28487
#ielts #toefl #gre #english_vocabulary #english
Phrasal Verb of the Day | Vocabulary | EnglishClub
look up (2)
If a situation is looking up, it seems to be getting better.
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Word of the Day
feeder
Definition: (noun) A branch that flows into the main stream.
Synonyms: confluent, tributary, affluent.
Usage: This stream in which he stood was a feeder to the Coppermine River, which in turn flowed north and emptied into Coronation Gulf and the Arctic Ocean.
Discuss
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Language Log
PRC cyberspace authorities fight against bad memes and distorted pronunciation
Judging from these alarming top level official government proclamations, one might think that the Chinese language is going to hell in a handbasket, and it's all because of the deleterious effects of the internet, strict policing of which is absolutely necessary.
Rénmín wǎng: Rénmín rè píng: Jǐnfáng hēi huà làn gěng de yǐnxìng qīnshí
Lín Fēng 2024 nián 10 yuè 13 rì 10:31 | Láiyuán: Rénmín wǎng-guāndiǎn píndào xiǎo zìhao jìnrì, zhōngyāng wǎng xìn bàn, jiàoyù bù yìnfā tōngzhī, bùshǔ kāizhǎn “qīnglǎng·guīfàn wǎngluò yǔyán wénzì shǐyòng” zhuānxiàng xíngdòng. Zhuānxiàng xíngdòng jùjiāo bùfèn wǎngzhàn píngtái zài rè sōu bǎng dān, shǒuyè shǒu píng, fāxiàn jīngxuǎn děng zhòngdiǎn huánjié chéngxiàn de yǔyán wénzì bù guīfàn, bù wénmíng xiànxiàng, zhòngdiǎn zhěngzhì wāi qǔ yīn, xíng, yì, biānzào wǎngluò hēi huà làn gěng, lànyòng yǐnhuì biǎodá děng túchū wèntí.
人民網 ：人民熱評：謹防黑話爛梗的隱性侵蝕
林 風
2024年10月13日10:31 | 來源：人民網-觀點頻道
小字號
近日，中央網信辦、教育部印發通知，部署開展“清朗·規范網絡語言文字使用”專項行動。專項行動聚焦部分網站平台在熱搜榜單、首頁首屏、發現精選等重點環節呈現的語言文字不規范、不文明現象，重點整治歪曲音、形、義，編造網絡黑話爛梗，濫用隱晦表達等突出問題。
People's Daily Online: People's Hot Comments: Beware of the Hidden Erosion of Slang and Bad Memes Lin Feng October 13, 2024 10:31 | Source: People's Daily Online – Viewpoint Channel Small font Recently, the Central Cyberspace Affairs Office and the Ministry of Education issued a notice to deploy a special action of "Clear and Standardized Network Language and Text Usage". The special action focuses on the irregular and uncivilized language and text presented in some websites and platforms in key links such as hot search lists, homepages, and discovery selections, focusing on rectifying prominent problems such as distortion of pronunciation, form, and meaning, fabrication of internet slang and bad memes, and abuse of implicit expressions.
(source)
A similar denunciation of the malign impact of the internet appeared in a sister publication of the central government:
Zhōngyāng wǎng xìn bàn bùshǔ kāizhǎn “qīnglǎng·guīfàn wǎngluò yǔyán wénzì shǐyòng” zhuānxiàng xíngdòng 2024 nián 10 yuè 11 rì 16:00 Láiyuán: Zhōngguó wǎng xìn wǎng [dǎyìn][jiū cuò] ànzhào 2024 nián “qīnglǎng” xìliè zhuānxiàng xíngdòng jìhuà ānpái, wèi zhěngzhì wǎngshàng guójiā tōngyòngyǔyán wénzì bù guīfàn shǐyòng luàn xiàng, sùzào yǒu lìyú wèi chéngnián rén jiànkāng chéngzhǎng de wǎngluò huánjìng hé yù rén shēngtài, jìnrì, zhōngyāng wǎng xìn bàn, jiàoyù bù yìnfā tōngzhī, bùshǔ kāizhǎn “qīnglǎng·guīfàn wǎngluò yǔyán wénzì shǐyòng” zhuānxiàng xíngdòng. Zhuānxiàng xíngdòng jùjiāo bùfèn wǎngzhàn píngtái zài rè sōu bǎng dān, shǒuyè shǒu píng, fāxiàn jīng xuǎn děng zhòngdiǎn huánjié chéngxiàn de yǔyán wénzì bù guīfàn, bù wénmíng xiànxiàng, zhòngdiǎn zhěngzhì wāi qǔ yīn, xíng, yì, biānzào wǎngluò hēihuà làn gěng, lànyòng yǐnhuì biǎodá děng túchū wèntí. Zhuānxiàng xíngdòng yāoqiú, gèdì wǎng xìn, jiàoyù bùmén yào qiánghuà xiétóng liándòng, xíngchéng yīfǎ guǎnlǐ hé zhèngmiàn yǐndǎo hélì, jiānchí wèntí dǎoxiàng, jùjiāo qúnzhòng fǎnyìng jízhōng de wèntí, jùjiāo wèi chéngnián rén děng tèshū qúntǐ quányì bǎohù, chàngtōng jǔbào qúdào, jízhōng qīnglǐ bù guīfàn, bù wénmíng wǎngluò yǔyán wénzì xiàng guān xìnxī, yángé luòshí zhěngzhì rènwù. Gǔlì gèdì jiéhé gōngzuò shíjì, jiāqiáng yǔyán wénzì xiàng guān fǎlǜ fǎguī kēpǔ xuānchuán, chàngdǎo wénmíng yòng yǔ yòng zì, yíngzào quán shèhuì zhòngshì hé cānyù de liánghǎo fēnwéi.
