-
This channel explains daily editorial covering indian express, Hindustan Times, Livemint and Hindu. You can reach to me for any query at @saurabhGSPaper2
Appointment of VC:- A VS is appointed by Chancellor as per the State University Act but w also know Education is in concurrent list therefore UGC has also its rules for the appointment of VC.
SC Judgement:-
In the first case of Gambhirdan Gadhvi VS State of Gujrat, SC cancelled the appointment of VC on the ground search committee did not form the panel for the appointment of VC. And this is not in accordance with UGC Regulation. Now here you may think. A VC is appointed by University act , then why SC said it is not as per UGC Regulations. SC said that State law is not above UGC Regulation.
In the second case Dr Sreejith VS Dr Rajsasree, court said search committee for the appointment of VC has recommended only one name, thus against UGC Regulation. Again SC gave same logic.
REASON FOR SUCH JUDGEMENT
If the provisions of State law comes in conflict with Union law, the state law will become void :- Article 254
Why SC is wrong in using Article 254?
1. Article 254 talks about laws of state and Union, but UGC has framed regulation not law for appointment of VC.
2. The rules and regulation made by UGC (Though it is framed by Parliament ie UGC Act) does not pass through the same process as state law passes through.
3. The article 13 define the meaning of law which is applicable to that article only. it does not include the rules, regulation for the purpose of article 254.
Analysis:
1. This is the first time Government has not accepted the recommendation of Finance commission. Ex:- Special grant to 3 (Karnataka, Mizoram, and Telangana) states to ensure that tax devolution in 2020-21 should not be less than 2019-20.
2. The GOI has proposed to treat off budget borrowings is the part of state budget and treating it as states borrowings and adjusting it as against borrowing limits under FRBM is against the rule.
3. Also centre is raising off budget borrowings but mainly for meeting revenue expenditure. But treating off budget borrowings of state corporation as state's borrowings is unjustified.
4. Focus on Cess and surcharges only: The share of cess and surcharge has increased from 13.5% to 20%.
Current Situation
1. Currently, the central and state governments finance over 75 percent of city infrastructure, while urban local bodies (ULB) finance 15 percent through their own surplus revenues.
2. Only 5 percent of the infrastructure needs of Indian cities are currently being financed through private sources.
#Indian society GS Paper 1
Context:- Online threat to women.
The main thrust of this policy regarding higher education is to end the fragmentation of higher
education by transforming higher education institutions into large multidisciplinary universities,
colleges, and HEI clusters/Knowledge Hubs.
1. A stage-wise mechanism for granting graded autonomy to colleges, through a transparent
system of graded accreditation, will be established.
2. Colleges will be encouraged, mentored,
supported, and incentivized to gradually attain the minimum benchmarks required for each level of
accreditation.
3. Over a period of time, it is envisaged that every college would develop into either an
Autonomous degree-granting College, or a constituent college of a university.
Hello students, New batch for answer writing is going to start from 6 th November in the mentioned programs. Admission has been started from today on our website www.ias360.in and you can also give us a call.
Only institute where faculties( vivek sir , myself and other faculties) are preparing questions, Model answers and evaluating your copies in front of you.
1. A gender-neutral definition of rape is required. Section 375 of IPC does not include men, hijras, and boys as the victims of rape and only considers women as victims of rape.
2. Sedition under Section 124 A
3. Section 57: Life Imprisonment as a punishment is at the discretion of the court as to the number of years. It depends more on the nature of the crime that has been committed. But, when it comes to the calculation of fractions of punishment, it is fixed for 20 years. This takes away the discretionary power of a judge and differences arise upon choosing the approach of giving punishments.
4. Forensic evidence
Forensic evidence should be made compulsory in criminal cases .
5. Laws On custodial Torture and death
6. Inquisitorial system of investigation
Countries like Germany and France follow the inquisitorial system of investigation, where a judge is actively involved in investigating the facts of the case, whereas we follow the adversarial system of investigation. Some of the points of the inquisitorial system of investigation can also be added to the present laws. Inquisitorial system of investigation has a high rate of conviction.
7. Inclusion of law relating to Match and spot-fixing:- Till now police investigate these cases under cheating but lack of legislation and other things associated with it, they fail to prosecute the alleged person.
