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India has been ranked 139 out of 149 countries in the list of UN World Happiness Report 2021 which is topped by Finland. In 2019, India was ranked 140th.
The Nordic nation is followed by Iceland, Denmark, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Sweden, Germany and Norway.
Pakistan is on 105th, Bangladesh on 101st and China on 84th, according to the report.
People in war-torn Afghanistan are the most unhappy with their lives, followed by Zimbabwe (148), Rwanda (147), Botswana (146) and Lesotho (145).
The World Happiness Report 2021, issued by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, focuses on the effects of Covid-19 and how people all over the world have fared.
The happiness study ranks the countries of the world on the basis of questions from the Gallup World Poll. The results are then correlated with other factors, including GDP and social security.
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What is the anti-defection law? @militarychoiceblog
The Tenth Schedule was inserted in the Constitution in 1985 by the 52nd Amendment Act and reinforced in 2002.
It lays down the process by which legislators may be disqualified on grounds of defection by the Presiding Officer of a legislature based on a petition by any other member of the House.
‘Defection’ has been defined as, “To abandon a position or association, often to join an opposing group”.
The law applies to both Parliament and state assemblies.
When can a member be disqualified?
If a member of a house belonging to a political party:
1. Voluntarily gives up the membership of his political party, or
2. Votes, or does not vote in the legislature, contrary to the directions of his political party.
However, if the member has taken prior permission, or is condoned by the party within 15 days from such voting or abstention, the member shall not be disqualified.
3. If an independent candidate joins a political party after the election.
4. If a nominated member joins a party six months after he becomes a member of the legislature.
However, Legislators may change their party without the risk of disqualification in certain circumstances:
1. The law allows a party to merge with or into another party provided that at least two-thirds of its legislators are in favour of the merger.
2. In such a scenario, neither the members who decide to merge, nor the ones who stay with the original party will face disqualification.
Decision of the Presiding Officer is subject to judicial review:
The law initially stated that the decision of the Presiding Officer is not subject to judicial review. This condition was struck down by the Supreme Court in 1992, thereby allowing appeals against the Presiding Officer’s decision in the High Court and Supreme Court.
However, it held that there may not be any judicial intervention until the Presiding Officer gives his order.
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Finance Commission of India | Qualifications & Its Functions - NCERT Notes - Military Choice - AFCAT CDS NDA & SSB Interview Material @militarychoiceblog
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100 Best Antonyms & Synonyms for NDA 1 2021 @militarychoiceblog
Haphazard - अनियमित
Synonyms: unplanned, unsystematic
Antonyms: systematic
Ingenious (adjective) - आविष्कारशील
Synonyms: creative, imaginative
Antonyms: unimaginative
Embark (verb) - प्रारंभ करना
Synonyms: start, commence
Antonyms: end
Ferocity (noun) - क्रूरता
Synonyms: brutality, barbarity
Antonyms: gentleness
Assent (verb) - सहमत होना
Synonyms: approve, bless
Antonyms: refuse
Rugged (adjective) - टिकाऊ
Synonyms: robust, sturdy
Antonyms: flimsy
Egregious (adjective) - चौंकानेवाला
Synonyms: appalling, horrific
Antonyms: marvelous
Mislay (verb) - गंवाना
Synonyms: misplace, loose
Antonyms: find
Defiance (noun) - प्रतिरोध
Synonyms: opposition, confrontation
Antonyms: submission
Conciliation (noun) - शांति
Synonyms: peacemaking, peacebuilding
Antonyms: provocation
Subdued (adjective) - विषादपूर्ण
Synonyms: low spirited, downcast
Antonyms: lively
Trite - घिसे-पिटे
Meaning: lacking originality or freshness
Synonyms: vapid, ordinary
Antonyms: imaginative, fresh
Impeccable - निष्कलंक
Meaning: free from fault or blame
Synonyms: faultless, flawless
Antonyms: imperfect, sinful
Ardent (adjective) : उत्साही
Meaning: Characterized by strong enthusiasm
Synonyms: Passionate, enthusiastic
Antonyms: apathetic, dull
Dissidence (noun) : मतभेद
Meaning: disagreement over a matter
Synonyms: contention, discordance
Antonyms: agreement, approval
Xenophobic (adjective) : अज्ञातजन भीति/ विदेशी द्वेश
Meaning: having or showing a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries
Synonyms: racist, ethnocentric
Antonyms: bountiful, lenient
Cloying - खुशामदी
Meaning: disgust or sicken (someone) with an excess of sweetness, richness, or sentiment
Synonyms: over the top, honeying
Antonyms: mild, good
Predicament (noun) : कठिन परिस्थिति
Meaning: A difficult, unpleasing or embarrassing situation
Synonyms: circumstances, crisis
Antonyms: advantage, benefit
Aboriginal मूल निवासी
Meaning: inhabiting or existing in a land from the earliest
times or from before the arrival of colonists
Synonyms: indigenous, naive
Antonyms: modern, new
Caustic - सख़्त
Meaning: extremely sarcastic or critical
Synonyms: mordant, destructive
Antonyms: safe
About the State Election Commission: @miltarychoiceblog
The Constitution of India vests in the State Election Commission, consisting of a State Election Commissioner, the superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for, and the conduct of all elections to the Panchayats and the Municipalities (Articles 243K, 243ZA).
