#Will
Will
The future simple tense can be used in a few different ways to describe things that have not
happened yet.
1- ♧ To predict something ♧
توقع حدوث اشياء قريبا
Examples:-
1 • I think it will rain today.
2 • Our team will win the game.
Note:-
We often use the future simple tense for simple predictions that are based on desires.
2- ♧ To make promises ♧
إعطاء وعود
Examples:-
1 • I will definitely come to the party. You have my word.
2- • I’ll wash the dishes later.
3- ♧ To describe a future fact ♧
وصف وقائع(حقائق) مستقبلية
Examples:
1 • The president will be in Portland tomorrow.
2 • I will drive to work tomorrow, if you want a ride.
4- ♧Unplanned actions or decisions♧
احداث غير مخطط لها مسبقا
We can also use the future simple when we decide to do something at the moment of speaking, rather than something that was already planned or decided.
Example:
• A: There’s no milk left.
• B: I will get some the next time I’m out.
♧ To offer to do something ♧
تقديم المساعدة
Examples:
1 • I’ll help you. Give me one of the bags and I will carry it for you.
2 • Don’t worry, I’ll pay for the coffee.
#Future_simple
Lesson nine:-
☆Future simple☆
زمن المستقبل البسيط
Key words:-
الكلمات الدالة على الزمن
Tomorrow, soon, next week (month, year, summer, Monday, weekend,...), in 2027, in a few minutes, in the coming days, etc.
Form:-
شكل الزمن
هناك شكلين لهذا الزمن
اما مع will
او مع going to
1- Positive sentence
الجملة المثبتة
Subject + will+ infinitive
Subject + is/ am/ are+ going to+ infinitive
Examples:-
1- She is going to drive to work today.
2- We will help with cooking.
2- Negative sentence
الجملة المنفية
Subject+ will+ not+ infinitive
Subject+ is/ am/ are+ not+ going to+ infinitive
Examples:-
1- You will not come, will you?
2- They aren't going to travel this year.
3- Interrogative sentence
الجملة الاستفهامية
We have two kinds of questions
1- Yes/ No questions
2- Wh- questions
1- Yes/ No questions that start with Will/ be going to
Examples:-
1- Will you help me move this heavy table?
2- Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
2- Wh- questions that start with words like what, where, when, why, and so on.
Examples:-
1- What are you going to do with this money?
2- How will you come home?
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#Past_perfect_continuous
Lesson eight:-
☆Past perfect continuous (progressive)☆
زمن الماضي التام المستمر
Key words:-
الكلمات الدالة على الزمن
All last night
All last week
All last month
All yesterday
All last year
All afternoon
All afternoon yesterday
All evening yesterday
From 2 o’clock to four
Since 5 pm
For a long time yesterday
Etc
Form:-
شكل الزمن
1- Positive sentence
الجملة المثبتة
Subject + had + been + past participle
Examples:-
1- We had been trying to open the door for five minutes when Jane found her key.
2- It had been raining hard for several hours and the streets were very wet
2- Negative sentence
الجملة المنفية
Subject+ had + not+ been + past participle
Examples:-
1- You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.
2- Anna failed the final test because she had not been attending class
3- Interrogative sentence
الجملة الاستفهامية
We have two kinds of questions
1- Yes/ No questions
2- Wh- questions
1- Yes/ No questions that start with Had
Examples:-
1- Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived?
2- Had you been reading that book for more than one year?
2- Wh- questions that start with words like what, where, when, why, and so on.
Examples:-
1- How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
2- Where had you been living before moving to Boston?
#Past_perfect
Lesson seven:-
☆Past perfect☆
زمن الماضي التام
Key words:-
الكلمات الدالة على الزمن
Before, when, because, until, by the time
Form:-
شكل الزمن
1- Positive sentence
الجملة المثبتة
Subject + had + past participle
Examples:-
1- When she arrived at the airport, she realized she had dropped her passport.
2- Emy and Ted were sad when they left the house they had lived in for so many years.
2- Negative sentence
الجملة المنفية
Subject+ had + not+ past participle
Examples:-
1- He had not had a book.
2- They had not done an exercise.
