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✅ ministry of culture : Over 1.5x increase in Budget Allocation in last 9 years
✅15 Tourism Circuits being developed under Swadesh Darshan click here
✅899 km of National Highway to be developed under the Char Dham Connectivity Programme. Click here
Sustained Revenue Buoyancy Over The Last Two Years
✅The revenue receipts in India experienced strong growth in FY22, rebounding from the decline in FY21 during the pandemic. The growth was driven by an increase in the collection of major direct and indirect taxes (excluding excise duties) in FY22.
✅The momentum of revenue growth has continued into the current year with a YoY growth of 15.5% in Gross Tax Revenue and 7.9% in Net Tax Revenue to the Centre after assignment to states from April to November
2022.
✅The sustained growth in revenue receipts in India is due to the resilience of the country's economic growth, as well as the government's effective efforts to expand the tax base and improve tax compliance.
✅The introduction of GST and the digitalization of economic transactions have formalized the economy, resulting in an expanded tax net.
✅Other measures, such as the Faceless Assessment and Appeal, simplification of return filing, generation of e-way bills under the GST system and use of technology and artificial intelligence, have encouraged higher tax compliance and contributed to the growth in revenue.
APJ Abdul Kalam’s family became poor due to business failure. At an early age he sold newspapers to supplement his family's income. In his school years, he had average grades but had a strong desire to learn. He used to spend hours studying. He worked very hard, but still, he missed out on fulfilling his dream of becoming a fighter pilot. Later he joined Aeronautical Development Establishment of DRDO as a scientist. After he was transferred to ISRO, where he was the project director of India's first satellite vehicle launch. It was his great talent that make the missile man of India. He served as the 11th President of India. No matter what high position he held, he always called himself a teacher. He believed in removing poverty and converting religion into spirituality among the solutions to solve the world's problems. He taught people to stay connected with everyone and spread positive thoughts. He taught youth to take responsibility and work towards development with integrity and dedication. It was not his words but his personality that spoke. He was an ordinary man but of extraordinary character. This is a rare combination. He reached various destinations in life, met many men, gave the best to them and moved on.
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🔆Death Penalty in India Report:
✅Death Penalty in India Report is published by Project 39A.
✅Project 39A is a criminal law reforms advocacy group at the National Law University, Delhi.
✅It is inspired by Article 39A of the Constitution of India.
✅Article 39A of the Constitution of India provides for free legal aid to the poor & weaker sections of the society and ensures justice for all.
▪️Major Highlights of the Death Penalty in India Report 2022:
✅The trial courts across the country imposed 165 death sentences in 2022, which is the highest in a single year in the last two decades.
✅Also, 539 prisoners were on death row by the end of 2022, which was the highest since 2016.
✅The large death row population signals the continued imposition of a high number of death sentences by trial courts with a low rate of disposal by appellate courts.
✅The highest number of people on death row were in the states of Uttar Pradesh (100), Gujarat (61), Jharkhand (46), Maharashtra (39) & Madhya Pradesh (31), the report said.
Mangrove Cover in India
✅According to the India State of Forest Report, 2021, the mangrove cover in India is 4,992 sq. km, which is 0.15% of the country’s total geographical area
✅ About 40% of the world’s mangrove cover is found in South East Asia and South Asia.
✅India has about 3% of the total Mangrove cover in South Asia.
✅ West Bengal accounts for the highest 42.45% of India's mangrove cover, followed by Gujarat at 23.66% and Andaman and Nicobar Islands at 12.39%.
✅ Sundarbans in West Bengal is the largest mangrove forest region in the world.
✅ The 2nd largest mangrove forest in India is Bhitarkanika in Odisha.
Children
✅ The Global Threat Assessment report 2021, by WeProtect Global Alliance, said COVID-19 had contributed to a significant spike in child sexual exploitation and abuse online.
🔸The findings show that in the past two years, the reporting of child sexual exploitation and online abuse has reached its highest level.
🔸 ‘COVID-19 created a ‘perfect storm’ of conditions that fuelled a rise in child sexual exploitation and abuse across the globe,’ it stated
✅Child labour has decreased by 38% globally in the last decade, according to International Labour Organization (ILO). But over 152 millionchildren are still in the grip of this social evil,the eradication of which isone of the UN Sustainable Goals.
✅ According to UNICEF, India has over 30 million orphaned and abandoned children.
✅80% of working children live in India's villages, where most of them work in agriculture.
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I think the environment should be put in the category of our national security. Defense of our resources is just as important as defense abroad. Otherwise what is there to defend?
Robert Redford
#environment
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India has 18% of the world’s population but only 4% of its water resources (total 4,000 BCM through rain, glaciers, etc., out of which only half is usable), which is a fast-depleting natural resource as a result of global warming and wastage.
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The revenue of the Indian mobile gaming industry is expected to reach $5 billion in 2025.
The industry grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 38% in India between 2017-2020 = 8% in China and 10% in the US.