The State Election Commissioner is appointed by the Governor.
As per article 243 the Governor, when so requested by the State Election Commission, make available to the State Election Commission such staff as may be necessary for the discharge of the functions conferred on the SEC by clause (1).
Under the Constitution, establishment of local self-government institutions is the responsibility of the states (entry 5, List II, Seventh Schedule).
Powers and removal of state election commissioner:
The State Election Commissioner has the status, salary and allowance of a Judge of a High Court and cannot be removed from office except in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of a High Court.
The ECI and SECs have a similar mandate; do they also have similar powers?
The provisions of Article 243K of the Constitution, which provides for setting up of SECs, are almost identical to those of Article 324 related to the EC. In other words, the SECs enjoy the same status as the EC.
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08 - 14 Mar 2021 - Weekly Current Affairs Notes
Must Read : Latest Defence Current Affairs Notes & Also Check: Best Book for Current Affairs
Bajrang Punia, the Indian wrestler, regained his world no. 1 position after he won a second gold medal at Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series.
The Maitri Setu Bridge between the two countries was inaugurated by PM Modi. It has been constructed over the Feni river between Tripura and Bangladesh.
Bollywood megastar Amitabh Bachchan will be awarded the 2021 Film Archive Award by FIFA. The award will be presented by the filmmakers Christopher Nolan and Martin Scorsese. The legendary filmmakers have themselves been the recipients of the prestigious honour.
Mithali Raj has become the first woman cricketer of India to score 10,000 international runs in all the formats. She has also become the second woman cricketer internationally to achieve this milestone after Charlotte Edwards of England.
The first-ever Quad leaders’ virtual summit took place on March 12, 2021. Quad is a strategic forum of four powerful economies- Japan, the US, India, and Australia.
India's ace shuttler PV Sindhu settled for a silver medal in the BWF Swiss Open Super 300 at Basel, as she went down against Carolina Marin, in the final of the women's singles event.
France launched its first military exercise in space this week to evaluate its ability to defend its satellites and other defense equipment from an attack.
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The bridge ‘Maitri Setu’ has been built over the Feni River which flows between the Indian boundary in Tripura State and Bangladesh.
The 1.9 Km long bridge joins Sabroom in India with Ramgarh in Bangladesh.
The construction was taken up by the National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd at a cost of Rs. 133 crores.
Feni is a river in southeastern Bangladesh and Tripura. It originates in the South Tripura district and flows through Sabroom town and then enters Bangladesh.
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List of Constitutional Bodies
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The amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Vijayanagara Empire. It is likely that many features of this sytem were derived from the iqta system of the Delhi Sultanate.
(i) The amara-nayakas were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the raya. The collected taxes and other dues from peasants.
(ii) The amar nayak retained part of the revenue for personal use and for maintaining a stipulated contingent of horses and elephants.
(iii) These contingents provided the Vijayanagara Kings with an effective fighting force with which they brought the entire southern peninsula under their control. Some of the revenue was also used for the maintenance of temples and irrigation works.
(iv) The amara-nayakas sent tribute to the King annually and personally appeared in the royal court with gifts to express their loyalty.
(v) Kings occasionally asserted their control over them by transferring them from one place to another.
