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Pioneering on-chain market analysis. Advanced charts/data/insights for investors in Bitcoin and digital assets. https://studio.glassnode.com/
Perpetual Market Lagging Behind Momentum
Despite Bitcoin's strong rally from $93.5K on Jan 1 to $102.4K today, the Perpetual Funding Rates for the top 5 assets remain below neutral (0.01%):
BTC: 0.009%
ETH: 0.01%
SOL: 0.006%
XRP: 0.01%
DOGE: 0.011%
This suggests perpetual markets are lagging behind the current positive market momentum.
📊https://glassno.de/4gHafnZ
Ethereum Spot ETFs saw $2.05B in net inflows during December – the highest monthly total since inception. However, this influx of institutional capital wasn’t enough to shield ETH from downside volatility. The ultimately closed the month with a -10% loss.
https://glassno.de/3DI1mfy
Bitcoin Spot ETFs brought in $4.63B in December, well above the 2024 monthly average of $2.77B. Inflows were heavily concentrated in the first half of the month, while the second half saw outflows – with one notable exception on December 26. Despite reaching a new all-time high above $108K, BTC closed the month with a -3% performance.
https://glassno.de/4a00kHE
Key Highlights:
🔸Largest BTC ETF inflows: BlackRock’s $IBIT at $5.51B, followed by Fidelity’s $FBTC at $352.83M.
🔹Biggest BTC ETF outflows: Grayscale at -$997.59M, followed by Ark 21 Shares at -$193.94M.
https://glassno.de/4a00FKy
Despite the decline in Bitcoin price, the average Short-Term Holder continues to hold an unrealized profit (paper gain) of +7.9%.
Currently, their aggregate cost-basis resides at a value of $86.8k, marking this as a key region of interest for local price momentum.
For further information regarding the capital flows of the Short-Term Holder cohort, visit our Dashboard below👇
glassno.de/4gWoyVC
We observe that Solana has consistently maintained a positive net capital inflow since early September 2023, with only minor outflows during this period.
This sustained influx of liquidity has assisted in stimulating growth and price appreciation, achieving a remarkable peak inflow of $776M of new capital per day.
Discover more in our latest Solana research report👇
glassno.de/3Dqm9E9
Get an x-ray view of profitability and profit-taking across key assets with the Profitability Map. Track assets with increasing 🔴 or declining 🟢 profitability to anticipate market sentiment shifts before price moves.
📈 DEXE remains highly profitable (1.49), with slowing profit-taking momentum (0.51) and a heating trend. A realized profit spike between Dec 2-9 was followed by modest activity, suggesting holders see potential value.
📉 YFII is strongly cooling, with both profitability and realized profits declining, reflecting reduced cash-out opportunities amid slowing momentum.
Typically a Professional plan dashboard, it's now available to Advanced plan users until March 31, 2025. Explore: https://glassno.de/map
The Week On-Chain 51, 2024
Bitcoin continues trading above the psychologically important $100k price level, supported by a consistent inflow of capital. Long-Term Holders are capitalizing on this liquidity, taking the opportunity to distribute supply at scale, setting a new ATH in profit realized of $2.1B.
Executive Summary
- Bitcoin’s price trajectory shows striking similarities across cycles despite vastly different market scales and dynamics.
- With price trading above $100k for weeks, Long-Term Holders are distributing supply, setting a new ATH in realized profit of $2.1B.
- Most profit-taking comes from coins aged 6m-12m, while older coins remain relatively dormant.
- New investors now hold a larger share of network wealth, reflecting robust demand and a shift away from longer-term HODLers.
Read more in The Week On-Chain newsletter.
Looking at price performance, SOL outpaced both ETH and BTC for most of Q4 2024. However, since early December, ETH has taken the lead, outperforming the other two assets.
30-day performance:
ETH: +26.96%
BTC: +17.49%
SOL: +1.61%
A clear shift in momentum. 📊 https://glassno.de/4ggZUiw
Analyzing the weekly Realized Cap—a proxy for capital flow—SOL expanded faster than BTC and ETH until early December (over +5%).
