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#Grammar
Ongoing Durations = Depuis
*️⃣depuis + [durée] = for + [duration]
➖Je vis en Allemagne depuis un an.
I’ve been living in Germany for one year.
➖Tu travailles depuis deux heures.
You’ve been working for two hours.
➖Il habite ici depuis une semaine.
He has lived here for one week.
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“Not enough” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ne…pas assez + [adjectif/adverbe] = not + [adjective/adverb] + enough
➖Je ne suis pas assez stupide pour le croire.
I’m not stupid enough to believe that.
➖Tu n’es pas assez rapide.
You’re not fast enough.
➖Ce n’était pas assez.
It wasn’t enough.
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“Not yet” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ ne + conjugated verb + pas encore [infinitive]
➖Je ne sais pas encore.
I don’t know yet.
➖Tu n’es pas encore au lit ?
You’re not in bed yet?
It’s also possible to only use “pas encore“.
➖Êtes-vous prêt ? – Pas encore.
Are you ready? – Not yet.
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➖Je parle seulement l’anglais.
I only speak English.
➖Il mange seulement des fruits.
He only eats fruit.
➖Ils boivent seulement de l’eau.
They only drink water.
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“Only” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ne [verb] que = only [verb]
You place the ne…que around a verb to restrict it.
This is the formal way to say “only” in French.
➖Je ne parle que l’anglais.
I only speak English.
➖Nous ne voulons que vous.
We only want you.
➖Ils ne boivent que de l’eau.
They only drink water.
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“Nothing” in French can be expressed in the following way:
* ne [verb] rien = nothing/not…anything
Je ne regrette rien!
I regret nothing!
Tu ne sais rien.
You don’t know anything.
Elle n‘a peur de rien.
She is not afraid of anything.
Please note that it’s also possible to just use “rien” on its own.
In this case, “rien” would mean “nothing”.
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#Phonetics
Read, listen and repeat the phrase.
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“None” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ ne…aucun/aucune + [chose] = none/not one/no + [thing]
➖le commentaire
Je n’ai aucun commentaire.
I have no comment.
➖l’ennemi
Je n‘ai aucun ennemi.
I have no enemies.
➖la chance
Ils n’ont aucune chance.
They don’t stand a chance.
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“No more” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ ne [verb] plus = no more/no longer
➖Tu ne peux plus voir Jean.
You can no longer see Jean.
➖Il n’est plus malade.
He’s not sick any more.
➖Ils n’ont plus besoin de moi.
They don’t need me anymore.
❗️Please note that the -s in plus will not be pronounced unless it is in a liaison with a vowel.
In that case, it will take a -z sound.
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“No one” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ ne…personne = no one/not anyone
➖Tu ne trompes personne.
You’re not fooling anyone.
➖Il ne voit personne.
He doesn’t see anyone.
➖Elle n’aime personne.
She doesn’t like anyone.
❗️Please note that “personne” means “no one”.
However, “une personne” means “a person”.
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When to use Articles
*️⃣With this negation you are only allowed to use definite articles (le, la, and les).
However, you only use the definite articles to refer to something in a specific situation.
➖Je ne veux ni vin ni bière.
I neither want wine nor beer.
*️⃣This is a general statement. This person just doesn’t want wine or beer, regardless of the situation. Maybe this person doesn’t drink alcohol.
➖Je n’aime ni le pain ni le fromage.
I neither like the bread nor the cheese.
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➖Je n’ai pas assez de temps pour manger.
I don’t have enough time to eat.
➖Il n’y a pas assez de pain.
There is not enough bread.
➖Elle n’a pas assez de bon sens.
She lacks common sense.
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#Phonetics
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*️⃣ne + conjugated verb + pas du tout [infinitive]
➖Je ne suis pas du tout fatigué.
I’m not at all tired.
➖Il ne veut pas du tout étudier.
He doesn’t want to study at all
➖Nous ne comprenons pas du tout l’anglais.
We don’t understand English at all.
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Translation: I come from the sky and the stars speak amongst themselves only of you. — Francis Cabrel, French singer
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#Phonetics
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Aucun has to agree in gender with the thing that it refers to.
If it refers to something feminine then it becomes aucune.
However, aucun/aucune does NOT have to agree in number with the thing it refers to.
Aucun/aucune is alway singular.
➖Avez-vous des frères et sœurs ? – Aucun.
Do you have any siblings? – None.
➖Tu n‘as aucun goût.
You have no taste.
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#Vocabulary Translation: Today we don't know anymore how to speak because we don't know anymore how to listen. — Jules Renard, French author
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#Grammar
“Neither…nor” in French can be expressed in the following way:
*️⃣ne…ni…ni = neither…nor
➖Je ne bois ni café ni thé.
I drink neither coffee nor tea.
➖Il ne sait lire ni écrire.
He can neither read nor write.
➖Personne ne peut entrer ni sortir.
No one can get in or out.
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