✅ India ranked 3rd globally in terms of number of Startups (84,012) and no of UNICORNs (107)
✅ Ranked 3rd globally in terms of number of publications in SCI journals
✅ Ranked 3rd globally in terms of number of PhDs awarded in Science and Engineering
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The domestic finished steel production stood at 78.090 million ton (MT) against 73.02 mt during corresponding period last year which is 6.9% higher than CPLY. The domestic consumption was at 75.340 mt, which is 11.9% higher to CPLY of 67.32 mt.
Domestic crude steel production stood at 81.96 mt and was up by 5.6% over same period last year of 77.58 mt.
According to the International Organisation of Migration’s (IOM) World Migration Report 2022,
✅There were 281 million international migrants globally in 2020, with nearly two-thirds being labour migrants.
✅While there were 169 million labour migrants in 2019, the figure touched 164 million in 2020.
✅In the larger pool of migrants, South Asia’s share is nearly 40% and South Asia-Gulf Migratory corridor being the world’s largest migrant corridor.
✅Factors responsible for migration: Long-term data on international migration show that migration is shaped by economic, geographic, demographic and other factors, resulting in distinct migration patterns, such as migration corridors developed over many years.
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✅As in 2021 – 38.4 million people were living with HIV, out of which 1.7 million were children and 54% of all were women and girls.
In 2021, as per the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
✅6,50,000 people died of AIDS-related diseases.
✅5 million people became newly infected– 4,000 new infections every day
Number of people on HIV treatment increased by only 1.47 million in 2021, compared to net increases of more than 2 million people in previous years.
✅Global context: Out of all people living with HIV, 85 per cent knew their status, 75 per cent were accessing treatment and 68 per cent were virally suppressed in 2021.
✅Indian context: According to UNAIDS, an estimated 2.4 million people were living with HIV in India in 2021 (including 70,000 children).
Out of these 1.9 million or 77 per cent knew their HIV status; 1.6 million (or 65 per cent) were on life-saving antiretroviral therapy; and 1.3 million (55 per cent) had suppressed viral load.
63,000 people were newly infected with HIV in 2021 in India – 173 new infections every day or seven infections every hour.
There were 42,000 AIDS-related deaths in 2021 (5 deaths every hour)
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India – China Trade Relationship:
✅According to data from the data from the Commerce Ministry, the total merchandise trade between India and China rose 34% to $115.83 billion in the 12 months to March 2022.
✅China is India's largest trade partner for the year 2022.
🔸India’s major imports from China are - Electronic goods ($35.4 billion), engineering goods ($24.9 billion), chemicals and related products worth $19.6 billion, other manufactured goods ($8.3 billion), and textiles ($2.8 billion).
🔸India's major exports to China include : Engineering goods ($5.4 billion), agricultural and allied products ($3.8 billion), ores and minerals ($2.9 billion), chemicals and related products ($2.9 billion), and petroleum and crude products ($1.9 billion).
✅Traditionally, India imports more from China than it exports, thus India's trade balance in 2021 stood at negative $65.05 billion
#IR
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According to the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) 2017-18, there are 24.2 per cent of people aged 60 years and above and 12.1 per cent people aged 45-59 years of age who have claimed poor self-rated health conditions.
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✅State governments improved their finances in FY22, reducing their Gross Fiscal Deficit (GFD) from 4.1% of GDP in FY21 to 2.8% in FY22. However, due to geopolitical uncertainties, the GFD-GDP ratio is budgeted at 3.4% for FY23.
✅According to the FY23 budget estimates of state governments, the combined own Tax revenue and own Non-
Tax revenue were expected to grow by 17.5% and 25.6% respectively over FY22 RE. On the expenditure side, revenue and capital expenditures were projected to grow by 10.4% and 16% respectively over FY22 RE.
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✅The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) scheme has been rapidly creating more assets in respect of “Works on individual’s land” than in any other category. Its share rose to about 60 per cent in FY22. Besides generating daily wage employment, it has also been creating assets for individual households to diversify their sources of income and lift their supplementary incomes.
✅ Schemes like PM-KISAN, which benefits households covering half the rural population, and PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana have signif-icantly contributed to lessening impoverishment in the country.
✅ In addition, the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) in India shows improved rural welfare indicators from FY16 to FY20, covering aspects like gender, fertility rate, household amenities, and women empowerment.
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ASER report
✅Enrollment rate increased from 97.2% in 2018 to 98.4% in 2022
✅The share of government school enrollment increased from 65.8% in 2018 to 72.9%
✅Over 8500 private school shut down from 2020 to 2022
✅The students availing private tuitions in rural region increased to 30.5% from 26.4%
✅Basic reading dropped to pre 2012 level
✅Only 30% of students in Class III in government school could read Class I text compared to 37% in 2018
✅The proportion of rural households with smartphones were doubled from 36% to 74.8%
size and geographical distribution of the Indian diaspora?