Since then, BTC has taken the lead, with ETH outpacing SOL:
BTC: +1.89%
SOL: +1.11%
ETH: +1.03%
Capital flows and price trends have shifted. The tides have turned.
📊: https://glassno.de/4fkLyMz
The Week On-Chain 50, 2024
Bitcoin’s journey from the Genesis Block to $100k per BTC is a historic moment and a new high watermark in adoption. With 19.8M BTC mined, $131T in transfer volume processed, and 1.12B transactions, the $100k price milestone is yet another sign of Bitcoin's resilience.
Executive Summary
- The Bitcoin price crossed the $100k mark for the first time on 5 December, after 5,256 trading days, and hitting a market cap briefly exceeding $2 Trillion.
- Miners have earned a cumulative $71.49 Billion since inception, reflecting the network's robust security and economic incentives.
- The network has processed a total of 1.12 Billion transactions and settled $131.25 Trillion in transfer volume, with entity-adjusted figures providing an even clearer view of genuine economic activity.
- A breakdown of supply held by various cohorts highlights a broad distribution of Bitcoin ownership, ranging from retail investors to institutional-scale holders.
Read more in The Week On-Chain newsletter.
Bitcoin’s market cycles are marked by a gradual transition of wealth from long-term holders to short-term holders. This dynamic is playing out similarly in the current cycle but with additional nuances due to the influence of spot ETFs:
As long-term holders are typically defined as those holding Bitcoin for at least 155 days, many early ETF-driven buyers now fall into this category.
🔹 Spot ETF buyers, who began accumulating heavily early in the year, swelled the 6-12 month cohort to 25% by August. Since October, this group has reduced to 16%, possibly due profit-taking by these newer market participants.
🔹 A more concerning trend is the decline in the 1-2 year and 2-3 year cohorts, which represent seasoned holders who accumulated during the June-November 2022 market bottoming phase. Their distribution suggests we are transitioning toward the later stages of the cycle.
🔹 Holders from the 3-5 year cohort remain relatively stable at ~13.9%, indicating that these holders don’t yet seem incentivized to sell.
Bitcoin briefly advanced above $100K - a historic milestone - but the move was short-lived. Where could the retracement stop? Glassnode’s new Cost Basis Distribution (CBD) metric offers on-chain insights into accumulation and distribution patterns, helping to spot critical price levels.
What is CBD? CBD is a heatmap that shows the total Bitcoin supply grouped by the average cost basis of investors at specific price levels. By visualizing where cost bases are concentrated, CBD helps identify key zones of support and resistance based on investor behavior.
Example Insight
The $96K–$98K range saw over 101K BTC accumulated, solidifying it as a strong support zone. Above $98K, ~81K BTC was acquired, forming short-term resistance. Below $96K, limited activity suggests weak support if prices retrace.
With CBD, you can move beyond price and volume data to analyze investor behavior and identify critical zones of interest with more precision. Learn more about CBD and how to use it here: https://glassno.de/4ijpUex
#Bitcoin's rally to the $99.4K ATH moved investor holdings to extreme profit levels, resulting in a sharp redistribution of supply.
With several risk metrics elevated, are we approaching a turning point? Our latest Week On-Chain explores the data: https://glassno.de/3VmOm4O
With the number of active addresses currently at around 751K, BNB Chain's active address momentum is ramping up.
Active address momentum is defined as a crossover between short- and long-term averages of the metric. Typically, it indicates an expansion in onchain activity, improving fundamentals and growing network utilization.
However, BNB's active addresses are still well below the 2021 peak of ~1.5M, suggesting potential for further growth: https://glassno.de/49k9YEM
Curious about what’s happening on other major blockchains? Assess asset fundamentals for SOL, TON, TRON, and more with Glassnode Studio. Analyze active accounts, transaction volumes, and fees across leading ecosystems: https://glassno.de/4ijXbWL
The Week On-Chain 48, 2024
Following a flurry of consistent new ATHs, Bitcoin is just a stone's throw away from reaching a price of $100k per coin. Explosive price action tends to result in a significant increase in the unrealized profit of holders, and Long-Term Holders are ramping up their distribution in response.
