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How to Congratulate in French

Basic ways to congratulate someone in French👇

Félicitations! = Congratulations.
Bravo! = Bravo!
Or even👇

Trop fort! (informal) = “Too strong!” (literally) = Very good!
Chapeau! (a bit old-fashioned) = “Hat” (literally) = “Congrats!” (with surprise and admiration)

But never use Bien fait to congratulate someone!
Yes, literally, Bien fait means “Well done.” But it’s never used as “Well done!” in spoken French by itself. Instead, it means: “Serves you right.” = “You deserved that bad thing that happened to you.” We also say Bien fait pour toi!

For instance:
Tu as ri quand je suis tombée de vélo. Et maintenant c’est toi qui es tombée ! Ha, bien fait!
= You laughed when I fell off my bike. And now you fell off too! Ha, serves you well!

Bien fait is a taunt. Don’t use it and accidentally make fun of someone – it would be an embarrassing mistake.

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The Future Tense in French

Part 3 (IRREGULAR VERB IN FUTURE TENSE)

Note: There are many irregular verbs. Although the stem changes, the endings remain the same. Here are some common ones👇

être (to be)
●Je serai
●Tu seras
●Il sera/elle sera
●Nous serons
●Vous serez
●Ils seront/elles seront

avoir (to have)
●J'aurai
●Tu auras
●Il aura/elle aura
●Nous aurons
●Vous aurez
●Ils auront/elles auront

faire (to make, to do)
●Je ferai
●Tu feras
●Il fera/elle fera
●Nous ferons
●Vous ferez
●Ils feront/elles feront

venir (to come)
●Je viendrai
●Tu viendras
●Il viendra/elle viendra
●Nous viendrons
●Vous viendrez
●Ils viendront/elles viendront

Quand je serai grand, je serai chanteur (When I am older, I will be a singer.)

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The Past Tense in French

Part 3

How to conjugate the passé composé in French?
To conjugate the passé composé we use the present tense of avoir or être as an auxiliary verb, followed by the past participle (participe passé) of the main verb👆

In negative sentences, the past participle comes after the second part of the negation (pas)

Example:
J’ai rigolé. → Je n’ai pas rigolé (I laughed→I didn't laugh)
Je suis parti.→ Je ne suis pas parti (I left →I didn't leave)

For reflexive verbs, the reflexive pronoun comes after the first part of the negation (ne) and before the auxiliary verb (avoir/être).

Example:
Je ne me suis pas trompé dans mon calcul (I didn't make a mistake in my calculations)

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French pronouns

✨Subject pronouns

Subject pronouns in French are used to replace a noun as the subject of a sentence.
These include familiar pronouns like “je” (I),  “tu” (you),  and “il/elle” (he/she) as well as plural forms such as “nous” (we), “vous” (you all), and “ils/elles” (they).
For example:

●Je mange une pomme. (I am eating an apple.)
●Tu es mon ami. (You are my friend.)
●Il court vite. (He runs fast.)
●Elle chante bien. (She sings well.)
●Nous aimons voyager. (We love to travel.)
●Vous parlez français. (You all speak French.)
●Ils étudient à l’université. (They [masculine] study at the university.)
●Elles mangent des croissants.(They [feminine] are eating croissants.)

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How to Say Good Luck in French

• Good luck! Bonne chance!

• Good luck my friend. Bonne chance, mon ami(e).

• I wish you success. Je vous/te souhaite de réussir.

• Good luck and best wishes. Bonne chance et meilleurs voeux.

• Good luck on your test. Bonne chance pour ton/votre examen.

• Break a leg! Merde!

• Fingers crossed! Je croise les doigts!

• Knocking on wood! Je touche du bois!

• May luck be with you. Que la chance vous/t’accompagne.

• I hope you’ll be fortunate. J’espère que tu auras de la veine.

• Good courage! Bon Courage!

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How to Say Time in French

Avant-hier →The day before yesterday
Hier → Yesterday
Aujourd’hui →Today
Demain→ Tomorrow
Après-demain →The day after tomorrow

The expressions above👆 specify the day.

Other time expressions are:

Five minutes ago, expressed as:  Il y a cinq minutes
An hour ago expressed as: Il y a une heure
A week ago as; Il y a une semaine
Two weeks ago, expressed as:  Il y a deux semaines
A month ago expressed as: Il y a un mois
A long time ago expressed as: Il y a longtemps

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Gender of French nouns



In French, nouns can be masculine (masculins) or feminine (feminins). This is known as gender. We can sometimes recognise a noun’s gender by its ending, but the only way to be sure is to always learn nouns together with their article (le/un or la/une).

Examples:

l’homme, le chien, le tableau, le travail, le chêne (masculine)

la femme, la danseuse, la librairie, la cuisine}, la France (feminine)

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How to Conjugate Irregular Verbs in French Present Tense

Here are some exceptions that you can encounter. The radicals and endings of these verbs change. Check it out👆👆👆

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How to Conjugate the Present Tense in French

To conjugate a regular verb in the present tense in French grammar, you will replace their infinitive ending with the following:

Does it end in –er? Yes! Then you have to conjugate using the same endings as the verb aimer.

Does it end in –ir? Yes! Then you have to conjugate using the same endings as the verb finir.

But Wait!!! Some verbs in –ir are not conjugated like the verb finir. To know which one do not belong to this category ask yourself whether or not you can end the verb in –issons at the 1st person singular.

Ex: nourrir- nous nourrissons = same conjugation as the verb finir

Courir-nous courissons  = does not conjugate like the verb finir. This verb is therefore part of the 3rd category.

