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Postponement of Notification of Civil Services Examination, 2026 and Indian Forest Service Examination, 2026
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India’s transition towards clean and diversified energy sources is inseparably aligned with self-reliance and geopolitical compatibility, the vision of Aatmanirbhar Bharat and India’s expanding global role
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Clean energy is no longer a subject of seminars alone; it is becoming a way of life. As stakeholders, we will adapt, innovate, and lead,”
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🔆Pulses production in India
✅ India is world’s largest producer, consumer, and importer of pulses.
✅ Top 3 pulses-producing states: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan.
✅ Season: Kharif crops (pigeon pea, green gram); Rabi crops (chickpea, lentil); Summer crops (green gram and black gram).
✅ Top crops: Chickpea (47.4%), pigeonpea (15.4%), etc.
✅ Production trend: Rose from 192.55 lakh tonnes in FY14 to 244.93 FY24 lakh tonnes.
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🔆 Wool
✅ Production: 34.57 million kg
✅ Top States: Rajasthan (47.85%), J&K, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh
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India’s textile and apparel sector is one of the country’s oldest and most significant industries, deeply embedded in its cultural and economic landscape.
It contributes over 2% to India’s GDP, nearly 11% to industrial output, and around 13% to total export earnings.
With more than 45 million workers, it is the second-largest employer after agriculture.
🔆 Status of Custodial Deaths in India
📍 Key Facts
✅ 1,754 custodial deaths in prisons in 2023 — SC’s Centre for Research and Planning
✅ 1,237 enquiries pending in district courts for over a year (2023)
✅ India signed the UN Convention Against Torture (UNCAT) in 1997, but has not ratified it
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Drip and sprinkler systems cover only about 12% of India’s irrigated area.
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Bacterial AMR was directly responsible for 1.27 million deaths (in 2019) and contributed to nearly five million deaths worldwid
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🔆 Suicide Data Report 2023 — Key Highlights
📍 Trends
✅ Total suicides increased by 0.3% in 2023 vs 2022.
✅ Suicide rate decreased by 0.8%, indicating slower population-adjusted growth.
✅ Cities continue to show higher suicide rates than the national average.
📍 State Rankings
✅ Highest suicide rate: A&N Islands > Sikkim > Kerala.
✅ Highest share of total suicides:
• Maharashtra
• Tamil Nadu
• Madhya Pradesh
• Karnataka
• West Bengal
📍 Demographic Pattern
✅ Male : Female = 72.8 : 27.2 — males form the vast majority.
📍 Major Causes
1. Family Problems – 31.9%
2. Illness – 19.0%
3. Drug/Alcohol Addiction – 7.0%
4. Marriage Related Issues – 5.3%
5. Love Affairs – 4.7%
6. Bankruptcy/Indebtedness – 3.8%
7. Unemployment – 1.8%
8. Failure in Examination – 1.4%
📍 Farmer Suicides
✅ 10,786 deaths (6.3% of total suicides).
✅ Zero farmer suicides reported from:
West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa.
📍 Initiatives to Prevent Suicides
✅ National Suicide Prevention Strategy (2022): Reduce suicide mortality by 10% by 2030.
✅ Tele-MANAS: 24×7, free tele–mental health helpline.
✅ NMHP: Decentralised, accessible mental healthcare services.
✅ Manodarpan: Psychosocial support for students, teachers, and families.
#GS1 #GS2 #GS4
Record Renewable Energy Achievements: As per IRENA Renewable Energy Statistics 2025, India ranks 4th globally in Renewable Energy Installed Capacity, 4th in Wind Power, and 3rd in Solar Power capacity.
Solar capacity has increased more than 39 times, from 2.82 GW in 2014 to 110.9 GW in 2025, including a record 23.83 GW added in 2024–25 alone.
India achieved 50% of its installed capacity from non-fossil sources five years ahead of its 2030 target, reflecting strong policy and institutional commitment
The data reflects a 7.2% overall increase in recorded crimes, reaching 6.24 million cases (crimes every five seconds on average in 2023).
Traditional violent crimes such as murder (↓2.8%) and rape (↓5.9%) have declined.
But cybercrime, economic offences, and miscellaneous crimes like obstruction on public way (Sec.283 IPC - ↑62%) and Motor Vehicle Act violations (↑103%) have surged.
✅According to UN Women, only 27.2% of parliamentarians in single or lower houses are women, up from 11% in 1995.
✅In India, women hold 14.7% of seats in Lok Sabha, but still far below the global average of 26.5% and ministerial representation is even lower, hovering around 10–11%.
✅In State Assemblies, women’s representation varies widely, often falling below 10%.
Chhattisgarh leads with 19 women MLAs, while Himachal Pradesh has just one, and Mizoram has none.
