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#Vocabulary
In previous posts, we learned the names of different countries.
Traveling is a great activity! Let's learn how to say "Have a good trip" in French.
Read, listen and repeat the phrase.
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#Vocabulary
Masculine or feminine country names in French? We offer you a handy map to determine this.
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#Articles
Choose the correct answer in the quiz below this post - Are the country names "In the blue flower" masculine or feminine, and are they singular or plural?
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#Preposition
❗️If you want to say that you are going to, or are in a feminine country, then you will use en.
➖Je suis en France en ce moment.
I am in France right now.
➖Je vais en Allemagne demain.
I am going to Germany tomorrow.
➖J’aimerais aller en Australie.
I would like to go to Australia.
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#Vocabulary
Feminine Countries
❗️As a general rule, the countries ending in -e are feminine.
* la France
* la Belgique
* l’Espagne
* l’Argentine
* la Colombie
* la Russie
* la Chine
* l’Australie
❗️With feminine countries, we use the preposition en when talking about location.
➖J’habite en France. I live in France.
➖Il est allé en Australie. He went to Australia.
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#Preposition
❗️If you want to say that you are going to, or are in a masculine country, then you will use au.
Je vais au Canada, au Danemark.
I am going to Canada, to Denmark.
Elle est au Brésil, au Royaume-Uni.
She is in Brazil, in the United Kingdom.
❗️If however, a masculine country starts with a vowel, then you will use en.
J’ai un ami en Iraq.
I have a friend in Iraq.
Quand allons-nous en Iran ?
When are we going to Iran?
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#noun
In French there are two ways to say “in”.
❗️You use this form when you are referring to a real physical place.
*️⃣dans + [article] + [noun]
❗️ You use this form when you are referring to an abstract/general place.
*️⃣ en + noun
➖Je suis dans le hall de l’hôtel.
I am in the lobby of the hotel.
➖Je suis en danger.
I am in danger.
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#Vocabulary
Synonyms and similarities
* Calme-toi. (“Calm down / Chill“)
* Détends-toi. (“Calm down / Chill“)
* Décompresse. (“Decompress / Uncompress“)
* Respire. (“Breathe“)
* Relax. (Yes, we use this English word too)
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#Phonetics
Read, listen and repeat the phrase.
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#Vocabulary
Synonyms and similarities
*️⃣Neutral
* Il n’ y a pas de soucis. (“There is no problem“)
* C’est pas grave. (“Thats doesn’t matter“)
* Ce n’est pas grave. (“Thats doesn’t matter“)
* C’est rien. (“That’s nothing“)
* C’est pas grand chose. (“It’s not a big deal“)
*️⃣Informal
* Pas grave. (“No harm“)
* Ca va. (“It’s ok“)
* Tranquille. (“Easy“)
* Rien de grave. (“Nothing serious“)
* Pas de problème. (“No problem“)
* Pas de soucis. (“No problem“)
* Y’a pas de soucis. (“There is no problem“)
* Y’a pas de mal. (“There is no harm“)
* Y’a pas mort d’homme. (“There is no man’s death“)
* Y’a pas de lézard. (“There is no lizard“)
* C’est pas la mort. (“It’s not death“)
* C’est pas la fin du monde. (“It’s not the end of the world“)
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#Article
❗️Exceptions to the Rule
1️⃣ You don’t change du/de la/de l’/des to de or d’ in negations with the following verbs
*️⃣ avoir l’air
*️⃣ devenir
*️⃣ demeurer
*️⃣ être
*️⃣ paraître
*️⃣ rester
*️⃣ sembler
➖C’est du sucre ? – Non, ce n’est pas du sucre.
Is that sugar? – No it’s not sugar.
➖Le poivre devient du caramel. – Non, le poivre ne devient pas du caramel.
Pepper become caramel. – No, pepper doesn’t become caramel.
2️⃣ Definite articles (le, la, l’, and les) do not change in negations.
➖J’ai les clés. Je n’ai pas les clés.
I have the keys. I don’t have the keys.
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#Article
❗️Masculine and Feminine Plural Partitive Articles
If a noun is plural and uncountable then you will use des for some.
This is similar to countable nouns, and applies to both masculine and feminine nouns.
➖les pâtes
Je vais acheter des pâtes.
I am going to buy some pasta.
➖les épinards
Je veux des épinards.
I want some spinach.
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#Article
Masculine Singular Partitive Articles
When refering to uncountable nouns that are masculine and singular you will use du, and de l’.
Please note that de l’ is used for nouns starting with a vowel or mute h.
le pain
Je veux du pain.
I want some bread.
l’argent
Il veut de l’argent.
He wants some money.
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#Article
The 2 Types of Nouns:
Countable and Uncountable
*️⃣ Countable nouns are – as the name suggests – nouns that you can count (e.g. bicycles, watches, pineapples).
If you CAN answer the question “How many do you have?”, then you are dealing with a countable noun.
Let’s take the 3 aforementioned nouns as an example.
In all of these examples we can answer the question “How many bicycles/watches/pineapples do you have?”
For example: I have 3 bicycles/watches/pineapples.
