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According to the United Nations, over two billion people live in countries experiencing high water stress.
#water
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According to the state Water Resources Department, Rajasthan, the largest state of India with a geographical area of 342.52 lakh hectares which amount to 10.4 per cent of the entire country, holds only 1.16 per cent of India’s surface water and 1.72 per cent of groundwater.
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There is an increasing trend in the number of cases of diphtheria globally, as the number of cases in 2018 (16,651) was double the 1996–2017 average (8,105). Relevant to India is the statistic that 50% of the cases that came up in 2018 were in India.
Source
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A mosquito protein, called AEG12, strongly inhibits the family of viruses that cause yellow fever, dengue, West Nile, and Zika, and also weakly inhibits coronaviruses, according to scientists at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and their collaborators.
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🔆The Index of Industrial Production (IIP)
✅ IIP measures variations in the production volume of a basket of industrial goods during a month period.
✅It calculates the data of eight core sectors .
✅The Eight Core Industries comprise 40.27 per cent of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP).
🔸 Refinery products (28.04%)
🔸Electricity (19.85%)
🔸 Steel (17.92%)
🔸 Coal (10.33%)
🔸 Crude oil (8.98%)
🔸 Natural gas (6.88%)
🔸Cement (5.37%)
🔸 Fertilisers (2.63%)
✅ Index of Eight Core Industries is released by Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
Source
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As per census data from 2011, 65.1% of the total female workers (main and marginal workers) in the country are involved in agriculture.
Women form 32.9% of the total cultivators, 38.9% of the total agricultural labourers and 39.02% of the total agricultural
workers.
Source: Census 2011.
According to NITI Aayog, currently, 600 million Indians face high to extreme water stress and about two lakh people die every year due to inadequate access to safe water. Also, number of waterbodies is declining rapidly, e.g., in 1960s Bangalore had 262 lakes and now, only 10 hold water.
#Water_Scarcity
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Fewer cases of tuberculosis (TB) were notified in 2020 because of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and this led to half a million excess deaths from the disease globally, according to data released by World Health Organisation March 21, 2021
#health
Source
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According to the United Nations, around 43 per cent of the 6,000 languages spoken in the world are at the risk of being eliminated. The UN also says that a language disappears every two weeks, which destroys an entire cultural and intellectual heritage.
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According to National Health Accounts, 2017, 66 per cent of spending on healthcare is done by the states. India ranks 179th out of 189 countries in prioritization accorded to health in its government budgets
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While India has attained a literacy level of almost 96 per cent at the elementary school
level, it is still behind in achieving 100 per cent literacy. As per National Sample Survey
(NSS), the literacy rate of persons of age 7 years and above at the All India level stood at 77.7 per cent
#education
Source economic survey
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According to FAOSTAT production data (2019), India ranks 3rd in egg production in the world. The egg production in the country has increased from 78.48 billion in 2014-15 to 114.38 billion in 2019-20.
#Economicsurvey
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India, the world’s third biggest oil importer and consumer, imports about 84% of its overall crude needs with over 60% of that coming from Middle Eastern countries, which are typically cheaper than those from the West.
Source
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More than 81% account holders are women under Stand Up India scheme
✅MUDRA:68% of loan accounts belong to women entrepreneurs
✅PMJDY:23.21 crore accounts out of 41.93 crore accounts belong to women
#women
#mains
https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetail.aspx?PRID=1703083
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India accounts for 14% of global tea exports and nearly 20% of the tea produced in the country is exported, according to Tea Board India.