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Important Facts About Universe - NCERT Notes @militarychoiceblog
Biggest planet: Jupiter
Biggest satellite: Ganymede (Jupiter)
Green planet: Uranus
Brightest planet: Venus
Brightest planet outside Solar system: Sirius (Dog star)
Coldest planet: Neptune
Planet with maximum number of satellites: Saturn (82)
Fastest revolution in solar system: Jupiter
Slowest revolution in solar system: Neptune
Slowest rotation in solar system: Venus
Smallest satellite: Deimos (Mars)
Only satellite with an earth like atmosphere: Titan (Saturn)
Time taken by moonlight to reach earth: 1.3 seconds
Rotation speed of sun with respect to poles: 33 days
Rotation speed of sun with respect to equator: 25.38 days
Astronomical unit means distance between: Earth and Sun
Revolution speed of Earth: 365 days 5hrs 45.52 seconds
Escape velocity of Earth: 11.2km/sec
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📰 Daily CA One Liners ,
📅 06 March 2021.
🤝 Kotak Mahindra Bank Signs MoU With The Indian Army For Salary AC
🏏 Rohit Sharma Became The 1st Opener To Score 1000 Runs In WTC
✅ Rohit Sharma Is The Fastest Asian Opener To 1000 Test Runs (17 Innings)
🚀 DRDO Successfully Conducted A Flight Test Of SFDR Technology
✅ SFDR : Solid Fuel Ducted Ramjet
👩🦰 Mamata Banerjee To Fight From Nandigram In WB Assembly Polls 2021
✅ WB Assembly Polls Will Be Held In 8 Phases Starting From 27 March
🤝 NPCI Partners With SBI Payments To Launch ' RuPay SoftPoS ' Solution
✅ NPCI : National Payment Corporation Of India
🏆 PM Modi Awarded With CERAWeek Global Energy & Environment Leadership Award
✅ CERAWeek Global Energy & Environment Leadership Award Was Instituted In 2016
✅ CERAWeek 2021 Is Being Convened Virtually From March 1 To March 5
✅ CERAWeek Was Founded In 1983 By Dr Daniel Yergin
✅ It Has Been Organized In Houston In March Every Year Since 1983
👤 Glenmark Pharma Signs Rohit Sharma As Brand Ambassador
👤 Dalda Vanaspati Ropes In Sanjeev Kapoor As Brand Ambassador
👤 Parimatch Signs Dale Steyn As Its Brand Ambassador
✅ 1st Consignment Of ' Red Rice ' Was Flagged Off To The USA From Assam
✅ Red Rice Variety Is Grown In The Brahmaputra Valley Of Assam
🏢 Udaipur Science Centre Was Inaugurated By Governor Ramesh Bais
✅ Udaipur Science Centre Has Been Developed At A Cost Of Rs 6Cr
✅ Developed By The National Council Of Science Museums
📊 11th Edition Of The QS World University Rankings Was Released
🔝 MIT-USA Retains Top Spot In QS World University Rankings 2021
🔰 IIT Bombay Ranked 172nd In QS World University Rankings 2021
🔰 IIS Bangalore Ranked 185th In QS World University Rankings 2021
🔰 IIT Delhi Ranked 193rd In QS World University Rankings 2021
🚀 SpaceX Successfully Tested Its Starship Prototype Rocket SN10
🔶 Australia Building World’s 1st Platypus Sanctuary
🤝 India Inks Pact With The Philippines For Sale Of Defence Equipment
🏆 WAN-IFRA Names The Hindu Group Champion Publisher Of The Year 2020
✅ WAN-IFRA : World Association Of News Publishers
🏆 Bihari Puraskar 2020 To Be Awarded To Mohankrishna Bohara
✅ For His Hindi Book Of Criticism , Titled Taslima : Sangharsh Aur Sahitya
✅ Bihari Puraskar Instituted By The K.K. Birla Foundation In 1991 .
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Countries in News (February 2021) @militarychoicebog
🌐Ethiopia
🔹Ethiopian Deputy PM and Minister of Foreign Affairs Demeke Mekonnen Hassen arrives in New Delhi on 4-day visit to India
➨Capital: Addis Ababa
➨Currency: Ethiopian birr
➨President: Sahle-Work Zewde
➨Prime minister: Abiy Ahmed
➨Central Bank: National Bank of Ethiopia
🌐Australia
🔹Foreign Ministers of India, Australia, Japan and US to meet today to discuss free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific region
🔹Facebook blocks Australian users from sharing or viewing news content
➨Capital: Canberra
➨Currency: Australian dollar
➨Prime minister: Scott Morrison
➨Central Bank: Reserve Bank of Australia
🌐Nepal
🔹India and Nepal sign MoU for reconstruction of six secondary schools in Himalayan Nation
➨Capital: Kathmandu
➨Currency: Nepalese Rupee
➨President: Bidya Devi Bhandari
➨Prime minister: K. P. Sharma Oli
➨Central Bank: Nepal Rastra Bank
🌐Mauritius
🔹India and Mauritius sign Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership Agreement
➨Capital: Port Louis
➨Currency: Mauritian rupee
➨Prime minister: Pravind Jugnauth
➨Central Bank: Bank of Mauritius
🌐Uzbekistan
🔹India and Uzbekistan agrees to strengthen multilateral cooperation.
