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This channel explains daily editorial covering indian express, Hindustan Times, Livemint and Hindu. You can reach to me for any query at @saurabhGSPaper2
Quality council of India (Asked previously by UPSC)
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#Governance GS Paper 2
Context: Aadhar based payment system is being used now in disbursal of MGNREGA Wages.
This system utilises the Aadhaar number of the recipient to identify them for the purpose of transferring funds.
Benefits:
1. This system promotes transparency in wage payments and helps to prevent any unauthorised access.
2. It prevents any disruptions in workers’ wage payments caused by issues with their bank accounts.
Present usage:
As per the government data, 88% of the transfers in May ’23 were based on ABPS.
IMPORTANT CHANGES:
1. In IT Act 2000, Intermediary is defined as any entity between user and Internet but this draft bill specifies 3 different types of digital intermediaries: Social media intermediaries, significant social media intermediaries (SMI), online gaming intermediaries.
2. Online misinformation is currently not a legal offence in the country. The Digital India Bill aims to address these shortcomings.
3. The BILL is also considering to modify safe harbour provisions under Section 79, which gives social media companies legal immunity against the users’ content being posted on their platforms.
Challenges:
1. Definition of SMI is too broad that it can encompass email and matrimonial sites too.
2. The rules say all the intermediaries should respond within 72 hours if asked by law enforcement agencies to resolve the issues in digital space but it treats all like cloud service provider, e commerce platform ISP similarly.
3. The concern follows that persons/bodies might be reluctant to fact-check content that favours the government, which will happen in the case of compulsory registration. They may face sanctions — explicit or implicit.
What can done is to exempt micro and small enterprises relating to digital space from any major obligation and clearly distinguish between communication services and other forms of intermediaries.
#Polity Fundamental Rights GS Paper 2
Context: As i have discussed previously , that Doctrine of essentiality test applies to the religion and separate secular and religious matter related to the religion. Ex: Appointment of priest in temple is secular matter and now we also know state can interfere in religious reform in secular sphere.
Seshammal vs TN: Appointment of Acharya in temple is secular sphere and only performance of religious service by Acharya is essential practice of religion.
And also any person appointed as Acharya can be of any caste and can perform religious rituals.
N Adihtayan VS Travancore Devaswom Board: Rituals can be performed by any trained person qualified to perform the Puja in appropriate manner.
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Law Commission consultation on UCC has been protested by Tribal group in Jharkhand, Manipur and other NE States. We will understand the relation between Tribals and UCC :
#POLITY GS PAPER 2
Through ordinance Central Govt has constituted National capital service authority,
The NCCSA shall comprise the chief minister of the government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi as its chairperson, along with the chief secretary and the principal home secretary, who shall be the member secretary to the authority.
It will be responsible for transfer of and disciplinary proceedings against Group-A officers from the DANICS cadre.
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Review Plea
Under Article 137, the Supreme Court the power to review its judgments or orders. This provision forms the legal basis for the filing of a “review petition”.
Procedure
1. A review petition must be filed within 30 days of pronouncement of the judgment.
2. Except in cases of death penalty, review petitions are heard through “circulation” by judges in their chambers. They are usually not heard in open court.
3. Lawyers in review petitions usually make their case through written submissions, and not oral arguments. 4.The same judges who passed the original verdict usually also hear the review petition.
5. It is not necessary that only parties to a case can seek a review of the judgment on it. As per the Civil Procedure Code and the Supreme Court Rules, any person aggrieved by a ruling can seek a review.
Rankers Batch QIP Mains 2023 .pdf
Those who cleared prelims can join Ranker batch of Raus ias
/channel/saurabhPolity/8082
if u want to read more, open the above link
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Sedition law should not be scarpped, but should be provided with some procedural safeguards befre filing FIR in case of sedition (section 124-A).
NOT REPEAL:
1. "Threats exist to India’s internal security. Freedom of citizens can be ensured only when the security of the State is ensured."
2. It said that sedition was a reasonable restriction against Article 19(2) that permits the government to impose reasonable restrictions upon the freedom of speech and expression “in the interests of public order”.
3. The law commission also said that the law on sedition cannot be repealed just because it is a colonial-era law. "By that virtue, the entire framework of the Indian legal system is a colonial legacy."
Recommendation is: A provision like Section 196(3) of the CrPC may be incorporated as a proviso to Section 154 of CrPC, which would provide the requisite procedural safeguard before filing of an FIR with respect to an offence under Section 124A of IPC."
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Executive is dominant in our parliament, so better to say India is Executive Democracy not a Parliamentary Democracy.
A true parliamentary democracy and Whats happening in India:
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Hello all ongoing batches especially M-17 and M-18
You can see all the questions have been discussed line by line in examination. Yesterday I discussed about president and value of vote of MLA of UP, MP and all..
Direct questions from the class. Tomorrow I will discuss these questions
Which of the following statements is correct:-
1. None other than Dr Rajendra Prasad has occupied the office of president twice.
2. No president other than KR Narayanan has to pass the test of impeachment.
3. Chief justice Hidayatullah worked as President exactly after the death of Dr Zakir Hussain.
#Governance GS Paper 2
Context: National institutional ranking framework
Parameters
1. Teaching Learning & Resources
These parameters are related to the core activities of any place of learning.
2. Research and Professional
Practice: Excellence in teaching and learning is closely associated with the scholarship.