✅According to the Parliamentary committee on external affairs, there were 7 crore Indians (NRIs - 1.35 crore, PIOs - 1.87 crore, OCIs, and students) living overseas (as on December 31, 2021). Excluding students, the number stands at 3.22 crore.
✅According to the World Migration Report, prepared by the International Organisation for Migration under the United Nations, India has the largest emigrant population in the world, making it the top origin country globally, followed by Mexico, Russian and China
The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in the world that must support life but in living tissues is for the most part irreversible. In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister and little-recognized partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world-the very nature of its life.
Rachel Carson
#environment
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India’s position in academia is disappointing.
According to available UNESCOdata on some selected countries, India is at the lowest position, having only 14% female researchers work ing in STEM areas. But India is not very far behind many advanced countries in this aspect. For example, Japan ha only 16% female researchers, the Netherlands 26%, the United States 27% and the United Kingdom 39%.
#Women
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Indian Pharmaceutical Sector
✅ According to the Economic Survey of 2020-21, the Indian pharmaceuticals sector is expected to expand multifold and become a $ 130 billion industry by 2030, while medicine spending is projected to grow rapidly too, leading India to become one of the top 10 countries in terms of such expenditure.
✅Potential of Pharma sector: The Indian pharmaceutical industry, valued at $41 billion, is expected to grow to $65 billion by 2024 and $120-130 billion by 2030, noted the new Economic survey.
✅ Rise in exports: Indian pharma exports have registered a growth of 103 percent since 2013-14. This happens to be Pharma Sector’ best export performance ever till 2021-22.
✅ Positive growth: Drug formulations, biologicals have consistently registered positive
growth and the highest increase in absolute terms in recent months.
This led to a rise in its share to 7.1 percent in April-November 2020 from 5 percent in April-November 2019, making it the second-largest exported commodity among the top 10 export commodities.
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World Bank: estimates extreme poverty levels to reach 150 million people by 2021(around 9.5% of global population). Extreme poverty is defined by the World Bank as living below $1.90 per day
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According to the latest report of the Central Pollution Control Board, Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) in India are able to treat a little more than a third of the sewage generated per day.
India generated 72,368 MLD (million litres per day) whereas the installed capacity of STPs was 31,841 MLD (43.9%).
5 states and Union Territories (UT) - Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Karnataka - account for 60% of the total installed treatment capacity of the country.
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🔆The pharmaceutical industry in India
✅The Indian Pharmaceuticals industry plays a prominent role in the global pharmaceuticals industry.
✅India ranks 3rd worldwide for production by volume and 14th by value.
✅India is the largest provider of generic medicines globally, occupying a 20% share in global supply by volume.
✅The pharmaceutical industry in India offers 60,000 generic brands across 60 therapeutic categories.
✅It is the leading vaccine manufacturer globally. 60% of the world’s vaccines comes from India.
✅ 100% FDI in the Pharmaceutical sector is allowed under the automatic route for greenfield pharmaceuticals.
✅100% FDI in the pharmaceutical sector is allowed in brownfield pharmaceuticals; wherein 74% is allowed under the automatic route and thereafter through the government approval route.
✅The pharmaceutical industry in India is currently valued at $50 bn. It is expected to reach $65 bn by 2024 and to $120 bn by 2030.
✅India is a major exporter of Pharmaceuticals, with over 200+ countries served by Indian pharma exports.
✅India supplies over 50% of Africa’s requirement for generics, ~40% of generic demand in the US and ~25% of all medicine in the UK.
✅For the period 2021-22, export of drugs and pharma products stood at $24.6 bn compared to $24.44 bn as of 2020-21.
✅The Indian pharma industry witnessed exponential growth of 103% during 2014-22 from $11.6 bn to $24.6 bn.
National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-21):
✅32% of ever-married women aged 18-49 years have ever experienced emotional, physical, or sexual violence committed by their husbands, with more rural than urban women reporting experiences of domestic violence. This does not even capture the prevalence of violence by other family members too.
✅Seeking help: The NFHS- 5 reports that only 14% of women who have experienced domestic violence have ever sought help, and this number is much lower in rural areas.
✅Justification of violence: So ingrained are social norms about gender inequality that NFHS-5 data reports that women are more likely than men to justify a scenario in which it is acceptable for a husband to beat or hit his wife.
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India is the second biggest consumer of fertilizer in the world next only to China.
The India Fertilizers Market stood at 28.56 billion USD in 2022 and is projected to register a CAGR of 6.25% to reach 41.08 billion USD in 2028.
Pendency of cases in India
✅Over 4.7 crore cases are pending in courts across different levels of the judiciary.
✅Of them, 87.4% are pending in subordinate courts, 12.4% in High Courts, while nearly 1,82,000 cases have been pending for over 30 years.
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🔆Dowry cases in India
✅Union Home ministry while replying to parliament in a discussion said that as per NCRB data 20 women killed every day for dowry in India between 2017-21
✅Up recorded the highest number of such cases followed by bihar , MP , bangal and rajasthan