➨Capital: Tashkent
➨Currency: Uzbekistani soʻm
➨President: Shavkat Mirziyoyev
➨Central Bank: Central Bank of Uzbekistan
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February, 2021 Important Current Affairs One Liners
Also Check Books for Current Affairs 2021
Tamil Nadu defeated Baroda by 7 wickets to win the second Syed Mushtaq Ali T20 Trophy in the final at the Sardar Patel Stadium in Ahmedabad.
The 13th edition of Aero India, Asia's biggest aerospace and defence exhibition, took off on 3rd Feb 2021 at the Yelahanka Air Force Station, Bengaluru.
Lieutenant General Chandi Prasad Mohanty took over as the Vice Chief of the Army Staff.
Indian-American Bhavya Lal was appointed by NASA as the acting chief of staff of the US space agency.
CBI Additional Director Praveen Sinha took charge as the acting chief of the agency.
Incumbent Ajay Singh was re-elected the Boxing Federation of India’s President. Singh is also the chairman of Spicejet airlines.
England skipper Joe Root became the first batsman to score a double hundred in his 100th Test appearance. He scored 218 against India in the ongoing Test match in Chennai.
Rashmi Samant has made history by becoming the first Indian woman to head the Oxford Students' Union.
Senior Congress leader Mallikarjun Kharge will be the Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha. He will replace Ghulam Nabi Azad, whose term ends on February 15.
Manasa Varanas from Telangana emerged as the winner of VLCC Femina Miss India World 2020. While Haryana’s Manika Sheokand was declared VLCC Femina Miss Grand India 2020, Uttar Pradesh’s Manya Singh was crowned VLCC Femina Miss India 2020 - runner-up.
India’s Department of Science and Technology (DST) had opened access to its geospatial data and services, including maps, for all Indian entities.
In Australian Open Tennis, Taiwan's 35-year-old Hsieh Su-Wei has become the oldest first-time quarterfinalist in a Grand Slam.
Indian spinner Ravichandran Ashwin became the first bowler to dismiss 200 left-handed batsmen in Test cricket. Ashwin also surpassed Harbhajan Singh with his 350th international wicket at home.
The American space agency NASA successfully landed its fifth rover 'Perseverance' on Mars in a deep crater near the planet's equator called Jezero.
Japan's Naomi Osaka defeated Jennifer Brady to win the Australian Open for her fourth Grand Slam title.
Tamilisai Soundararajan was sworn in as the Lt Governor of Puducherry. Ms. Soundararajan is the fifth woman to hold the post of Lt. Governor of Puducherry.
South Africa all-rounder Chris Morris became the most expensive buy in Indian Premier League (IPL) history as he was sold to Rajasthan Royals for Rs. 16.25 crore.
The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) has received the Asia Environmental Enforcement Award-2020 awarded by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
India’s Department of Science and Technology (DST) had opened access to its geospatial data and services, including maps, for all Indian entities.
Novak Djokovic defeated Russia's Daniil Medvedev in straight sets 5, 6-2, 6-2 to win his 9th Australian Open title.
The Sardar Patel Cricket Stadium in Motera is renamed as Narendra Modi Stadium. It is the biggest cricket stadium in the world.
Ishant Sharma becomes the only second Indian fast bowler after the great Kapil Dev to feature in 100 Test matches. Ishant made his Test debut back in 2007 against Bangladesh.
India off-spinner Axar Patel became the first bowler in history to take 11 wickets in a Day-night Test match.
India off spinner R. Ashwin became the fastest Indian bowler to 400 Test wickets. Ashwin has achieved this record in his 77th Test. Ashwin is only behind Sri Lanka's Muttiah Muralitharan (72 matches) in the list of fastest players to 400 wickets in Tests.
