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This page will share GK & Current Affairs Updates Daily. UPSC | KPSC | IAS | IPS | NTPC | SSC | IBPS
▶️SSC CGL History Questions:
•Key Points
- Hiuen-Tsang wrote the book ‘Shi-Yu-Ki’ after visiting the Harshavardhana court.
Si-yu-ki means "Record of the Western Countries".
- Hiuen Tsang visited India during the period of emperor Harsha.
Hiuen Tsang remained at the University of Nalanda for five years.
Hiuen Tsang had been a guest to Bhaskara Varman, ruler of Kamarupa.
- Hiuen Tsang described Kannauj as a beautiful city.
- Pu Songling was a Qing dynasty Chinese writer.
- Pu Songling was the author of Strange Stories.
•Additional Information
Banabhatta:
- Banabhatta was the Asthana Kavi in the court of King Harsha Vardhana.
- Kadambari is the work of Banabhatta.
- The "Harshacharita" was also written by Banabhatta.
📖 List of Languages in the 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution 📖
==============================
🔹 Assamese
➨ Assam, Arunachal Pradesh
🔹 Bengali
➨ West Bengal
🔹 Bodo
➨ Assam
🔹 Dogri
➨ Jammu and Kashmir
🔹 Gujarati
➨ Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Gujarat
🔹 Hindi
➨ Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, the National capital territory of Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand
🔹 Kannada
➨ Karnataka
🔹 Kashmiri
➨ Jammu and Kashmir
🔹 Konkani
➨ Goa, Karnataka, Maharashtra
🔹 Maithili
➨ Bihar
🔹 Malayalam
➨ Kerala, Lakshadweep
🔹 Manipuri
➨ Manipur
🔹 Marathi
➨ Maharashtra, Goa
🔹 Nepali
➨ Sikkim, West Bengal
🔹 Oriya
➨ Odisha
🔹 Punjabi
➨ Punjab, Chandigarh
🔹 Sanskrit
➨ non-regional
🔹 Santhali
➨ Santhal tribals of Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha
🔹 Sindhi
➨ non-regional
🔹 Tamil
➨ Tamilnadu, Puducherry
🔹 Telugu
➨ Andhra Pradesh, Puducherry
🔹 Urdu
➨ Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh
📝Winners Of Nobel Prize for The Year 2023:
🌱 Physics :
1. Pierre Agostini (Tunisia🇹🇳)
2. Ferenc Krausz (Hungary🇭🇺)
3. Anne L’Huillier (France🇫🇷)
▪️for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter.
🌴 Chemistry:
1. Moungi G. Bawendi (France🇫🇷)
2. Louis E. Brus (USA🇺🇸)
3. Alexei I. Ekimov (Russia🇷🇺)
▪️ for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots.
🌱 Physiology or Medicine:
1. Katalin Karikó (Hungary🇭🇺)
2. Drew Weissman (USA🇺🇸)
▪️ for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.
🌴 Literature:
Jon Fosse (Norway🇳🇴)
▪️ for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable.
🌱 Peace :
Narges Mohammadi (Iran🇮🇷)
▪️ for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all.