Executive Summary
- As the Bitcoin price rallied towards $100k, Long-Term Holders commenced distributing over 507k BTC, which remains less than the 934k BTC sell-side during the March rally but is significant nonetheless.
- Long-term holders are locking in sizeable profit volumes, setting a new ATH of $2.02B in daily realized profit.
- When assessing the composition of which entities are spending, the majority of this sell-side pressure appears to originate from coins aged between 6 months and 1 year.
Read more in The Week On-Chain newsletter.
During the recent rally to $99.4K, Long-Term Holders’ Net Position Change dropped to -366K BTC/month, marking the highest selling pressure since April 2024. This signals significant profit-taking by LTHs, but it's important to examine which sub-groups within LTHs contributed to this.
Looking closer, 6m-12m holders led the activity, spending 25.6K BTC/day (7D-MA). Their cost basis, estimated at $57.9K (71% below market price), explains the incentive to capitalize on the rally. This aligns with natural behavior for intra-cycle holders like ETF-related buyers from earlier this year.
Key takeaway: Most selling pressure came from buyers in the $50K–$60K range, indicating intra-cycle LTHs drove profit-taking. There was minimal sell-off by OG long-term holders, whose behavior typically signals deeper shifts in market sentiment.
BTC Long-Term Holder Net Position Change chart: https://t.co/hr64gBGUCd
BTC Spent Volume in Profit by Age chart: glassno.de/3CF66lA
BTC SOPR by Age chart: glassno.de/3ATrqmP
The Week On-Chain 47, 2024
Bitcoin continues to relentlessly establish new ATHs, supported by robust capital inflows from both ETFs and the Spot Market, with over $62.9B entering the market over the last 30 days. As the market proceeds to heat up, Long-Term Holder spending begins to rise in tandem.
Executive Summary
- Bitcoin’s rally to $93k has been fuelled by robust capital inflows from both ETFs, and spot markets. Over $62.9B has entered the market over the last 30 days, with BTC dominating the demand inflows.
- Elevated unrealized profits among long-term holders have triggered significant spending activity, with 128k BTC sold between 8-October and 13-November.
- U.S. Spot ETFs played a pivotal role, absorbing around 90% of the selling pressure from long-term holders over the analyzed period. This highlights the growing importance of the ETFs in maintaining liquidity, and stabilizing the market.
Read more in The Week On-Chain newsletter.
The STH MVRV ratio for Bitcoin currently sits at 1.1, indicating that short-term holders are, on average, 10% in profit. This metric helps gauge the sentiment of recent market entrants, who tend to be more speculatively minded and react quickly to price volatility.
This year, the MVRV ratio for STHs peaked at 1.44 in March, dropped below 0.8 in September marking a local bottom, and reached the high of 1.35 in November.
It often pays off to watch the neutral level of 1 as it tends to act as support during uptrends but can flip to resistance if decisively broken, signaling a shift in sentiment.
In terms of price, the MVRV of 1.0 currently corresponds to a short-term holder cost basis of $87K. According to Cost Basis Distribution (CBD) data, there is an "air pocket" of demand between $87K and $71K. This potentially makes the $87K a make-or-break level for the short-term price action.
🔗 Relevant Charts:
STH MVRV Indicator: https://glassno.de/3Pp4BLn
Cost Basis Distribution (CBD) Data: https://glassno.de/cbd
1/ Cost Basis Distribution (CBD): A Key Insight for Investors
CBD measures the total Bitcoin supply held by addresses with an average cost basis within specific price ranges.
Key Observations:
- A dense cluster of supply exists between $88.1K-$103K.
- Since mid-December, we've been hovering near the lower band ($88.1K).
$98K buyers remain notably resilient despite market fluctuations.
- This region acts as a critical zone of interest for price action.
📊 https://glassno.de/4iWs04a
2/ The Air Gap: $70K-$88.1K
Above the dense cluster lies an "Air Gap" between $70K-$88.1K – an area with significantly lower supply concentration.
📉 Implication:
If the market enters a prolonged price contraction phase, this zone could act as a bottom discovery region, attracting new buyers eager to accumulate Bitcoin at a relative discount.
Keep a close eye on these levels—they hold the key to market resilience or deeper corrections.