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Article 29: Protects the interests of the minorities by making a provision that any citizen/section of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture have the right to conserve the same.
Article 50: This article puts an obligation over the State to separate the judiciary from the executive. But, since this falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy, it is not enforceable.
Article 51: The State shall endeavour to -
(a) promote international peace and security;
(b) maintain just and honourable relations between nations;
(c) foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organized peoples with one another; and
(d) encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration
Article 75: It says that the council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
Article 78: This Article of the Constitution deals with the duties of the Prime Minister with respect to the furnishing of information to the President.
Article 80: As per this article, the President can nominate 12 members in the Council of States (Rajya Sabha). These persons should have special knowledge or practical experience in the field of Art, Science, Literature and Social Service.
Article 81: House of the People or Lok Sabha shall not consist of more than 550 elected members of whom not more than 20 will represent Union Territories.
Article 82: The Parliament enacts a Delimitation Act after every Census. Once the Act is in force, the Union government sets up a Delimitation Commission.
Article 93: The House of the People shall, as soon as may be, choose two members of the House to be respectively Speaker and Deputy Speaker thereof and, so often as the office of Speaker or Deputy Speaker becomes vacant, the House shall choose another member to be Speaker or Deputy Speaker, as the case may be.
Article 105: It deals with the ‘Parliamentary Privileges’ enjoyed by the Parliament as a whole and Members of Parliament (MPs) in their individual capacity.
Article 121: No discussion shall take place in Parliament with respect to the conduct of any Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court in the discharge of his duties except upon a motion for the removal of the Judge.
Article 123: It deals with the power of the President to promulgate ordinances to enact new legislations/amend existing legislations. This power is executed in 2 scenarios (i)If either one of houses of Parliamentis not in session, (ii) If both of the houses of Parliament are not in session
Article 130: The Supreme Court shall sit in Delhi or in such other place or places, as the Chief Justice of India may, with the approval of the President.
Article 131: It vests the Supreme Court with original jurisdiction over any dispute arising between the states or between the centre and state. The article gives the Supreme Court the power to take up such cases straight instead of going through a lower court or reviewing a lower court’s judgement.
Article 137: This article gave the Supreme Court of India the power to review any judgment pronounced or order made by it. The concept of the curative petition is supported by this article.
Article 142: The article allows the Supreme Court to pass any order necessary for doing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it.
Article 143: This article confers upon the Supreme Court advisory jurisdiction. The President may seek the opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law or fact of public importance on which he thinks it expedient to obtain such an opinion.
Article 153: There shall be a Governor for each state. The 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956 has facilitated the appointment of the same person as a governor for two or more states.
Article 161: The Governor of a State shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence against any law relating to a matter to which the executive power of the State extends.
The Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) is an 810 km stretch between the river Yamuna in the west and the river Bhagmati in the east. Comprises the Shivalik hills, the adjoining bhabhar areas and the Terai flood plains.
Bagmati River is a river in south-central Nepal and northern Bihar state.
The bhabhar is that part of the Indian Northern Plains where the rivers, after descending from the mountains, deposit pebbles. It is a narrow belt, having a width of about 8 to 16 km and lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks.
All the streams disappear in this bhabar belt. South of this belt, the streams and rivers re-emerge and create a wet, swampy and marshy region known as terai.
It is spread across the Indian states of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, and the low lying hills of Nepal.
It boasts of some of India’s most well-known Tiger Reserves and Protected Areas such as Corbett Tiger Reserve (Uttarakhand), Rajaji National Park (Uttarakhand), Dudhwa Tiger Reserve (Uttar Pradesh), Valmiki Tiger Reserve (Bihar). List of Biosphere Reserves in India
In total, the landscape has 13 Protected Areas, 9 in India and 4 in Nepal, covering a total area of 49,500 km2, of which 30,000km2 lies in India.
The forests are home to three flagship species, the Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris), the greater one horned rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus).
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A report on Global air pollution was released from IQ Air, a Swiss air quality technology company specialising in protection against airborne pollutants, and developing air quality monitoring and air cleaning products.
Delhi remained the most polluted capital city in the world but India, on the whole, had improved its average annual PM2.5 (particulate matter) levels in 2020 than in 2019,
India is the third most polluted country in 2020, unlike in 2019, when its air was the fifth most noxious.
Bangladesh and Pakistan were the countries in 2020 with worse average PM2.5 levels than India.