🌴 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel:
Claudia Goldin (USA🇺🇸)
▪️ for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes
📣🌐 IMPORTANT HILLS
🎤 Nilgiri hills- Tamil Nadu
➡️ Chali hill -Himachal Pradesh
🎤 Matheran Hill Station -Maharastra
➡️ Daringbad hill station-Odisha
🎤 Amarkantak hill - Madhya Pradesh
➡️ Barmura hill -Tripura
🎤 Girnar Hill -Gujarat
➡️ Satmala Hill --Maharasthra
🎤 Patkai Bum hills -Arunachal Pradesh
➡️ Kudagu hills -Karnataka
🎤 Darjeeling Hills --West Bengal Place of the thunderbolt
➡️ Gawilgarh Hills – Maharashtra
🎤 Harischandra Range - Maharashtra
➡️ Rajmahal Hills – Jharkhand
🎤 Garhjat Hills – Odisha
➡️ Sirumalai Hills – Tamil Nadu
🎤 Seshachalam Hills – Andhra Pradesh
➡️ Varusanadu Hills - Tamil Nadu
Major cities of Indus Civilization
◆ Mohenjodaro - Indus River
◆ Harappa - Ravi River
◆ Ropar - Sutlej River
◆ Manda - Chenab River
◆ Kalibanga - Ghaggar River
◆ Lothal - Bhogwa River
◆ Sutkangador - Dashk River
◆ Balakot - Vindar River
◆ Sotkakoh - Shadikour
◆ Alamgirpur - Hindon River
◆ Rangpur - Madar River
◆ Kotdiji - Indus River
◆ Banwali - Ancient Saraswati River
◆ Chanhudaro - Indus River
👁🗨Artificial Lakes in India
1. Bhojtal — Madhya Pradesh
2. Gobind Sagar — Himachal Pradesh (Bhakra Nagal)
3. Jaisamand Lake — Udaipur Rajasthan | 2nd largest artificial in
Asia
4. Barapani Lake — Shillong
5. Bhimtal Lake — Uttarakhand
6. Hirakund Lake — Odisha
7. Rana Pratap Sagar — Rajasthan | Chambal Valley project
8. Nagarjuna Sagar — Telangana
9. Kodaikanal — Tamil Nadu
10. GB Pant — Uttar Pradesh
🌈Some famous twin cities of India are: -🌈🌈
• Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar
• Cuttack and Bhubaneswar
• Munger and Jamalpur
• Hubli and Dharwad
• Hyderabad and Secunderabad
• Vijayawada and Amaravati
• Kochi and Ernakulam
• Kolkata and Howrah
• Mumbai, Thane
• Jalpaiguri and Siliguri,
• Ranchi and Hatia
📌 Quotes and Slogan — Associated Person
✍️ Inqilab Zindabad — Hasrat Mohani
✍️ Dilli Chalo — Subhash Chandra Bose
✍️ 'Do or die' (Karo Ya Maro) Hey Rama, Quit India — Mahatma Gandhi
✍️ Jai Hind — Subhash Chandra Bose
✍️ Purna Swaraj , Araam Haraam hai — Jawaharlal Nehru
✍️ Get Back to the Vedas — Dayanand Saraswati
🔘Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX)
In News
In a joint effort, the space agencies of India and Japan are embarking on the Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX).
About
▪️Lunar Polar Exploration Mission (LUPEX) is a collaborative venture between Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
▪️LUPEX will use a rover and lander to study the possibility of establishing a base on the Moon, the availability of water ice, and surface exploration technologies.
▪️JAXA and ISRO are developing the rover and lander, respectively.
▪️The rover will carry not only the instruments of ISRO and JAXA but also those of the US space agency NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).
🔘Mylara Cult
In News
The recent discovery of two sculptures at Basrur in the Udupi district of Karnataka has proved that the ancient Mylara cult existed in the coastal region.
About
▪️The two sculptures resemble one belonging to the 15th century A.D. and another to the 17th century A.D.
▪️It shows a royal hero sitting on the horse, holding a sword and a bowl in his right and left hands, respectively.
But there is no Mylaladevi on the back of the horse.
▪️The horse shown holding swords in their right hand was found in another water body
▪️Basrur was a historic trading city of the Medieval period
▪️Trading guilds like Uhayadesi, Nanadesi and others actively participated in the trade.
Mylara cult
▪️Mylara is a folk deity identified as a manifestation of Lord Shiva.
▪️This deity, commonly known as Mailara in Karnataka and as Khandoba in Maharashtra, has a plethora of other names as well, such as Khanderao and Khandnatha.
▪️This cult is prevalent in Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
Civil Honours awarded by various countries on our Hon'ble PM of India.
Читать полностью…
🔆 Energy Transition Index 2023
✅ Released by World Economic Forum
✅ India is in 67th place globally.
✅ Itt is the only major economy with energy transition momentum accelerating across all dimensions.
✅ Sweden topped the list and was followed by Denmark, Norway, Finland and Switzerland in the top five on the list of 120 countries.
✅ Besides India, Singapore is the only other major economy showing "true momentum by advancing sustainability, energy security and equity in a balanced way," the WEF said.
✅ France (7) was the only G20 country in the top 10, followed closely by Germany (11), the U.S. (12), and the U.K. (13).