📊 https://glassno.de/4iWs04a
Capital Momentum: BTC vs ETH vs SOL
The chart below shows the monthly percent change in Realized Cap for Bitcoin (BTC),Ethereum (ETH), and Solana (SOL).
This metric acts as an indicator of the rate and direction of capital inflows or outflows for these assets.
Diminishing Momentum on Solana 📉
During the recent market downtrend, the monthly rate of change in Realized Cap for SOL has plunged below both BTC and ETH.
This indicates a faster decline in momentum for Solana compared to the other two assets.
Current monthly Realized Cap Change (%/30D):
• BTC: +10.87%
• ETH: +5.43%
• SOL: +2.19%
📊 https://glassno.de/49WGptl
The last two years have been remarkable for Solana: a staggering price appreciation of +2,143%, outperforming Bitcoin and Ethereum on 344 out of 727 trading days since the FTX fall.
In our latest analysis, we utilize Glassnode’s new breakdown metrics for Solana to inspect and understand the underlying capital flows behind the dramatic ascent. Find out more: https://glassno.de/3Dqm9E9
We've enhanced our latest release of Solana to provide even better analytics: advanced metrics are live! Explore over 80 SOL metrics in Studio: https://glassno.de/SOL
The proportion of Bitcoin wealth held within recently moved supply has started to increase meaningfully in recent months.
This occurs as coins held by Long-Term Holders are distributed to new investors, which in turn highlights a surge in new demand-side activity.
Discover more in the latest Week On-Chain below 👇
glassno.de/41GJwn8
Solana vs Ethereum: Probing into the Demand Side
We can gauge demand-side momentum by tracking capital rotation via new investor activity, also known as Hot Realized Cap. The Hot Realized Cap measures the capital held by accounts active in the last 7 days.
1/ Solana Hot Realized Cap
For Solana, the positive market momentum coincided with a surge in its Hot Realized Cap starting in early October 2023.
📊: https://glassno.de/3BwmMvk
2/ Ethereum Hot Realized Cap
Unlike Solana, Ethereum's Hot Realized Cap did not see a significant spike off the 2022-2023 bear market floor. This demonstrates how demand for Solana outpaced Ethereum for most of 2024.
📊: https://glassno.de/3VHfhbE
3/ Demand Shift: SOL vs ETH
However, the recent period of ETH outperforming SOL has coincided with a surge in ETH's Hot Realized Cap starting in early November 2024.
New demand is clearly returning to ETH.
📊: https://glassno.de/49Lm8qy
Bitcoin Spending Power Law: A New Predictable Framework
Glassnode's new research reveals how Bitcoin holder behavior follows a power-law decay, offering a groundbreaking perspective on coin age and spending probabilities.
Executive Summary
- Spending probability drops by a factor of 10 for every tenfold increase in coin age, creating a measurable and predictable pattern.
- Coins held for over 3-4 years rarely move, signaling either strong conviction or potential loss.
- A simple heuristic predicts with 98% accuracy that coins younger than 7 days will move, providing actionable short-term insights.
This framework enables investors to segment holders into behavior-driven cohorts and track market sentiment with greater precision.
Read more in the full research report here.
📊 Bitcoin Market Cycle Update
Current ROI:
Here's how #Bitcoin’s ROI since cycle low compares to the last two cycles so far:
🔸 2015-2018: 5.90x
🔸 2018-2022: 10.47x
🔸 2022+ (current): 5.98x
The current cycle is 26.94% below the average ROI of the last two cycles (8.18x), highlighting the challenges of sustaining exponential growth as liquidity needs increase.
Bull Market Volatility:
Here’s how this bull market’s corrections compare to the previous cycles:
Average Drawdowns:
🔹 2022+: -7.68%
🔹 Overall: -16.24%
Max Drawdowns:
🔹 2022+: -26.25%
🔹 Overall: -71.15% (2011-2013)
This cycle stands out as the least volatile, with the mildest corrections compared to its predecessors.