Context:- Section 43D(2) of UAPA has been challenged. It permits the court to extend the remand of the accused by 90 days once satisfied with the report of public prosecutor.
Court said, now they will examine the extension of time period of remand based on following points:-
1. The report given by public prosecutor can be given to accused or not.
2. While granting remand, the court will see 3 things:- progress of the investigation, whether any further investigation is required to be done, and whether continued detention of the accused for further investigation is necessary.
3. Extension of remand of further 90 days OR as per the requirement of investigation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H4CDW-g3YLk&t=794s
Читать полностью…
#Governance gs Paper 2
Context:- Ela Bhatt departed but her work can never be.
She started SEWA that aims at the creation of effective employment support program for women.
👉SEWA has built over four dozen institute for the poor, by the poor and to empower women.
👉 SEWA bank was also established in 1974, to provide small loans to poor, a microfinance movement.
👉 It's network includes rah picker, vegetable vendor, embroiders etc and spread over 18 states in india and also to south africa and Latin America
#Polity GS paper 2
Context- Disqualification of Azam khan.
👇👇
So we all know there is EWS reservation. But undersatnd one thing:- Our reservation system is based on two aspects:- Vertical Reservation ie Reservation for SC/ST and OBC ie socially disadvantaged groups and other is Horizontal Reservation ie Reservation to women, Disbaled etc.
So, after EWS Reservation, this economically deprived class falls under Vertical reservation criteria ,But the problem is One can be SC and EWS and OBC and EWS at the same time, so there will be overlapping.
[To ab kya kiya jae]
Policy makers are knowledgable, so this 103rd amendment explicitely removed individuals who are eligible for SC,ST, OBC reservation from the scope of EWS.
[To problem kya hai? problem hai ki faltu ki battein court me]
Exclusion of SC/ST/OBC from the scipe of EWS Quota was challenged in the courtand G Mohan Gopal has made a "Compromise Formula" befor the SC that do nt exclude SC/ST /OBC from EWS quota.
So basically on this very aspect the authors have given their understanding that the implementation of this compromise formula will fail the entire system of filling vacancy for reservation in educational institutiona and in job.That is not requitred for UPSC Students
#Polity GS Paper 2
A very good article, talks about 3 things:-
1. Appointment of Vice chancellor
2. SC Judgement on appointment of Vice Chancellor.
2. Reason for such judgment lies in Article 245 of the constitution.
READ BELOW
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context:- Promise of cooperative federalism by this ruling govt is mere promise only.
#Governance GS Paper 2
A new World Bank report estimates that India will need to invest $840 billion over the next 15 years—or an average of $55 billion per annum—into urban infrastructure if it is to effectively meet the needs of its fast-growing urban population.
1. Women who are vocal and visible in the digital space, for example, celebrities, content makers, journalists, and activists, have become major targets of online violence.
2. The most common type involves sexually explicit hate comments, often objectifying women's bodies.
3. This leads to name-calling and labelling women as "prostitutes" or "cheap women" coming in front of the camera for views and money.
4. The attacks come in the form of moral policing.
5. Another less explicit but perhaps equally harmful tendency is to question women's credibility. This is specifically evident when they are discussing sexual harassment, domestic violence, rape, etc.
6. In short, this emerging form of online backlash is not only closing the digital space for women but also shrinking the civic space for promoting gender justice
#Governance gs Paper 2
Context:-Criteria for setting Eklavya model residential schools (EMRS)has been changed and Parliamentary standing committee on social justice considered this criteria as impractical and cumbersome.
What is EMRS?
Ans:- The idea of setting these schools was to build schools like kendriya vidyalaya and jawahar navodaya vidyalaya in tribal areas.
Revamped criteria:-
These schools will be set up in minimum land of 15 acre and in area where atleast 20000 ST population is living which constitute of 50% of total population in area.
Problem is :- This is very impractical criteria because they are scattered and don't live in single place so criteria of population is of no meaning. And also land acquisition is a major problem especially in left wing region, hilly areas etc.
The article talks about the importance of Autonomy in higher educational institutions as only 3 HEI has been named amongst top 200 in QS University Ranking.