❇️ 18 August
👮🏻♂Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose (Death Anniversary)
नेताजी सुभाष चंद्र बोस (पुण्यतिथि)
Birth: 23 January 1897 in Cuttack, Odisha
Father: Janakinath Bose
Mother: Prabhavati Datt Bose
Guru: Chittaranjan Das
Political Party (1939): All India Forward Bloc
Death: 18 August 1945
🔷Important Associations:
▪️Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army)
▪️Gandhi-Irwin Pact
▪️Subhash Chandra Bose Committee
▪️Forward Bloc
🔷Events:
▪️21 October 1943: Formation of Azad Hind Fauj by Captain Mohan Singh
▪️Famous quote: "Tum mujhe khoon do, main tumhe aazadi dunga." (You give me blood, and I will give you freedom.)
▪️5 July 1943: Delhi Chalo movement in Singapore
▪️Established two main headquarters of the Indian National Army in Rangoon and Singapore.
🔷Written Work:
▪️Authored a book titled "Indian Struggle (1920-34)".
🔥Note : His birth anniversary, 23 January, is celebrated as 'Parakram Diwas' (Day of Courage) since 2021
🔆Manas National Park
✅located in the foothills of the Eastern Himalaya ( Assam), international border dividing India and Bhutan
✅Name originated from the Manas River and Serpent Goddess Manasa.
✅Declared a World Heritage Site in December 1985 by UNESCO.
✅In 1990 the Manas National Park declared world heritage site in danger due to heavy poaching and terriost activities but in 2011 it was removed from this list.
✅Project tiger reserve
✅Elephant reserve
✅Biosphere reserve
✅Heavy Rainfall occurs region.
✅Himalayan Subtropical Broadleaf forest.
✅Two biomes: Grassland and Forest.
✅combination of Sub-Himalayan Bhabar Terai formation leading up to the Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests (semi-evergreen)
📕Official Books of Various Country📕
📌White Book➖Official publications of China, Germany and Potugal.
📌White Paper➖Official Paper of the Govt. of Britain and India on a particular issue.
📌Yellow Book➖Official paper of the Govt. of France.
📌Blue Book➖An official report of the British Government.
📌Green Book➖Official Publications of Itali and Persia
📌Grey Book➖Official reports of the Government of Japan and Belgium.
📌Orange Book➖Official publication of the Govt. of Netharlands.
🔆Water bodies in Asia:
Important water bodies are:
West to East: Red sea, Dead sea, Lake Van, Lake Urmia, Persian gulf, Caspian sea, Aral sea, Lake Balkhash, Lake Baikal etc.
▪️Red sea:
✅Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and Djibouti.
✅Connected by Suez canal to Mediterranean sea.
✅ It is formed because of Rifting in Arabian peninsula.
✅ Important trade route. High piracy.
✅Strait of Bab Al Mandab connects it with Gulf of Gulf of Aden
▪️Dead sea:
✅ Bordered by Jordan and Israel.
✅ It is a land locked salt lake.
▪️Lake Van:
✅ Lies in Turkey
✅ Most saline water Body in Asia.
▪️ Lake Urmia:
✅ In Iran.
✅A Ramsar site.
▪️ Persian gulf:
✅ Bordered byIran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates and Oman.
✅ Persian gulf and its coastal areas are World’s largest single source of Petroleum.
✅ Strait of Hormuz connects it with Gulf of Oman.
▪️ Caspian sea:
✅ Bordered by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan.
✅ Known for its Mineral wealth.
▪️ Aral sea:
✅ It is Bordered by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russia, Afghanistan and Iran.
✅Formerly it was the fourth largest lake in world and now reduced to 1/10th of its size.
▪️Lake Baikal:
✅ It lies in Russia.
✅ It is a Rift lake.
✅ World’s largest Freshwater lake by volume.
📍SOME OF THE FEATURES OF INDO-ISLAMIC
🔸 The use of arch and domes gained prominence during this period. It was known as ‘Arcuate’ style of architecture and replaced the traditional Trabeate style of architecture.
🔸The Islamic rulers introduced the use of minars around the mosques and the mausoleums.
🔸Mortar was used as a cementing agent in their constructions.
🔸 The Indo-Islamic architecture avoided the use of human and animal figures.
🔸 While the Hindu architecture had become too congested, the Indo-Islamic architecture introduced spaciousness, massiveness and breadth to it.