✅India is ranked at 148 among 193 countries, ranked 31st among 47 Asian countries, and fifth amongst eight SAARC countries.
Milk production in 2024–25: 248 MMT, consumption: 243 MMT (self-sufficient).
✅80+ million small farmers, average herd size 3–4 cows, yield per cow 1/8th of US or NZ levels.
✅70% of marketed milk handled by the unorganised sector, 30% by co-operatives & private dairies.
✅Dairy contributes 31% of India’s agricultural GDP, higher than cereals, pulses, or oilseeds.
✅Engages 80 million households, especially women, providing steady cash flow even in drought years.
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The future lies in a hybrid energy model, where each source is deployed where it is most cost-effective and efficient
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🔆 World Inequality Report 2026
📍 Global Wealth & Income
✅ Top 1% own 37% of world wealth; top 10% own 75%
➡️ India: Top 1% = 40% wealth, top 10% = 65%
✅ Global top 10% earn 53% of income
➡️ India: Top 1% = 23% income, top 10% = 58%
📍 Other Key Findings
✅ Billionaire wealth growing 2× faster than bottom 50% since 1990s
✅ Climate inequality: Top 10% emit 77% of CO₂; poorest 50% → 3%
✅ Global South → Global North transfers >1% of world GDP/yr via debt, profits, financial flows (3× foreign aid)
🔆 Policy Recommendations
✅ Progressive taxation: Global billionaire tax + anti-evasion system
✅ Public investment: Free education, health, childcare, nutrition
✅ Redistribution: Cash transfers, pensions, unemployment support
✅ Gender equality: Childcare access, equal pay, anti-discrimination
✅ Climate policy: Progressive climate taxes + public-sector green investment
✅ Global finance reform: Global currency, centralized credit, surplus taxes
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Discrimination In Upsc Interview
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🔆 Meat
✅ Global Rank: 4th
✅ Production: 10.50 MT
✅ Poultry meat: 5.18 MT (~50%)
✅ Top States: West Bengal (12.46%), UP, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
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According to a Reserve Bank of India report, MSMEs need ₹30 lakh crore in funding, and the number of new loan accounts has reduced.
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🔆 Annual Groundwater Quality Report 2025
📍 Overall Quality
✅ 71.7% of India’s groundwater meets BIS standards
✅ 28.3% samples exceed limits for one or more parameters
📍 Key Contaminants
✅ Nitrate = most widespread (≈ 20% samples exceed WHO/BIS 45 mg/L)
• Linked to fertilizers, sewage, animal waste
✅ Uranium above 30 ppb:
• 6.71% (pre-monsoon)
• 7.91% (post-monsoon)
• Highest: Punjab, then Haryana, Delhi
✅ Salinity (EC high)
• Major in Rajasthan, Delhi
• Exceeds limits in 7.23% samples
✅ Fluoride
• 8.05% samples exceed limit
• Mainly geogenic; highest in Rajasthan
✅ Lead
• Highest contamination: Delhi
• Health impacts: cognitive damage, ↑ BP, kidney harm, probable carcinogen
📍 Irrigation Suitability
✅ 94.30% samples fall in excellent category
📍 Other Geogenic Issues
✅ Arsenic (Ganga & Brahmaputra basins)
✅ Manganese (Assam, Karnataka, Odisha, UP, WB)
🔆 Central Ground Water Board (CGWB)
📍 Origin: Began in 1970, renamed from Exploratory Tube Wells Organization
📍 Ministry: Ministry of Jal Shakti
📍 Role: Groundwater management, exploration, monitoring, regulation
📍 Also functions as CGWA under Environment Protection Act, 1986
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India is the second-largest fish-producing country and one of the largest shrimp producers in the World.
India’s fish production has more than doubled from 96 lakh tonnes in 2013–14 to 195 lakh tonnes in 2024–25.
Canal repairs and desilting often finish after the monsoon, reducing their usefulness for the kharif season, and ageing canal networks lose up to 40% of water due to seepage, leakage, theft and poor maintenance
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In 2023, India, with one of the highest AMR rates, had 1 in 3 bacterial infections resistant to common antibiotics, with ICU infections by E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus highly resistant.
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India has pledged to reach 500 GW of non-fossil electricity capacity by 2030, with about 280 GW to come from solar, and is already five years ahead of schedule as half of India's installed electricity capacity in July 2025 is from non-fossil sources.
Australia has set a 62%-70% reduction in emissions below 2005 levels by 2035, with Mr. Bowen describing the target as 'ambitious and achievable, but also investable'.
In 2 years, around 30 lakhs artisans and craftsmen have been registered under the PM Vishwakarma Scheme.
Around 26 lakhs artisans and craftsmen have completed skill verification where 86% of them completed their basic training too.
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