As we can answer the “How many do you have?” question, we can conclude that they are countable nouns.
If you want to say “some” with countable nouns, then you have to change the article (le, la, l’) to des.
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#Articles
Choose the correct answer in the quiz below this post - Are the country names "In the yellow flower" singular or plural?
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#Vocabulary #Articles
Countries with no Articles
Such is the case of island countries and city-states.
*️⃣Madagascar
*️⃣Bahreïn
*️⃣Chipre
*️⃣Cuba
*️⃣Haïti
*️⃣Israël
*️⃣Malte
*️⃣Monaco
*️⃣Sainte-Lucie
*️⃣Saint-Marin
*️⃣Singapour
*️⃣Sri Lanka
❗️When talking about location, we use the preposition à in most cases. In a few cases, we use the preposition en instead.
➖J’habite à Madagascar. I live in Madagascar.
➖Elle vient de Cuba. She comes from Cuba.
➖Il habite en Israël. He lives in Israel.
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#Vocabulary
Plural Countries
*️⃣ les États-Unis
*️⃣ les Pays-Bas
*️⃣ les Philippines
*️⃣ les Seychelles
With plural countries, we use two prepositions: aux and des.
➖J’habite aux États-Unis. I live in the U.S.
➖Il vient des Pays-Bas. He comes from the Netherlands.
➖Elle est allée aux Philippines. She went to the Philippines.
➖On habite aux Seychelles. We live in the Seychelles.
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#Vocabulary
❗️When talking about origin, we only use the preposition de and drop the article.
➖Je viens de la Belgique –> Je viens de Belgique. I come from Belgium.
➖Elle vient de l’Argentine –> Elle vient d’Argentine. She comes from Argentina.
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#Vocabulary
Masculine Countries
There are six exceptions where the countries ending in -e are not feminine:
* le Mexique
* le Mozambique
* le Belize
* le Cambodge
* le Suriname
* le Zimbabwe
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#Preposition
❗️You use A when you want to describe going to or being in a city.
➖Je vais à Lyon.
I am going to Lyon.
➖Il est à Toulouse.
He is in Toulouse.
❗️You use DE when you want to describe being, coming or returning from a city.
➖Je suis de Lille.
I am from Lille.
➖Elles viennent de Nancy.
They are coming from Nancy.
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#Vocabulary
🔤🔤🔤🔤 Write this mini-dialogue in comment and replace «Du calme» with a synonym
"Je ne trouve pas mes clés. - Du calme! Les clés sont dans ta poche."
(- I can't find my keys. - Calm down! The keys are in your pocket.)
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🔤🔤🔤🔤 Write this mini-dialogue in comment and replace "Pas de problème" with a synonym - "J'ai peur d'être seule dehors. Pas de problème. Je viens avec toi." ("I'm afraid to be outside alone. Not a problem. I'm coming with you.)
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#Vocabulary
What does pas de problème mean?
Definition
It literally means:
* Pas → No
* de problème → (of) problems
“Pas de problème” is one way to say in French “No problem“, “No worries“, “Don’t worry about it“, “It’s not serious” or “That doesn’t matter“. It’s basically the shortened version of “Il n’y a pas de problème” which literally means “There is no problem“.
It’s a very popular expression that we use to reassure someone after something happened.
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#Phonetics
Read, listen and repeat the phrase.
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#Article
In French, you can use partitive articles (du/de la/de l’/des) to say some/any.
➖Il veut du lait.
He want some milk
*️⃣ You can negate partitive articles (du/de la/de l’/des) by changing them to de or d’ (in front of a vowel or mute h).
➖Je mange du raisin. – Je ne mange pas de raisin.
I eat grapes. – I don’t eat grapes.
➖Avez-vous du pain? – Je n’ai pas de pain.
Do you have some bread. – I don’t have any bread.
➖Avez-vous du lait ? – Je n’ai pas de lait.
Do you have some milk? – I don’t have any milk.
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#Article
*️⃣Feminine Singular Partitive Articles
When refering to uncountable nouns that are feminine and singular you will use de la and de l’.
Please note that de l’ is used for nouns starting with a vowel or mute h.
➖la confiture
Elle mange de la confiture.
She is eating some jam.
➖l’eau
Je voudrais de l’eau.
I would like some water.
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#Article
*️⃣ Uncountable nouns are – as the name suggest – nouns that you cannot count (e.g. milk and jam).
Can you answer the question “How many milk/jam do you have?”
You cannot do this.
It is wrong to say “I have 3 milk/jam.”.
If you CAN’T answer the question “How many do you have?”, then you are dealing with an uncountable noun.
If you want to say “some” with uncountable nouns, then you have to use partitive articles (du, de la, de l’, and des)
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#Grammar
With non plus you have to use stress pronouns (moi, toi, lui, elle, nous, vous, eux, elles) when you refer to other people.
❗️Please note that non plus (neither) is the negative version of aussi (also/too)
➖J’aime Nice. – Moi aussi.
I like Nice. – So do I.
➖Je n’aime pas Nice. – Moi non plus.
I don’t like Nice. – Neither do I.
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