China ranked 11th in the latest report, a deterioration from the 14th in the previous edition of the report.
When ranked by cities, Hotan in China was the most polluted, with an average concentration of 110.2 μg/m³, followed by Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh at 106. Of the 15 most polluted cities, 13 were in India.
In the 2020 report, 106 countries were evaluated. The pollution levels are weighted averages, meaning that the population of a country influences the pollution values reported.
In 2020, 84% of all monitored countries observed air quality improvements.
However, of the 106 monitored countries, only 24 met the World Health Organization annual guidelines for PM 2.5.
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QUAD @militarychoiceblog
It is a four-nation alliance of India, Australia, USA and Japan which was established in 2007.
It is often dubbed as an "Asian" or "mini" NATO, and is viewed as a counterbalance to China's military and economic clout in the Indo-Pacific region.
The 2020 US-China Economic and Security Review Commission shows China's growing power projection along the Indian Ocean rim with military or economic activities in countries like Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Myanmar and Bangladesh.
Interestingly, the QUAD, which used to be known as the quadrilateral security dialogue, is now known as the quadrilateral framework to indicate it has gone beyond a narrow security dialogue.
Evolution:
The group, which began with an ambitious geostrategic vision 14 years ago, failed to take off initially due to hesitation among the four nations and objections by China.
In December 2012, Shinzo Abe again floated the concept of Asia’s “Democratic Security Diamond” involving Australia, India, Japan and the USA to safeguard the maritime commons from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific.
In November 2017, India, the USA, Australia and Japan gave shape to the long-pending "QUAD" Coalition to develop a new strategy to keep the critical sea routes in the Indo-Pacific free of any influence (especially China).
Since then, QUAD has taken several steps to bolster military and strategic ties with a series of working- and ministerial-level meetings.
Participation in Malabar Exercise:
In 2020, all four QUAD Countries - Japan, India, Australia and the USA took part in the Malabar exercise.
Malabar exercise is an annual trilateral naval exercise between the navies of India, Japan, and the USA which is held alternately in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
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March 2021 Important Current Affairs Notes @militarychoiceblog
Bajrang Punia beat Mongolia's Tulga Tumur Ochir in the final of the 65kg category to defend his title at the Matteo Pellicone Ranking Series in Rome. He reclaimed his no.1 rank with this win.
The Maitri Setu Bridge between the two countries was inaugurated by PM Modi. It has been constructed over the Feni river between Tripura and Bangladesh.
Bollywood megastar Amitabh Bachchan will be awarded the 2021 Film Archive Award by FIFA. The award will be presented by the filmmakers Christopher Nolan and Martin Scorsese. The legendary filmmakers have themselves been the recipients of the prestigious honour.
Mithali Raj has become the first woman cricketer of India to score 10,000 international runs in all the formats. She has also become the second woman cricketer internationally to achieve this milestone after Charlotte Edwards of England.
India's ace shuttler PV Sindhu settled for a silver medal in the BWF Swiss Open Super 300 at Basel, as she went down against Carolina Marin, in the final of the women's singles event.
The 78th edition of The Golden Globes took place today. Netflix’s historical drama The Crown bagged the highest number of awards.
Rajya Sabha TV and Lok Sabha TV have been merged and now it will be known as Sansad TV.
Six-time world champion pugilist Mary Kom has been appointed as the Chairperson of the International Boxing Association's (AIBA) Champions and Veterans Committee.
The Ease of Living Index 2020 has ranked Shimla & Bengaluru as the most livable cities in the country. The index was released by the Ministry of Urban and Housing Affairs. Bengaluru has been ranked first in the category of million-plus population and Shimla in less than a million category.
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What is the Finance Commission? @militaychoiceblog
The Finance Commission (FC) was established by the President of India in 1951 under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution.
It was formed to define the financial relations between the central government of India and the individual state governments.
The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 additionally defines the terms of qualification, appointment and disqualification, the term, eligibility and powers of the Finance Commission.
As per the Constitution, the FC is appointed every five years and consists of a chairman and four other members.
Since the institution of the First FC, stark changes in the macroeconomic situation of the Indian economy have led to major changes in the FC’s recommendations over the years.
Article 280 of the Indian Constitution defines the scope of the commission:
The President will constitute a finance commission within two years from the commencement of the Constitution and thereafter at the end of every fifth year or earlier, as the deemed necessary by him/her, which shall include a chairman and four other members.