If you will compare it with foreign universities, they have been granted autonomy in the terms of operations, finance ,staffing and academic. Ex:- European university commission has autonomy tool where one can compare the degree of autonomy the college have.
In India, HEI are funded by UGC and subjected to very strict regulatory regime.
NEP ON higher education:-
Consider the following statements:-
1.One can tweet maximum of 280 words at one time.
2. Blue tick feature was announced after Larry Bird ( NBA Star) made a pitch for designating celebraties seperately.
3. Project blue sky is an initiative to develop decentralised social network protocol.
Choose the correct answer:-
#Governance GS Paper 3
Context:- Government brought nformation Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 to regulate the content on social media platform and mandates the establishment of Grievance Appellate Committees for the same.
But Author is supporting the idea of Co-regulation, like Digital service act of EU because:-
1. Platforms will retain reasonable autonomy over their terms of service. Co-regulation will give them the flexibility to define the evolving standards of harmful content.
2. Co-regulation aligns government and platform. interests. Ex:- during the pandemic, platforms took varied measures to tackle disinformation.
3. Incentivising platforms to act as Good Samaritans will build healthy online environments.
4. It allows the state to outsource content regulation to platforms, which are better equipped to tackle modern content moderation challenges.
#Governance GS Paper 2
Context:- Kerala brought Criminal Law (Kerala Amendment) Bill, 2022 to amend section 292 A , which deals with the sale of obscene books, pamphlets, drawings, paintings. This amendment bill says it would also cover those who print or cause to be printed in any newspaper, periodical or circular.
From exam point of view, if We need an amendment in IPC,Tell me in which section you will bring changes:-
Consider the following statements:-
1. Coastal protection and development advisory is constituted by Ministry of shipping.
2. Shoreline change Atlas of the Indian coast is prepared by ISRO in collaboration with Department of water resources, river development and Ganda rejuvenation.
Which of the following is correct:-
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context:- SC has agreed to examine the first amendment act.
What was in this amendment act?
Ans:- Actually through this amendment, govt has introduced the word Public order and Incitement to an offence under article 19 (2), thus widening the scope of restriction on the right to free speech.
This has been though not supported by SC in Romesh Thapar case and Brij Bhushan case. But govt said Security of state is linked with maintanance of public order.
Hello students, New batch for answer writing is going to start from 6 th November in the mentioned programs. Admission has been started from today on our website www.ias360.in and you can also give us a call.
Only institute where faculties( vivek sir , myself and other faculties) are preparing questions, Model answers and evaluating your copies in front of you.
This article has not been written well, very confusing article.
Actually Azam khan has been disqualified after conviction in Inflammatory speech but Vikram singh saini has not been diqualified who was also convicted fro 2 years in jail for muzzafarnagar riots.
So the question comes in the mind why there is a difference, why Vikram singh has not been disqualified. (However this not true, read the below explanation )
For answer, Look that in section 8(1) of RPA, there are two types of criminal cases that attract disqualification.
If punishment is prison sentence then disqualification starts from date of conviction and will continue for 6 years after the release from jail. Ex:- making speech that cause enmity, rape and cruelty etc.
If punishment is fine, six year period will run from date of conviction. It means he will be disqualified for 6 years in this case but calculation of date will start from date of conviction.
All these is realted to section 8 (1).
But if you will read section 8 (3), it read as:- A sentence of at least two years in prison is needed for disqualification.
Ex:- regulation of acquisition, possession, storage, transport, distribution, disposal, use or consumption of any essential commodity.
OR
Sentenced for any offence. S0 vikram singh was convicted as per section 8 (3) and azam khan as per section 8 (1). So Mr azam is diqualified but it does not mean ,Mr Vikram will not be disqualified.
because section 8 (3) read as:- A person convicted of any offence and sentenced to imprisonment for not less than two years [other than any offence referred to in section (1) or section (2)] shall be disqualified from the date of such conviction and shall continue to be disqualified for a further period of six years since his release.]
#Polity GS Ppaer 2
Context:- Implementation of EWS Quota.
This article is very good from academic purpose, not for exam purpose. I will deal with those points that are relevant.
👇👇