中央网信办部署开展“清朗·规范网络语言文字使用”专项行动
2024年10月11日 16:00 来源： 中国网信网
【打印】【纠错】
按照2024年“清朗”系列专项行动计划安排，为整治网上国家通用语言文字不规范使用乱象，塑造有利于未成年人健康成长的网络环境和育人生态，近日，中央网信办、教育部印发通知，部署开展“清朗·规范网络语言文字使用”专项行动。
专项行动聚焦部分网站平台在热搜榜单、首页首屏、发现精选等重点环节呈现的语言文字不规范、不文明现象，重点整治歪曲音、形、义，编造网络黑话烂梗，滥用隐晦表达等突出问题。
专项行动要求，各地网信、教育部门要强化协同联动，形成依法管理和正面引导合力，坚持问题导向，聚焦群众反映集中的问题，聚焦未成年人等特殊群体权益保护，畅通举报渠道，集中清理不规范、不文明网络语言文字相关信息，严格落实整治任务。鼓励各地结合[...]
Language Log
Annals of lenition
What do you hear?
Your browser does not support the audio element.
…or here?
Your browser does not support the audio element.
The context is a clip from the British TV series Taskmaster, presented in "'Your mum's just like…' or 'Your mum's a slag'?", r/TASKMASTER 10/25/2024:
Your browser does not support the video tag.
The source appears to be episode 172, aired 9/12/2024.
The speaker is Babátúndé Aléshé, and what he's saying (in conventional orthography) is
Your browser does not support the audio element.
You're sitting at home, right,
and now your mom's just like
would you like some dessert?
Here's an aligned spectrogram of the first clip:
http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/YourMomsJustLikeX1.png
And the ambiguous audio:
Your browser does not support the audio element.
An explanation of the ambiguity would be a good intro phonetics exercise.
And as usual, translation into IPA is not an especially helpful part of the story.
[h/t Daniel Sterman]
Update — some more context here.
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Gungan Style (Pt. 2) - Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Gungan Style (Pt. 3) - Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Adam Pally Was A UCB Trendsetter (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus Had An Embarrassing Moment On The Set Of Bombshell (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Word of the Day
Word of the Day: disseminate
This word has appeared in 50 articles on NYTimes.com in the past year. Can you use it in a sentence?
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Idiom of the Day
filled to the brim
Completely full; teeming; having no room to spare. Watch the video
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Slang of the Day | Vocabulary | EnglishClub
veejay | VJ
a presenter of music videos, usually on television
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
justice for the Natasha Lyonne Beetlejuices #BeetlejuiceBeetlejuice
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Welcome Jon Gabrus Inside the FOD Vault (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Language Log
Invisible text via Unicode tag characters
If you open this file in your browser, you'll see only an an left square bracket followed by a right square bracket, with nothing in between: http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/LanguageLogInTags0.png But if I run the file through a perl script that I wrote long ago to print out character codes and their names, I get
|[| 0x005B "LEFT SQUARE BRACKET"
|| 0xE004C "TAG LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L"
|| 0xE0061 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER A"
|| 0xE006E "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER N"
|| 0xE0067 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER G"
|| 0xE0075 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER U"
|| 0xE0061 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER A"
|| 0xE0067 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER G"
|| 0xE0065 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER E"
|| 0xE0020 "TAG SPACE"
|| 0xE004C "TAG LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L"
|| 0xE006F "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER O"
|| 0xE0067 "TAG LATIN SMALL LETTER G"
|]| 0x005D "RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET"
Or you can cut and paste the bracketed sequence into the ASCII Smuggler page, and you'll see this: http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/LanguageLogInTags1.png For an explanation, see Johann Rehberger's blog post "ASCII Smuggler Tool: Crafting Invisible Text and Decoding Hidden Codes", Embrace The Red 1/14/2024, which starts:
A few days ago Riley Goodside posted about an interesting discovery on how an LLM prompt injection can happen via invisible instructions in pasted text. This works by using a special set of Unicode code points from the Tags Unicode Block.