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Durga Shakti Nagpal: The 2010-batch IAS officer had a tryst with land-related corruption during her training period in Punjab and was exposed to a land scam. She was soon appointed as a
Sub-Divisional Magistrate in Gautam Buddh Nagar in Greater Noida. However, at the time she joined, illegal sand mining was wreaking havoc in the lives of the poor farmers. In the wee hours of midnight, the mafia would dredge the land to procure sand for construction. This, in turn, reduced the ground levels, making the area prone to floods. Field after field of crop was devastated from the mining operations, but the farmers could not raise a voice against the powerful criminals. The miners had struck gold by smuggling sand, causing an irreparable loss to the state treasury. But, it was almost impossible to lay a finger on them. They were established as the local power lords who controlled the law of the land. The average villager dreaded crossing their path. Theft, extortion, harassment, and even murder were reported regularly. When 27-year-old Nagpal first learnt about the problem, she decided to take a bold stance against the crime, notwithstanding the personal risk. To catch hold of the culprits in action, Nagpal arranged midnight raids in the deserted lands. From 2-3 a.m. every day, she would monitor these areas with her trained armada. She and her team saw trucks, and caught hold of the drivers. Through them, she reached the bigwigs. During the day, she approached the local public to call her whenever they spotted or suspected any illegal activities. Many came forward with genuine leads, overcoming their fears.
The raids continued for around two weeks, during which time Nagpal managed to put over 90 miners behind bars. She also recovered around Rs 150 crore of royalty
#ethics
#example
#power
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According to the agreement the U.S. signed with the Taliban in February 2020, American troops are set to leave Afghanistan by May 1. The Taliban and the Afghan government started peace talks in Doha in September last year but reached no breakthrough.
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✅India imports 85% of its oil needs.
✅The Middle East accounts for 60% of all oil bought by India while Latin America and Africa are the other big supplier blocks.
✅ India is the world’s third-largest consumer of oil.
Source
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According to the report, India is estimated to record an economic growth of 7% in 2021-22, over a contraction of 7.7% witnessed in the previous fiscal on account of the pandemic’s impact on normal business activity.
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A study by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) indicates that 93% of women farmers who receive training alongside financial support succeed in their ventures, compared to the 57% success rate of those who receive financial aid alone.
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according to Central ground
water board, Ground water level in India has declined by 61 per cent between 2007 and 2017.
#Water_Scarcity
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According to NSSO data, only
4.4% of rural households and 23.4% of urban households own computers, while out of this 42% of urban households have a computer with an internet connection and only 14.9% of rural households
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India has been ranked 139 out of 149 countries in the list of UN World Happiness Report 2021. In 2019, India was ranked 140th
Source
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According to the India Skill Report 2018, only 47 per cent of those coming out of higher
educational institutions are employable.
#Skills_Set
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According to estimates of Ministry of External Affairs, there are about 3.10 crore NRIs living in different countries
across the world.
#gs2
#NRIs
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🔸Livestock sector grew at CAGR of 8.24 per cent during 2014-15 to 2018-19.
🔸As per the estimates of National Accounts Statistics (NAS) 2020, the contribution of
livestock in total agriculture and allied sector GVA (at constant prices) has increased
from 24.32 per cent (2014-15) to 28.63 per cent (2018-19).
🔸Livestock sector contributed 4.2 per cent of total GVA in 2018-19
#Economicsurvey
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According to the agricultural census, 73.2% of rural women are engaged in farming activities but only 12.8% own landholdings. Due to cultural, social and religious forces, women have been denied ownership of land.
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🔆Coffee in India
✅ India is the 5th largest export and producer in the coffee in the world and is emerging as the major
coffee consuming country.
✅Brazil is the top coffee producing country in the world.
✅Bengaluru is the coffee capital of India and produces nearly 70% of India’s coffee.
✅Arabica and Robusta are the two main varieties of coffee cultivating in India.
✅Nearly 70% of India’s coffee is exported, largely to European and Asian markets.
✅Coffee in India is traditionally grown in the rainforests of the Western Ghats in South India, covering Chikmagalur, Kodagu (Coorg), Wayanad, the Shevaroy Hills and the Nilgiris.
#prelims
#mains
#important
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Source: Economic Survey
The figure represents India's top five export commodities as a percentage of overall merchandise exports of India.
The total exports of India in 2019-20 was $530 billion ($315 billion merchandise and $215 billion services) which is 20% of GDP and Imports was $598 billion which is 22% of GDP.
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According to a UN report of 2015, India’s diaspora population is the largest in the world at 16 million people.
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