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When to Use the Present Tense in French

The French present tense is used when talking about:

Ongoing actions in the present
“Je mange” – I am eating

Habitual actions (daily habits or common occurrences)
“Elle rit toujours.” – She is always laughing

Facts or general truths
“Le train vient tous les jours.” – The train comes everyday.

Events happening in the near future
“Je vais à l’école demain.” – I am going to school tomorrow.

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The future tense in French

To conjugate regular verbs in the future tense, we use the infinitive form + -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont endings

Nager (to swim)
●Je nagerai
●Tu nageras
●Il nagera/elle nagera
●Nous nagerons
●Vous nagerez
●Ils nageront/elles nageront

Dormir  (to sleep)
●Je dormirai
●Tu dormiras
●Il dormira/elle dormira
●Nous dormirons
●Vous dormirez
●Ils dormiront/elles dormiront

finir (to finish)
●Je finirai
●Tu finiras
●Il finira/elle finira
●Nous finirons
●Vous finirez
●Ils finiront/elles finiront

Je vous téléphonerai bientôt (I will call you soon)

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The future tense in French

The French future tense (le futur simple) is used in a similar way to the English 'will (+ main verb)': to describe upcoming actions.
Example👇
L'année prochaine, j'apprendrai le chinois (Next year, I will learn Chinese)

To conjugate regular verbs in the future tense, we use the infinitive form + -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont endings.

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French Pronouns

✨ Direct object pronouns

Direct object pronouns replace a direct object in a sentence.
Using direct object pronouns in French can help avoid repetition, making your speech or writing sound more fluid and natural.

Some common examples of direct object pronouns in French include “le,” “la,” “les,” “me,” “te,” and “nous.”
For example:

●Je l’ai vu. (I saw him/her/it.)
●Elle les a mangés. (She ate them.)
●Il me parle. (He is talking to me.)
.
✨ Indirect object pronouns

Indirect object pronouns are used to replace an indirect object, which is usually a person or thing that receives the action of the verb indirectly.

Some common examples of indirect object pronouns in French include “lui” (him/her/it), “leur” (them), and “me” (to me).
For example:

●Il m’a donné un cadeau. (He gave me a gift.)
●Elle lui parle souvent. (She talks to him/her/it often.)
●Ils nous ont envoyé un message. (They sent us a message.)

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How to Express Your Feelings in French

□ Je suis fatigue. I am tired

□ Je suis heureux / joyeux. I am happy

□ Je suis triste. I am sad

□ Je suis nerveux(se). I am nervous

□ Je suis fache. I am angry

□ Je suis excite. I am excited

□ Je suis ravi(e). I'm delighted

Now, we can do the same with avoir:

□ J'ai faim. I'm hungry

□ J'ai soif. I'm thirsty

□ J'ai froid. I'm cold

□ J'ai chaud. I'm hot

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How to say the time in French part 2

To say what is the time in French, you can  say
Quelle heure est-il? 

When giving the time in French, or when someone asks for the time, you would say👇

Il est 13 heures→ it is 1 p.m. 
Il est bientôt 13 heures→it is 1 p.m. soon
Il sera bientôt 13 heures→ it will be 1 p.m. soon
Il est presque 13 heures→ it is almost 1 p.m.
this depends on the time the person is asking for.

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Types of French nouns

A common noun (un nom commun) is the general name for any person, animal, place, object, idea or concept. Common nouns can be animate (e.g. un enfant, un chat) or inanimate (e.g. un fauteuil, un billet de train). Common nouns have a plural form unless they are uncountable.

Examples:

Romain a acheté une veste et un pantalon. (singular)

Romain a acheté deux vestes et trois pantalons. (plural)

Like in English, common nouns can be countable (comptables) or uncountable (non comptables). Uncountable nouns do not have a plural form.

Examples:
une pomme, un crayon (countable)
lait, eau (uncountable)

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Les noms: Nouns in French grammar

What is a noun?
Les noms or les substantifs (nouns) are naming words: they refer to people (la fille), places (la France), animals (le chat), objects (la table) and concepts (l’amour). A noun can be a subject or an object in a sentence. They are often accompanied by an article and can be described by adjectives. To avoid repetition, nouns can be replaced by pronouns.

Examples:

Mon chien aime les friandises. (animal)
L’amour rend aveugle. (feeling, concept)
J’ai appelé ma cousine hier. (person)
Quel musée avez-vous visité? (place)
Le livre paraîtra en mai. (object)

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✨ LET'S PRACTICE ✨

Exercise 1

Conjuguez les verbes au présent de l’indicatif ou à l’infinitif dans les phrases suivantes.

1) J’ _ (aimer) ____(aller) à la plage.

2) Tes amis et toi _ ( nourrir /négatif) pas souvent le lapin.

3) Les enfants __ (découper) des formes de cœur.

4) Ma soeur et moi ___ (jouer) beaucoup aux jeux vidéos.

5) ___(regarder) -tu souvent la télévision?

6) Ton chien ___ (grossir) beaucoup quand il
_(manger) des gâteries.

7) Je __ (remplir) le pichet d’eau chaque matin.

8) Les adultes ___ (grandir / négatif).
Indicatif présent et infinitif

                          ~Good Luck~

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List of Common Fruits in French(LES FRUITS COMMUNS)

Cerise: Cherry
Banane: banana
Pomme: Apple
Abricot: Apricot
Poire: Pear
Pêche: Peach
Prune: Plum
Pastèque: Watermelon
Melon: Melon
Piment: Chilli peppers
Courgettes: Zucchini
Concombre: Cucumber
Cornichon: Pickle
Aubergine: Eggplant
Citrouille: Pumpkin
Tomate: Tomato

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