The proof-of-concept showed how a simple text contained invisible instructions that caused ChatGPT to invoke DALL-E to create an image.
The meaning of these “Tags” seems to have gone through quite some churn, from language tags to eventually being repurposed for some emojis. […]
The Tags Unicode Block mirrors ASCII and because it is often not rendered in the UI, the special text remains unnoticable to users… but LLMs interpret such text.
It appears that training data contained such characters and now tokenizers can deal with them!
For more recent coverage, see Dan Goodin, "Invisible text that AI chatbots understand and humans can’t? Yep, it’s a thing.", Ars Technica 10/14/2024, which explains Rehberger's "Copirate" hack:
What if there was a way to sneak malicious instructions into Claude, Copilot, or other top-name AI chatbots and get confidential data out of them by using characters large language models can recognize and their human users can’t? As it turns out, there was—and in some cases still is.
The invisible characters, the result of a quirk in the Unicode text encoding standard, create an ideal covert channel that can make it easier for attackers to conceal malicious payloads fed into an LLM. The hidden text can similarly obfuscate the exfiltration of passwords, financial information, or other secrets out of the same AI-powered bots. Because the hidden text can be combined with normal text, users can unwittingly paste it into prompts. The secret content can also be appended to visible text in chatbot output. […]
“The fact that GPT 4.0 and Claude Opus were able to really understand those invisible tags was really mind-blowing to me and made the whole AI security space much more interesting,” Joseph Thacker, an independent researcher and AI engineer at Appomni, said in an interview. “The idea that they can be completely invisible in all browsers but still readable by large language models makes [attacks] much more feasible in just about every area.”
Microsoft has mitigated the threat to Copilot, according to Ravie Lakshmanan, "Microsoft Fixes ASCII Smuggling Flaw That Enabled Data Theft from Microsoft 365 Copilot", The Hacker News 8/27/2024. I'm not sure where things stand with ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and so on. As far as I can tell, WordPress removes tag characters from the text that it stores and presents.
For more details about the Copilot exploit, see this video:
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Word of the Day
Word of the Day: concurrent
This word has appeared in 83 articles on NYTimes.com in the past year. Can you use it in a sentence?
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Idiom of the Day
you could hear the grass grow(ing)
It is so still or quiet that one would be able to hear even the tiniest, imperceptible sounds. Watch the video
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工作实际，加强语言文字相关法律法规科普宣传，倡导文明用语用字，营造全社会重视和参与的良好氛围。
The Central Cyberspace Affairs Office deploys a special campaign of "Clear and Bright·Standardized Use of Online Language and Characters" October 11, 2024 16:00 Source: China Cyberspace Affairs Network [Print][Correction] According to the 2024 "Clear and Bright" series of special action plans, in order to rectify the irregular use of the national common language and characters on the Internet and create a network environment and education ecology that is conducive to the healthy growth of minors, the Central Cyberspace Affairs Office and the Ministry of Education recently issued a notice to deploy a special campaign of "Clear and Bright·Standardized Use of Online Language and Characters". The special campaign focuses on the irregular and uncivilized language and characters presented in key links such as hot search lists, homepages, and discovery selections on some website platforms, focusing on rectifying prominent problems such as distorted pronunciation, form, and meaning, fabricating online jargon, and abusing obscure expressions. The special action requires that local cybersecurity and informatization and education departments strengthen coordination and collaboration, form a joint force of legal management and positive guidance, adhere to problem orientation, focus on the issues that the masses have concentrated on, focus on the protection of the rights and interests of special groups such as minors, open up reporting channels, and centrally clean up information related to irregular and uncivilized online language and characters, and strictly implement rectification tasks. Localities are encouraged to strengthen the popularization of laws and regulations related to language and characters in light of their actual work, advocate civilized language and characters, and create a good atmosphere of attention and participation from the whole society.
(source)
The transcription and translation of both passages are thanks to Google Translate, with minor emendments by VHM.
If the cyberspace authorities in China could see what the raw face of the internet is like in America, they would be aghast / apoplectic. No wonder they feel that they need the Great Firewall to protect the innocent eyes and ears of the people of China. However, I guarantee that they are fighting a losing battle; people, especially young people, are just too creative and feisty. They should also know that, in these crazy, chaotic times, one thing more than any other that helps me keep my sanity and, yes, JOY, are the super clever memes that I spend many hours perusing each week. It might help the dour cyberspace authorities in China to loosen up a bit if they learned how to appreciate the brilliant memes that surround them, if only they'd open their eyes and ears. Selected readings
* "Chinese Buzzwords of the year 2019: plagiarism / stealing a shtick" (1/8/20)
* "'Garbage time of history'" (7/31/24)
* "'Garbage time of history', part 2" (9/23/24)
* "Crab raccoon, part 2" (9/2/24)
[Thanks to shaing tai)
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Slang of the Day | Vocabulary | EnglishClub
gutless
cowardly, lacking bravery
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Language Log
Annals of lenition
What do you hear?