3- Interrogative sentence
الجملة الاستفهامية
We have two kinds of questions
1- Yes/ No questions
2- Wh- questions
1- Yes/ No questions that start with Had
Examples:-
1- Had Sam played hockey?
2- Had they been to Britain?
2- Wh- questions that start with words like what, where, when, why, and so on.
Examples:-
1- How had they met?
2- when had he left?
#Past_continuous
Lesson six:-
☆Past continuous (progressive)☆
زمن الماضي المستمر
Key words:-
الكلمات الدالة على الزمن
When, as and while
Form:-
شكل الزمن
1- Positive sentence
الجملة المثبتة
Subject + was/ were+ infinitive+ (ing)
A:- Singular nouns take was
B:- Plural nouns take were
Examples:-
1- We were busy working on our assignment when our parents came home.
2- As Steve was leaving, the phone rang.
2- Negative sentence
الجملة المنفية
Subject+ was/ were + not+ infinitive+ (ing)
Examples:-
1- Sama wasn't doing her homework when I came.
2- They weren't working for three months after quitting the job.
3- Interrogative sentence
الجملة الاستفهامية
We have two kinds of questions
1- Yes/ No questions
2- Wh- questions
1- Yes/ No questions that start with was/ were
Examples:-
1- Were you watching a film last night?
2- Was Susan working on her thesis at the time?
2- Wh- questions that start with words like what, where, when, why, and so on.
Examples:-
1- What were you doing while you were waiting?
2- How were your children getting along?
#Past_simple
Lesson five:-
☆Past simple☆
زمن الماضي البسيط
Key words:-
الكلمات الدالة على الزمن
Yesterday
three weeks ago
last year/ week/ month
in 2015
from March to June
for a long time
for 6 weeks
in the 1980s
in the last century
in the past
Form:-
شكل الزمن
1- Positive sentence
الجملة المثبتة
Subject + infinitive + ed (regular verb)
Subject + second form of the verb (irregular verb)
Examples:-
1- She went to the park yesterday.
2- I called my sister over an hour age, but she did not call back.
2- Negative sentence
الجملة المنفية
Subject+ did + not+ infinitive
Examples:-
1- Ahmed did not visit his parent last month.
2- They did not agree to the deal.
3- Interrogative sentence
الجملة الاستفهامية
We have two kinds of questions
1- Yes/ No questions
2- Wh- questions
1- Yes/ No questions that start with Did
Examples:-
1- Did you call me?
2- Did he come last night?
2- Wh- questions that start with words like What, Where, when, why and so on.
Examples:-
1- When did John start studying French?
2- What did you wear last night?
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#Going_to
Going to
In several of the cases we looked at above, we can use be going to in place of will.
في بعض الحالات يلي شفناها مع استخدام will يمكن ان نستخدم going to محلها
Examples:
• I think it is going to rain today.
• I am going to come to the party.
• The president is going to be in Portland tomorrow.
♧Going to for intended future actions♧
نستخدم going to للتعبير عن اشياء عزمنا على القيام بها. اي انا قمنا بالتخطيط مسبقا لما سنقوم به
Unlike the will construction, we do not use going to to describe unplanned decisions or
offers; instead, we use this construction to express intended, pre-planned actions, as in: 👇
Examples:-
1:-
• A: There’s no milk left.
• B: I’m going to get some the next time I’m out.
2:-
• A: I don’t have any cash.
• B: Don’t worry, I am going to pay for the coffees.
This is also the case if we use going to in one of our previous examples that described a future fact:
Examples:-
• I’m going to drive to work tomorrow, if you want a ride.
__When we used the will construction, we were describing something that is considered a
concrete fact; now, however, it expresses a planned intention.__
We can see this in other
examples as well: 👇
1 • She’s going to play soccer later.
(She has already decided that this is what she wants to
do later.)
2 • He is going to make a cake for us tomorrow.
(This is his plan of action.)
♧ We can also use going to when something is certain or very likely to happen, but not in the immediate future ♧
نستخدم going to عندما نكون متاكدين ان الحدث سيحدث ولكن ليس بالضرورة ان يحدث لحظه تحدثنا او بالمستقبل القريب. ربما يأخذ الحدث فترة من الزمن لحتى يحصل
Examples:-
• Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain.