Parliament may by law determine the requisite qualifications for appointment as members of the commission and the procedure of selection.
The commission is constituted to make recommendations to the president about the distribution of the net proceeds of taxes between the Union and States and also the allocation of the same among the States themselves. It is also under the ambit of the finance commission to define the financial relations between the Union and the States. They also deal with the devolution of unplanned revenue resources.
Important functions
Distribution of net proceeds of taxes between Center and the States, to be divided as per their respective contributions to the taxes.
Determine factors governing Grants-in-Aid to the states and the magnitude of the same.
To make recommendations to the president as to the measures needed to augment the Fund of a State to supplement the resources of the panchayats and municipalities in the state on the basis of the recommendations made by the finance commission of the state.
Any other matter related to it by the president in the interest of sound finance.
Members of the Finance Commission
The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 was passed to give a structured format to the finance commission and to bring it to par with world standards.
It laid down rules for the qualification and disqualification of members of the commission, and for their appointment, term, eligibility and powers.
The Chairman of a finance commission is selected from people with experience of public affairs.
The other four members are selected from people who:
Are, or have been, or are qualified, as judges of a high court,
Have knowledge of government finances or accounts, or
Have had experience in administration and financial expertise; or
Have special knowledge of economics
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Built in the 13th century, the Konark temple was conceived as a gigantic chariot of the Sun God, with 12 pairs of exquisitely ornamented wheels pulled by seven horses. It was built by King Narasimhadeva I, the great ruler of Ganga dynasty.
The temple was included in UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984 for its architectural greatness and also for the sophistication and abundance of sculptural work.
The temple is a perfect blend of Kalinga architecture, heritage, exotic beach and salient natural beauty.
It is protected under the National Framework of India by the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (AMASR) Act (1958) and its Rules (1959).
The Konark is the third link of Odisha’s Golden Triangle. The first link is Jagannath Puri and the second link is Bhubaneswar (Capital city of Odisha).
This temple was also known as ‘BLACK PAGODA’ due to its dark color and used as a navigational landmark by ancient sailors to Odisha. Similarly, the Jagannath Temple in Puri was called the “White Pagoda”.
It remains a major pilgrimage site for Hindus, who gather here every year for the Chandrabhaga Mela around the month of February.
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An Imperial Capital Vijayanagara - NCERT
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1 - 7 March 2021 Weekly Current Affairs Notes for UPSC CDS NDA AFCAT @militarychoiceblog
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The Union Health Minister launched the CSIR Floriculture Mission. The mission aims at focusing on the cultivation of flower crops, commercial floral crops, seasonal/floral crops, etc.
Six-time world champion pugilist Mary Kom has been appointed as the Chairperson of the International Boxing Association's (AIBA) champions and veterans committee.
The Captain of the Cricket Team of India Virat Kohli has become the first cricketer to hit 100 million followers. The skipper is also the fourth most followed sportsperson on Instagram.
The ISRO successfully launched PSLV C51 carrying 19 satellites, including Amazonia-1 of Brazil. The remaining 18 satellites were of the United States and India. The launch has also marked the first mission of New Space India Limited which is an Indian government company under the Space department.
Rajya Sabha TV and Lok Sabha TV have been merged and now it will be known as Sansad TV.
The Ease of Living Index 2020 has ranked Shimla and Bengaluru as the most livable cities in the country. The index was released by the Ministry of Urban and Housing Affairs. Bengaluru has been ranked first in the category of million-plus population and Shimla in less than a million category.
India's first auction of telecom spectrum in five years ended with ₹77,814.80 crore of airwaves being bought. Reliance Jio bought ₹57,122.65 crore worth of spectrum.
The Indian Desert Flag participated in the multinational exercise, Desert Flag, along with the United States of America, UAE, and France. The multinational exercise was also the first instance of India taking part in the air combat exercise on a multinational level. Desert Flag involved 10 countries and will also have Greece, Kuwait, Jordan, and Egypt as the observers.
The United Nations adopted an India-sponsored resolution and declared 2023 as an ‘International Year of Millets’.
Haryana passed a bill that reserves 75% of jobs in the private sector for the local people of the state. It will be applicable for jobs up to Rs. 50,000 and in case, the firm is not able to find a suitable candidate, they will be able to hire from outside but have to inform the government.
Indian wrestler Vinesh Phogat has won the gold medal in the women's 53-kg category at XXIV Outstanding Ukrainian Wrestlers and Coaches Memorial in Kyiv, Ukraine.