Bitcoin’s evolution continues, balancing reduced volatility with steady growth as the market matures and becomes more institutionalized. 📈
The Cost Basis Distribution (CBD) metric reveals where Bitcoin supply has clustered at key price levels. Recent data shows $99,559 as the largest accumulation zone below $100K (a total of 125K BTC), while $96K–$98K, with 120K BTC accumulated, shapes up as a potential short-term support level.
CBD also highlights $101,669 (44K BTC) as a level to watch. While $99,559 shows stronger accumulation, it may act more as an area of interest than immediate resistance, depending on how market momentum evolves.
Typically exclusive to Professional plan users, the Cost Basis Distribution Heatmap is now accessible to Advanced plan users until the end of 2024. Explore it here: https://glassno.de/4ikd3ZA
5808 days since Satoshi Nakamoto mined Block 1, the price for a single Bitcoin has reached $100K. What a journey it has been!
Читать полностью…
While #Bitcoin consolidates with temporary dips to the lower end of the $90K range, SOPR Momentum - a key measure of how the market responds to profit and loss pressures - continues to accelerate, indicating positive sentiment.
See the live chart here: https://glassno.de/3ZnUpqW
#BTC's SOPR Momentum assesses the average profit and loss magnitude of daily transactions, excluding internal transfers and self-spends. Using a fast/slow momentum crossover strategy, it identifies periods of heightened profit-taking relative to a longer-term baseline.
SOPR Momentum is a key component of #Bitcoin’s On-Chain Momentum Signal - Glassnode's proprietary framework to form data-driven views on market trends as they unfold. You can view its current status here: https://glassno.de/3ZmRW04
➡️Discover the other metrics in this signal and how they can guide market decisions: https://glassno.de/41cENJv
After hitting an all-time high at $99.4K, Bitcoin has fluctuated between $92K and $98K this past week.
Daily realized profits to exchanges have cooled off significantly, now at $277M/day. This represents a 42% drop from the peak of $481M/day on Nov 16.
This sharp decline signals reduced profit-taking activity, suggesting the market has entered a consolidation phase.
See the chart: https://glassno.de/49jwGg8
During the recent rally to $99.4K, Long-Term Holders’ Net Position Change dropped to -366K BTC/month, marking the highest selling pressure since April 2024. This signals significant profit-taking by LTHs, but it's important to examine which sub-groups within LTHs contributed to this.
Looking closer, 6m-12m holders led the activity, spending 25.6K BTC/day (7D-MA). Their cost basis, estimated at $57.9K (71% below market price), explains the incentive to capitalize on the rally. This aligns with natural behavior for intra-cycle holders like ETF-related buyers from earlier this year.
Key takeaway: Most selling pressure came from buyers in the $50K–$60K range, indicating intra-cycle LTHs drove profit-taking. There was minimal sell-off by OG long-term holders, whose behavior typically signals deeper shifts in market sentiment.
BTC Long-Term Holder Net Position Change chart: https://t.co/hr64gBGUCd
BTC Spent Volume in Profit by Age chart: glassno.de/3CF66lA
BTC SOPR by Age chart: glassno.de/3ATrqmP
We're excited to launch our Black Friday offer! Until Cyber Monday, you can enjoy 30% off the Glassnode Advanced Annual Subscription. Gain deeper insights into Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, TRON, and hundreds of ERC-20 tokens, including DOGE and PEPE. Offer ends 3rd December. Claim your discount here: https://glassno.de/3AX9bgb
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The Week On-Chain 46, 2024
Bitcoin’s rally to a new ATH is driven by strong spot demand and institutional inflows, with over 95% of supply in profit. This article explores on-chain indicators, highlighting robust spot buying momentum, rising ETF AUM, futures premiums, and the potential for sustained gains in this ATH phase.
Executive Summary
- Bitcoin’s rally to a new ATH highlights strong demand in spot markets over perpetual futures.
- Institutional inflows surged post-U.S. elections, driven by spot ETFs and CME futures as cash-and-carry strategies gain traction.
- The ATH phase sees over 95% of supply in profit, signaling unique market dynamics.
- On-chain cost basis bands reveal strong demand as price nears key levels.
- Realized profits are up, but remain below previous ATH peaks, suggesting potential for further growth.
Read more in The Week On-Chain newsletter.