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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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What is an AT1 bond ?

AT1 bonds – sometimes known as contingent convertible bonds, or CoCos – are a type of debt issued by a bank that can be converted into equity if its capital levels fall below requirements.

Why AT1 Bond
?

◇ It was introduced after the global financial crisis of 2007-08, banks were asked to operate using their own permanent capital as opposed to borrowed capital. This permanent capital is termed Tier 1 capital.

◇ Now, to shore up their Tier 1 capital, banks were allowed to raise a special class of bonds known as AT1 bonds from investors. AT1 bonds, like other bonds, pay regular interest. But they do not have a maturity date, as they are a permanent part of the bank’s capital, akin to equity.

◇ AT1 bonds are the riskiest bond as the issuing bank can skip premium and interest payout if it is falling short of capital.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

📚UPSC Prelims Hacked 2.0 ebook (Updated) released.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

What is an AT1 bond ?

AT1 bonds – sometimes known as contingent convertible bonds, or CoCos – are a type of debt issued by a bank that can be converted into equity if its capital levels fall below requirements.

Why AT1 Bond
?

◇ It was introduced after the global financial crisis of 2007-08, banks were asked to operate using their own permanent capital as opposed to borrowed capital. This permanent capital is termed Tier 1 capital.

◇ Now, to shore up their Tier 1 capital, banks were allowed to raise a special class of bonds known as AT1 bonds from investors. AT1 bonds, like other bonds, pay regular interest. But they do not have a maturity date, as they are a permanent part of the bank’s capital, akin to equity.

◇ AT1 bonds are the riskiest bond as the issuing bank can skip premium and interest payout if it is falling short of capital.

Читать полностью…

UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

M. Laxmikanth polity complete notes for revision from first chapter Historical background to last chapter.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

DigiClaim

Context: Union Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare has launched the National Crop Insurance Portal’s digitized claim settlement module namely DigiClaim under the ambit of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY).

◇ Developed by the integration of the National Crop Insurance Portal (NCIP) and the Public Finance Management System (PFMS).

Benefits:

◇ It will disburse claims electronically, thus easing the lives of insured farmers and providing them with sustainable financial support.

◇ It is part of the Indian government’s effort to make farmers self-reliant and strong.

◇ DigiClaim will reduce claim reversal and enable farmers to track their claim settlement process in real-time through their mobile phones.

◇ Farmers’ claims will be processed directly to their respective bank accounts in a transparent and accountable manner.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

Guillotine Closure

GS is a parliamentary procedure which refers to the passage of a legislation without debate or discussion.

◇ Once the House is done with these debates, the Speaker applies the ‘guillotine’, and all outstanding demands for grants are put to vote at once.

◇ This usually happens on the last day earmarked for the discussion on the Budget.

◇ It is to ensure timely passage of the Finance Bill.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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Plastiglomerate

◇ Context: A team of marine biologists (working in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands) have stumbled upon a piece of rock (Plastiglomerate) made from plastic from a beach on Aves Island.

◇ This is the first such find from India.

What is plastiglomerate?

◇ It is a rock composed of sand, rock fragments, shells and other materials held together by plastic. It is a new form of plastic pollution, which scientists described in 2014.

◇ Laboratory analysis showed that it was made of two very commonly used plastic polymers, polyethene and polyvinyl chloride
.

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

Japan to connect landlocked North East with Bangladesh

◇ Context: Landlocked Northeast India may soon get a trade gateway through Matarbari deep sea port in Bangladesh being constructed by Japan, under its Free and Open Indo-Pacific strategy

□ About the News:

• Bay of Bengal Industrial Growth Belt (BIG-B) initiative: Through this initiative, Japan is helping Bangladesh develop infrastructure and Industrial Belt along Dhaka-Chittagong-Cox’s Bazar belt area and beyond.

• India-Japan Act East Forum (AEF): Through this, Japan has been supporting the development of India’s North East through connectivity to Bangladesh and Southeast Asia.


□ About Japan’s Indo-Pacific strategy: Japan will promote the Bay of Bengal-Northeast India industrial value chain concept to foster the growth of the entire region. The strategy consists of three pillars:

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

Japan to connect landlocked North East with Bangladesh

◇ Context: Landlocked Northeast India may soon get a trade gateway through Matarbari deep sea port in Bangladesh being constructed by Japan, under its Free and Open Indo-Pacific strategy

□ About the News:

• Bay of Bengal Industrial Growth Belt (BIG-B) initiative: Through this initiative, Japan is helping Bangladesh develop infrastructure and Industrial Belt along Dhaka-Chittagong-Cox’s Bazar belt area and beyond.