The Indian government has launched the Sugamya Bharat app for enhancing accessibility to the differently-abled. They will be able to register their accessibility-related problems in any form of infrastructures such as building or transport by posting a picture.
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The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has released the official notification for the civil services preliminary examination 2021. The UPSC prelims examination will be held on June 27.
The registration process has opened from March 4 and candidates can apply till March 24.
Eligibility criteria: The candidate has to be an Indian national for IAS and IPS posts. For others, they can be a citizen of India, Nepal, Bhutan, Tibetan refugee. Check more for in the official notification.
Age limit: A candidate must have attained the age of 21 years and must not have attained the age of 32 years. There is age relaxation for the reserved category.
Educational qualification: The candidate must hold a degree of universities incorporated by an Act of the Central or State Legislature in India or other educational institutions established by an Act of Parliament or declared to be deemed as a University Under Section-3 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956, or possess an equivalent qualification.
Official Notification
Apply Online
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Vijayanagar King Krishnadevaraya:
He was the ruler of the Tuluva dynasty of Vijayanagar empire (1509-29 AD).
His rule was characterised by expansion and consolidation.
He is credited with building some fine temples and adding impressive gopurams to many important south Indian temples.
He also founded a suburban township near Vijayanagar called Nagalapuram after his mother.
He composed a work on statecraft in Telugu known as the Amuktamalyada.
Vijayanagara Empire:
Vijayanagara or “city of victory” was the name of both a city and an empire.
The empire was founded in the fourteenth century (1336 AD) by Harihara and Bukka of the Sangama dynasty.
They made Hampi the capital city. In 1986, Hampi was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO.
It stretched from the river Krishna in the north to the extreme south of the peninsula.
Vijayanagar Empire was ruled by four important dynasties and they are:
Sangama
Saluva
Tuluva
Aravidu
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Note: that the Governor cannot pardon a death sentence.
Article 164(4): A Minister who for any period of six consecutive months is not a member of the Legislature of the State shall at the expiration of that period cease to be a Minister.
Article 174: The Governor shall summon the Legislative Assembly from time to time and may prorogue and dissolve the Legislative Assembly.
Article 179(c): A member holding office as Speaker or Deputy Speaker of an Assembly may be removed from his office by a resolution of the Assembly passed by a majority of all the then members of the Assembly.
Article 200: Gives the Governor the power to reserve a bill, passed by assembly or both the houses in case of a bicameral legislature, for the consideration of the President.
Article 213: This article empowers the governor to promulgate ordinance on an urgent matter and such ordinance shall have the same force and effect as an Act of Legislature of the State.
Article 222: It makes provision for the transfer of a Judge (including Chief Justice) from one High Court to any other High Court. The initiation of the proposal for the transfer of a Judge should be made by the Chief Justice of India whose opinion in this regard is determinative.
Article 243K: The superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to the Panchayats shall be vested in a State Election Commission consisting of a State Election Commissioner to be appointed by the Governor.
Article 244: The provisions of the Fifth Schedule shall apply to the administration and control of the Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in any State other than the States of Assam Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.
Article 247: Parliament may by law provide for the establishment of any additional courts for the better administration of laws made by Parliament or of any existing laws with respect to a matter enumerated in the Union List.
Article 262: Parliament may by law provide for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution or control of the waters of, or in, any inter-State river or river valley.
Article 311: Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of persons employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.
Article 317: Removal and suspension of a member of a Public Service Commission. Also Read: About UPSC, State PSC & Joint State PSC
Article 351: It shall be the duty of the Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India.
Article 361: The President or the Governor shall not be answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his office.
Article 365: If a State has failed to give effect to any directions given by the Union under any of the provisions of the Constitution, it shall be lawful for the President to hold that a situation has arisen in which the Government of the State cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. (President's Rule)
Article 371(A): No act of Parliament shall apply to the State of Nagaland in respect of the religious or social practices of the Nagas, its customary law and procedure, administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga customary law and ownership and transfer of land and its resources.
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Visakhapatnam-based Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL) is expecting an order from the Indian Navy by the year-end for building five mammoth naval support vessels with transfer of technology from a Turkish shipbuilding firm.
The project, estimated to cost between $1.5 billion and $2 billion, will involve transfer of technology from Anadolu Shipyard, part of the TAIS consortium of Turkey, with which HSL signed an agreement for technical collaboration last year.
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