Your browser does not support the audio element.
…or here?
Your browser does not support the audio element.
The context is a clip from the British TV series Taskmaster, presented in "'Your mum's just like…' or 'Your mum's a slag'?", r/TASKMASTER 10/25/2024:
Your browser does not support the video tag.
The source appears to be episode 172, aired 9/12/2024.
The speaker is Babátúndé Aléshé, and what he's saying (in conventional orthography) is
Your browser does not support the audio element.
You're sitting at home, right,
and now your mom's just like
would you like some dessert?
Here's an aligned spectrogram of the first clip:
http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/YourMomsJustLikeX1.png
And the ambiguous audio:
Your browser does not support the audio element.
An explanation of the ambiguity would be a good intro phonetics exercise.
And as usual, translation into IPA is not an especially helpful part of the story.
[h/t Daniel Sterman]
Update — some more context here.
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus Still Remembers His Drunk History Story (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Doing Drunk History Made Jon Gabrus Nauseous (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus Wants To Preserve The Magic Of Improv (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus Had An Embarrassing Moment On The Set Of Bombshell (Pt2) - Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3
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Phrasal Verb of the Day | Vocabulary | EnglishClub
go away (1)
to leave or go to another place
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Word of the Day
politic
Definition: (adjective) Smoothly agreeable and courteous with a degree of sophistication.
Synonyms: bland, smooth, suave.
Usage: He was too politic to quarrel with so important a personage.
Discuss
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Gungan Style, 2012 (Inside the FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus' Favorite FOD Sketch (Inside The FOD Vault Episode 3)
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Language Log
Trespassed update
I'm at a motel in Nampa, Idaho.
A sign posted on a side entrance reads:
DO NOT LEAVE DOOR
OPEN YOU WILL BE
TRESPASSED.
I asked the manager what she meant by that.
She replied, "You will be prohibited from coming on this property."
In our previous discussions of this usage, I do not recall that the grammatical property of "causative" came up. Coming from Chinese, where causative verbs are common, I would think of this expression, "You will be trespassed" as a sort of causative passive.
Compare Mandarin "bèi zìshā 被自殺" ("be suicided"), "bèi shīzōng 被失蹤" ("be disappeared"), and so forth.
A similar causative-passive construction is also to be found in Japanese:
Watashi wa sensei ni shukudai o dasaseraremashita.
私は先生に宿題を出させられました。 (わたしはせんせいにしゅくだいをださせられました。
"I was made to submit my homework by the teacher."
(source)
A lively discussion with vivid examples in many languages:
"Suicided: the adversative passive as a form of active resistance" (3/24/10)
Analytically, it may seem hard to wrap one's head around a grammatical construction that is simultaneously passive and causative, but such constructions do occur, e.g., "be defenestrated" (see "Translating the untranslatable" [10/28/10], comment 9).
Selected readings
* "Passed" (10/14/24)
* "Thou shalt be trespassed, as it were" (4/27/24)
* "You will be trespassed automatically" (8/1/23)
* "Not permission, to violate to punish" (5/8/14)
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Funny Or Die (Youtube)
Jon Gabrus Inside The FOD Vault: How Social Media Transformed Podcasting + Acting Nude With Al Roker
Actor, comedian, and podcaster Jon Gabrus (101 Places to Party Before You Die, High and Mighty, ActionBoyz) brings us “Gungan Style” from the Funny or Die Vault. He and our host, Marcos Gonzalez, take a deep dive into how the comedy landscape has changed since Jon got his start. From the internship to PA pipeline to TikTok dances and crazy stories on set, Jon and Marcos unpack where trend chasing is leading us.
Get notified when we drop new episodes, news, and show extras: https://norby.link/ctdAJD
Jon’s pick from the FOD Vault is “Gungan Style (Gangnam Style Parody)” from 2012: https://youtu.be/2df6x2YEeu8
Bio:
Jon Gabrus is an American actor and comedian, best known for his work on Guy Code, the podcast Comedy Bang! Bang!, and TVLand's Younger. He was a performer at the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre and hosts the High and Mighty podcast (https://headgum.com/high-and-mighty), as well as co-hosting the Raised By TV and Action Boyz podcasts. To access a free episode to Jon’s podcast ActionBoyz, use the link: https://free.actionboyz.biz
0:00 Intro
3:17 Why Jon chose Gungan Style
6:50 College comedy group to PA pipeline
9:28 When video sketches started to take off at UCB
16:00 How podcasting has changed
25:23 The nature of trend chasing
36:38 Bombshell story, best and worst gigs
43:21 Drunk History story
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