3. Graduation Outcome: This parameter forms the ultimate test of the effectiveness of the core teaching/learning.
4. Outreach & Inclusivity: The Ranking framework lays special emphasis on representation of women.
5. Perception: The ranking methodology gives a significant importance to the perception of the institution.
#Governance Data led Governance GS Paper 2
The govt has drafted Digital India Bill to replace IT Act 2000 to tackle emerging challenges such as harm, competition and misinformation in digital space.
1. In all personal customary laws, traditional dispute redressal mechanisms at the village or community level is still the core of tribal society even today.
2. In Meghalaya, a matrilineal society,mainly Garos, Khasis, Jaintias, in their culture the youngest daughter inherit the property from her mother. Mizoram has about 16 major tribes and a number of sub-tribes,the youngest son inherits the property.
3. Polygamy is practised here but Both the other wife or wives are given social recognition as per customary norms.Her offspring enjoys equal property right from the father.
4. Arunachal Pradesh : In this culture women has no property right over immovable assets. The eldest son plays a predominant role next to the father in all matters.But in practice the paternal family socially supports the deserted and helpless daughter and provide maintenance to resettle her.
5. Interesting aspect of tribal marriage is the system of bride price which materially differs from the other personal laws.It is commonly practiced amongst majority of the tribes. The bride price is given by boy's family to the girls side.
7. Divorce is an important aspect of marriage amongst the tribals although instance of divorce is rare amongst the tribes.Divorce is permitted but not common and the recognized grounds may be infidelity, barrenness, cruelty but not strictly defined.
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Competition commission of India imposed a penalty of 591 crore on Coal India Limited for supplying lower quality of coal at higher prices and creating opaqueness in contract about supply parameters and quality.
CCI said CIL operated independently of the market forces and enjoyed dominance in relevant market.
CIL argued that they have secured Monopoly under Nationalisation act 1973, but CCI said now Nationalisation act is removed from Ninth schedule and coal is not essential commodity now, and thus comes under CCI.
Court agrees with CCI
#polity GS Paper 2
Context: Regulatory body for drugs failed in India as highlighted in:
1. Death of 70 children in Gambia because of the use of Diethylene glycol in place of Propylene glycol.
2. Death of a person in Sri Lanka after using anesthetic drugs.
Drug regulator in India
The drug controller general of India is the head of the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation.
The CDSCO is the Central Drug Authority under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.
CHALLENGES:
1. Absence of unified and interoperable labeling and identification standards.
2. Lack of adequate testing facilities, inspection, and monitoring mechanisms.
3. Absence of comprehensive databases to track and record violations, history, etc.
4. Non-scientific classification of offence: States do not prosecute dissolution, disintegration, or impurity failures because they deem them minor offense.
5. Competition amongst States: They issue manufacturing licences without looking into whether Good Manufacturing Practices are being followed.
#Polity GS Paper 2
Good Example of Cooperative Federalism where Punjab has agreed to supply Rice for Karnataka Anna Bhagya Scheme.
Under the scheme State plans to increase the quantity of free rice to a person.
PM SVANIDHI SCHEME:
It is a Central Sector Scheme i.e., fully funded by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs with the following objectives:
1. To facilitate working capital loan
2. To incentivize regular repayment
3. To reward digital transactions
▶️Microfinance Institutions, Non-Banking Financial Company, Self Help Groups have been allowed to become Lending agencies.
▶️The Scheme is available for beneficiaries belonging to only those States/UTs which have notified Rules and Scheme under Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014.
#Polity GS Paper 2
Context: Appointment of Vice chancellor
In the state universities, the Governor of the state is the ex-officio chancellor of the universities in that state.
While as Governor he functions with the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers, as Chancellor he acts independently of the Council of Ministers and takes his own decisions on all University matters.
According to the University Grants Commission (UGC) Regulations, 2018, the VC of a university, in general, is appointed by the Visitor/Chancellor, from a panel of three to five names recommended by the duly constituted Search cum Selection Committee.
Where there is a conflict between the State University Act and the UGC Regulations, 2018 to the extent State legislation is repugnant, the UGC Regulations, 2018 shall prevail.
1. The executive needs majority in parliament to bring their agenda and thus intra pary dissent becomes important in such scenerio.
But in India after Anti defection law, there is no space for dissent. And the purpose for which it has been introduced to check horse trading and crossing the floor has also not been echieved.
2. Sometines in true parliamentary democracy, members of ruling party join the opposition to defeat unpopular bills like in UK Brexit time.
But in India, position of Opposition leader has always been in question since independence. There was a lack of clarity on the definition of Leader of Opposition till 2016-2017.
3. In Parliamentary Democracy, interest of Parliament against the executive are represented by Speaker But in India, Speaker does not resign after getting elected to the house and it has following effects:
a. Allegation on speaker that he uphold the interest of ruling party like terming finance bill as Money bill, suspension of the member etc .
4. True Parliamentary democracy represents real role of Second house (Rajya sabha) rather than bypassing it by passing ordinance like in India.
I am sharing 'ANSWER KEY POLITY UPSC 2023 BY SAURABH KUMAR' with you
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Who among the following take the oath of Defending the constitution and law:-
A. President
B. Chief justice of India
C. Attorney General of India
D. Judges of both supreme court and High court
The Paris Principles (‘Principles Relating to the Status of National Human Rights Institutions’) set out the minimum standards that NHRIs must meet in order to be considered credible and to operate effectively.
The key pillars of the Paris Principles are pluralism, independence and effectiveness.