• India-Japan Act East Forum (AEF): Through this, Japan has been supporting the development of India’s North East through connectivity to Bangladesh and Southeast Asia.


□ About Japan’s Indo-Pacific strategy: Japan will promote the Bay of Bengal-Northeast India industrial value chain concept to foster the growth of the entire region. The strategy consists of three pillars:

Читать полностью…

UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

🌟NCERT HISTORY NOTES BY DNYAN IAS For UPSC Prelims 2024

Features

▪️ Latest PYQs Added
▪️ Expertly Crafted Content
▪️ Important Maps And Figures Directly From NCERT Books Included
▪️ Ancient, Medieval And Modern History Covered
▪️From Class 06 To 12 Coverage
▪️Also Important For State PCS, CAPF, CDS, NDA, CSIR etc

FEES: ₹100 ONLY

👉Payment Here : https://link.qoohoo.in/f892a03271

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

📚UPSC Prelims Hacked 2.0 ebook (Updated) released.

The first edition of our ebook (57-page) helped aspirants secure over 60+ additional marks In 2023 GS Prelims Paper effortlessly (For Proof: Refer attached pdf 👇) . Now, we've taken it to the next level! 🚀

✨ What's Inside?

31 Proven Techniques to Eliminate Options with Precision.
Subject wise-Important topics based on past 10 years PYQs Paper Analysis.
✅ Navigate Doubtful, Confusing, and Unknown Questions with Expert Strategies.
Expert Tips for Best Preparation & Exam hall Strategy and Stress Management.
✅ Many more..


💡 Why Choose Us:

👉 Written by Gurudayal, an IITian and Cracked IAS(P) & IFS(P) 3 Times.
👉 UPSC Toppers Rank-6, IFoS & Rank-99, UPSC CSE found this pdf very useful.
👉 98% Aspirants Unaware of These Game-Changing Tricks—Don't Be Left Behind!

💰 Limited Launch Offer: 80% OFF for First 30 Students!
💰 14-Day 100% Refund Guarantee.

Visit our website
https://shorturl.at/bhtJ1

For both GS & CSAT ebooks👇
https://shorturl.at/tuwyO

Читать полностью…

UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

Are Elimination Tricks dead?.... Not ours.

The Truth is our 25 elimination tricks mentioned in our UPSC Prelims Hacked ebook helped aspirants secure over 60+ additional marks In 2023 GS Prelims Paper effortlessly (For Proof: Refer attached pdf ☝️) Now, we've taken our ebook to the next level! 🚀

A new UPSC Prelims Hacked 2.0 ebook (Updated & Improved) has been launched for limited time.

💰 Limited Launch Offer: 80% OFF for First 30 Students!
💰 14-Day 100% Refund Guarantee.

Visit our website
https://shorturl.at/bhtJ1

📚Master CSAT Comprehension e-book (55-page): Learn to Solve all 27 RC Questions with 100% accuracy within 35 minutes. Crack CSAT easily.

For both GS & CSAT ebooks👇
https://shorturl.at/tuwyO

Читать полностью…

UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

M. Laxmikanth polity complete notes for revision from first chapter Historical background to last chapter.

Also mcqs and test series of polity to practice

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

• Promotion and establishment of rule of law, freedom of navigation and free trade.

• Pursuit of economic prosperity.

• Commitment to peace and stability (capacity building on maritime law enforcement, HA/DR cooperation, etc.)

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

• Promotion and establishment of rule of law, freedom of navigation and free trade.

• Pursuit of economic prosperity.

• Commitment to peace and stability (capacity building on maritime law enforcement, HA/DR cooperation, etc.)

Читать полностью…

UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

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UPSC NOTES & CURRENT AFFAIRS

Upward lightning

Context: Brazilian researchers recently captured high-speed video footage of positive upward discharges of electricity from lightning conductor rods in São José dos Campos

What is Upwards lightning?

◇ Upward lightning is a phenomenon where lightning streaks develop from tall objects that travel upward toward electrified storm clouds (opposite to normal Lightening)

How does it happen?

◇ Upward lightning occurs when there is a tall object, such as a building or a lightning rod, on the ground and there is an electrically charged storm cloud overhead.

◇ The tall object creates a strong electric field near the ground, and this can initiate a channel of ionized air, called an upward leader, which moves upward from the object towards the cloud.

◇ When this upward leader connects with a downward-moving stepped leader from the cloud, it completes the circuit, and a discharge of electricity flows from the cloud to the ground.

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