🔰 Important Units 🔰
💠1 HP= 746 Watt
💠1 Calorie = 4.18 Joules
💠1 Mile = 1.61 Km
💠1 Pond = 453 gm
💠 1 KwH = 3.6*10^6 Joules
💠1 WH = 3600 Joules
💠1 carret = 200 mg
💠1 Barrel = 159 litres
💠G = 6.67 × 10–¹¹ Nm²/Kg²
💠1 ev. = 1.6*10^-19 Joule
💠1 unit = 1 Kwh
♻️Conventions and Protocols:
⚛Ramsar Convention- wetlands
⚛Bonn Convention- On migratory birds
⚛Vienna Convention- Ozone layer
⚛Montreal Protocol- Ozone layer
⚛Minamata Convention- Mercury
⚛Geneva Protocol- Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare
⚛Stockholm Convention- Persistant Organic pollutants(POP)
⚛Rotterdam Convention- Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides
⚛Basel Convention- Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
#Environment
■ WCS-India report flags illegal trade of red sand boa-
✅As per the report, compiled by the Counter Wildlife Trafficking unit of WCS-India Incidents of illegal sand boa trade were documented in 18 States and one Union Territory.
✅The highest number was recorded in Maharashtra (59) followed by Uttar Pradesh (33)
● Aim of the report:
✅The report is an attempt to bring to light the trade in red sand boas, especially online trade.
✅To develop a better understanding that might help prevent the illegal collection and sale of the species.
● Red sand boa:
✅It is a non-poisonous snake.
✅Also known as the “Two-headed Snake” as it has a very thick tail having a rounded end which gives it the look of a head.
✅The Wildlife Protection Act 1972 lists the snake in Schedule IV
✅Trade and possession of the red sand boa is an offense.
✅The species is listed in CITES Appendix II.
✅IUCN status: Near Threatened.
✅Spread of the species: Iran, Pakistan, and India.
✅India- it is found in all of India excluding the northeast states. It is also not found in Indian islands.
✅These are ovoviviparous.
✅These are nocturnal
● The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS):
✅It is a non-governmental organization
✅Headquarter- Bronx Zoo in New York City
✅Aim: to conserve the world's largest wild places in 14 priority regions.
✅Founded in 1895 as the New York Zoological Society (NYZS).
✅President and CEO: Monica P. Medina
● Prelims takeaway:
✅The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
✅Red sand boa
SOURCE - THE HINDU
The names of the parliament of the major countries of the World-
✺ Egypt ➠ People's Assembly
✺ Pakistan ➠ National Assembly
✺ Germany ➠ Bundestag
✺ USA ➠ Congress
✺ Bangladesh ➠ Ethnic Parliament
✺ Israel ➠ Neset
✺ Japan ➠ Diet
✺ Maldives ➠ Majlis
✺ Australia ➠ Federal Parliament
✺ Spain ➠ Cortés
✺ Nepal ➠ National Panchayat
✺ Russia ➠ Duma
✺ China ➠ National People's Congress
✺ France ➠ National Assembly
✺ Iran ➠ Majlis
✺ Malaysia ➠ Diwan Nigara
✺ Afghanistan ➠ Shura
✺ Turkey ➠ Grand National Assembly
✺ Poland ➠ Sejm
✺ Mongolia ➠ Khural
✺ Denmark =Folketing
✺ Switzerland ➠ Federal Assembly
✺ Netherlands ➠ State General
✺ Brazil ➠ National Congress
✺ Italy ➠ Senate
✺ Kuwait ➠ National Assembly
✺ Saudi Arabia ➠ Majlis al Shura
🔘Walking Leaves
In News
An international research team recently described seven previously unknown species of leaf insects, also known as walking leaves.
About
▪️Walking Leaves also called leaf insects, are insects that look very similar to leaves.
▪️They are any of more than 50 species of flat, usually green insects (order Phasmida or Phasmatodea) that are known for their striking leaflike appearance.
▪️They feed on plants and typically inhabit densely vegetated areas.
▪️Their natural range extends from islands in the Indian Ocean, across parts of mainland South Asia and Southeast Asia, to Papua New Guinea and Australia in the western Pacific.
▪️They are mostly brown or green, some slightly speckled or have serrated edges like nibbled leaves.
▪️They sway and rock back and forth, imitating the motion of leaves in the breeze.
▪️Female walking leaves cannot fly. Males can fly short distances thanks to their well-developed hind wings.
🔘White-Tailed Deer
In News
According to the study published, scientists have discovered white-tailed deer in Ohio, USA, acting as a reservoir for SARS-CoV2 virus where it is mutating fast.
