘Fusarium verticillioides’ fungi.
✅The infected saplings turn pale yellow and become elongated and later, the saplings start drying and usually die.
✅Symptoms sometimes appear after transplantation and the infected plants first grow way taller than the normal plants and die after a few days.
📍Key Facts about Basmati Rice
✅India is known for its Basmati rice, with the produce from seven States — Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand — earmarked for Geographical Indication.
✅It is known for its mouthfeel, aroma, and length of the grain when cooked and tasted, has a market abroad and brings about ₹30,000 crores in foreign exchange every year.
Napier Grass
Napier grass, also known as elephant grass, is a productive and versatile forage grass native to Africa and Southeast Asia.
🧤It is widely used as feed for livestock and in bioenergy applications.
Favourable properties for its use in bio-energy:
Energy output-to-input ratio of approximately 25:1
High yield
Ability to withstand drought conditions
An excellent feedstock for anaerobic digestion processes
it can be harvested 5-6 times annually
🧤Short cycle: Its first harvest occurs four months after planting.
🧤Napier grass is found in various parts of India, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala
🔘Sengol
In News
A historical sceptre from Tamil Nadu ‘Sengol’ will be installed at the new Parliament building to be inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 28.
About
◾️Sengol was used on August 14, 1947, by then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru when the transfer of power took place from the British.
◾️It was kept in a museum in Allahabad.
◾️The word Sengol is derived from the Tamil word ‘Semmai’, meaning ‘righteousness’.
◾️It is a civilisational practice from the Chola kingdom, which was among the leading kingdoms in the Indian sub-continent for centuries.
◾️According to Tamil tradition, a high priest presents a sceptre to a newly crowned king as a symbolic gesture of power transition.
◾️C Rajagopalachari, the last Governor General of India, suggested that this tradition, observed by the Chola dynasty, could serve as a significant symbol of India’s freedom from British rule.
◾️The ‘Sengol’ was crafted by a renowned jeweller in Madras Vummidi Bangaru Chetty.
❇️1 JUNE
🥛World Milk Day
विश्व दुग्ध दिवस
🥛Theme 2023 : "Dairy Net-Zero"
🥛 Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) selected this date for the Global Milk Day
🥛It has been observed on June 1 each year since 2001
🟢 MILK FACTS
🍪Verghese Kurien was the father of the White Revolution.
🥛The White Revolution, known as Operation Flood was launched in 1970
🥛It has great nourishing value and a rich source of calcium, protein, fat and vitamin C
🥛Union FM to facilitate doubling of milk processing capacity from 53.5 million MT to 108M MT by 2025
🥛 Haryana - Milk Pail of India
🥛 Milk Protein - Casein
🪀India is the world's largest producer of milk
🚦National Dairy Development Board - Anand Gujarat
🚦National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) :- Karnal Haryana
NOTE :
💠 International Day for Protection of Children : 1 June
💠 National Milk Day : 26 November
🔆What is Acinetobactor baumannii?
A group of scientists recently discovered a new antibiotic that can kill a deadly superbug called Acinetobacter baumannii.
📍 Acinetobactor baumannii:
✅Acinetobacter is a group of bacteria (germs) commonly found in the environment, like in soil and water.
✅While there are many types, the most common cause of infections is Acinetobacter baumannii, which accounts for most Acinetobacter infections in humans.
✅It is a Gram-negative bacteria that often displays multidrug resistance.
✅It can cause infections in the blood, urinary tract, and lungs (pneumonia), or in wounds in other parts of the body.
✅It can also “colonize” or live in a patient without causing infections or symptoms, especially in respiratory secretions (sputum) or open wounds.
✅These germs are frequent causes of hospital-acquired infections, especially in intensive care units (ICUs).
It is highly contagious.