(This is very likely due to the evidence of
the weather.)
• Hurry up! We’re going to be late.
(This is also evident and very likely. Although it will
happen soon, it will not happen immediately.)
Information
Note:-
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to."
Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably.
Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.
Usage:-
The future simple tense is used in a few different ways to describe things that have not happened yet—it can be used to predict something, to make promises, to describe a future
fact, to describe unplanned actions, or to offer to do something.
يستخدم زمن المستقبل البسيط للتحدث عن احداث او انشطة متوقع حدوثها بالمستقبل القريب
سنتطرق للشرح بمنشورات منفصله👇
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Usage:-
We use the past perfect continuous to express longer actions in the past before another action in the past.
يستخدم زمن الماضي التام المستمر للتعبير عن استمرار حدث قبل حدث اخر
1- ☆Started in the past and continued up to another action☆
بدأ في الماضي واستمر لوقت حدوث حدث اخر
Something that started in the past and continued up to another action or time in the past. The past perfect continuous tells us how long just like the present perfect continuous, but this time the action continues up to a point in the past rather than the present.
Examples:-
1- She had been working at that company for a year when she met James.
2- I had been walking for hours when I finally found the house.
2- ☆Finished just before another event in the past☆
حدث انتهى قبل حدوث حدث اخر بالماضي
Something that finished just before another event in the past. This is usually used to show a result at a time in the past. It's very similar to the present perfect continuous, but the action finishes before another time in the past, rather than finishing before the present.
Examples:-
1- The children had been playing and so the room was a mess!
2- I had been working before I saw you and that's why I was really tired.
Usage:-
The past perfect tense expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.
يستخدم زمن الماضي التام للتعبير عن زمن حدث في الماضي وانتهى قبل حدوث حدث اخر
1- ☆Completed Action Before Something in the Past☆
حدث منتهي الحدوث قبل حدوث حدث اخر
The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. We use the past perfect simple to talk about what happened before a point in the past. It looks back from a point in the past to further in the past.
Examples:-
1- I hadn't known the bad news when I spoke to him.
2- She had already told him before I got a chance to give him my version.
2- ☆Duration Before Something in the Past☆
We use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.
Examples:-
1- We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
2- By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
3- ☆Experience☆
يمكن استخدام زمن الماضي التام مع الخبرات
You can use the past perfect to talk about how an experience from the distant past relates to an experience from the more recent past.
Examples:-
1- The soldier wasn’t scared because he had already been in battle before.
2- I was sorry when the factory closed. I had worked there for ten years.
Usage:-
The past continuous is used to describe something that was in progress at a certain moment in the past.
يستخدم زمن الماضي المستمر للتعبير عن حدث في الماضي كان مستمر لفترة محدوده
١-☆Interrupted Action in the Past☆
حدث تم ايقافه / قطعه من قبل حدث اخر ( اي ان الحدث استمر معنا لفترة من الزمن ولكن حصل حدث اخر قام بايقافه او قطعه)
We use the past continuous for an action that was happening at the moment that a second action happened, or interrupted it. We use the past continuous for the action that was happening and the past simple for the second action that interrupted it.
Examples:-
1- I was listening to my iPod, so I didn't hear the fire alarm.
2- While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
2- ☆Parallel Actions☆
احداث موازية ( اي انه لدينا حدثين يحدثان في نفس الوقت)
Past continuous tense can be used to show that two actions were going on at the same time in the past.
1- Marc was making pizza while Anthony was watching him.
2- We were sitting outside while the planes were flying overhead.
Usage:-
We use the past simple to talk about an event that happened before now and is always completed and series of completed actions.
نستخدم زمن الماضي البسيط للتحدث عن اشياء حصلت بالماضي وانتهت او يستخدم للتحدث عن سلسة من الاحداث مكتملة الحدوث
1- ☆Completed Action in the Past☆
احداث انتهت بالماضي
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.
Examples:-
1- She came back last Friday.
2- I saw a movie yesterday.
2- ☆A Series of Completed Actions☆
سلسلة من الاحداث المنتهية بالماضي
We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.
Examples:
1- I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.
2- Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?
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