About
▪️White-tailed deer are the smallest members of the North American deer family.
▪️They are found in North America from southern Canada through Central America.
▪️Includes areas along streams and rivers, mixed woodlands, farms, forests, and burned shrub fields.
▪️Open areas are used only when thick shrubs or forests are nearby.
▪️It is tan or brown in the summerand greyish brown in winter.
▪️It has white on its throat, around its eyes and nose, on its stomach, and on the underside of its tail.
▪️Only male deer grow antlers, which are shed each year.
▪️They are excellent runners.
▪️They can run at speeds of up to 30 miles an hour.
Conservation status:
IUCN Status: Least Concern
📌West Flowing Rivers of Peninsular India
North to South:
|—» Luni
|—» Mahi
|—» Narmada
|—» Tapi
|—» Vaitarna
|—» Mandovi
|—» Zuari
|—» Kalinadi
|—» Sharavati
|—» Ponnani / Bharatpuzha
|—» Periyar
|—» Pamba / Pambiar
#ISRO to launch #AdityaL1 Sun Space Observatory mission either on 2nd or 4th September 🇮🇳
#AdityaL1 will be placed at Lagrange point which is 1.5 million Km from earth & will take 109 days to reach it.
City Investments to Innovate, Integrate and Sustain 2.0
In News
Recently, the Government has approved the ‘City Investments to Innovate, Integrate and Sustain 2.0 (CITIIS 2.0)’.
About
◾️It is a part of the Smart Cities Mission and aims to promote integrated waste management and climate-oriented reform actions.
◾️CITIIS will consider Smart City Projects in the following four themes:
▪️Sustainable Mobility.
▪️Public Open Spaces.
▪️Urban E-governance and ICT.
▪️Social and Organisational Innovation for Low-Income Settlements.
The program will run for a period of four years, i.e., from 2023 till 2027.
🔆 Zafar Mahal
✅ The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is expected to begin conservation work at Zafar Mahal -- a 19th-century monument in Mehrauli.
✅ Zafar Mahal in South Delhi is considered as the last monumental structure built as a summer palace during the fading years of the Mughal era.
▪️The building has two components:
✅ The Mahal or the palace, which was built first by Akbar Shah II in the 18th century, and
✅ The entrance gate - Hathi Gate that was reconstructed in the 19th century by Bahadur Shah Zafar II.
✅ It is the last structure built by Mughals, and was acting as the royal palace for Mughals during the Urs of Hz. Bakhtiyar Kaki.
✅ The building, then called Lal Mahal and Rang Mahal, was started by Akbar Shah II.
✅ Later, the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II (aka Bahadur Shah Zafar) built the Hathi Gate and eventually, gave it its present name, the Zafar Mahal.
✅ The emperor started festival Sair-e-Gul Faroshan (Phoolwaalon ki sair) in Hz.
✅ Kaki's honor used to celebrate his urs from this palace.
▪️Structure
✅ The building was made in two parts.
✅ First part, constructed by Emperor Akbar Shah II was a single floor comprising of few rooms, some open area, Moti Masjid and Naubat Khana.
✅ Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar added another floor to it and erected the majestic Hathi Gate.
✅ He also constructed Chajja/Chhatri in the center of palace.
❇️ 7 August
🥇 National Javelin Day
राष्ट्रीय भाला दिवस
🥇 The Athletics Federation of India (AFI)celebrate across the country to commemorate one of the greatest moments in the country's sporting history, Neeraj Chopra's Olympic gold medal.
🟢 NEWS
🔶Gold at Tokyo Olympic & Kuortane Games
🔶Silver in World Athletics Championship 2022 & The Diamond League
🔶Wins Sportsman of the Year award: Sportstar Aces 2022
🔶Honoured with Param Vishisht Seva Medal
🔶The man with Golden Arm 2022
🔶Sets National Record With 89.30M
🔶Renamed Army Sports Institute, Pune as “Neeraj Chopra Stadium”
🔶‘Golden Boy Neeraj Chopra’ by Navdeep Singh Gill
🔶Nominated for Laureus World Breakthrough of the Year Award
🔶 Brand Ambassador
▪️GoodDot
▪️Tata AIA Life
▪️Coca-Cola signed for Limca Sportz promotion
▪️RBI appoints for Banking Fraud Awareness Campaign