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■ Hypersonic Technology Demonstrator Vehicle (HSTDV)
◇ Context: India’s DRDO tested its own hypersonic technology demonstrator vehicle (HSTDV) powered by a scramjet engine.
◇ There is an ongoing race among China, Russia and the US to manufacture manoeuvrable hypersonic weapons that fly over five times the speed of sound and can negate missile defence systems
□ About DRDO:
◇ The Defence Research and Development Organisation (est. 1958) is the premier agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in the Ministry of Defence, charged with the military’s research and development, headquartered in Delhi, India.
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■ Kashmir’s Pashmina shawls
◇ Context: It is a fabric that is adored and respected all around the world as pashmina or cashmere.
◇ Background: The French empress Josephine, who was given a Kashmiri Kani shawl by her husband, Emperor Napoleon, in the 18th century, was instrumental in reviving a dying craft in Kashmir by popularizing it in Europe.
□ Pashmina:
◇ The term ‘Pashmina’ has been derived from the Persian word “Pashm” meaning wool.
◇ It is a GI-certified wool that has its origin in the Kashmir region of India.
◇ Due to the high quality of the wool used and the labour-intensive process required to make each individual piece, pashmina shawls are quite expensive.
◇ The Changthangi goats (Capra Hircus), domesticated in Ladakh, are the source of the wool used to weave Pashmina Shawls.
◇ The Changpa tribes of Ladakh who herd the Changthangi goats harvest the raw Pashm.
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■ Kashmir’s Pashmina shawls
◇ Context: It is a fabric that is adored and respected all around the world as pashmina or cashmere.
◇ Background: The French empress Josephine, who was given a Kashmiri Kani shawl by her husband, Emperor Napoleon, in the 18th century, was instrumental in reviving a dying craft in Kashmir by popularizing it in Europe.
□ Pashmina:
◇ The term ‘Pashmina’ has been derived from the Persian word “Pashm” meaning wool.
◇ It is a GI-certified wool that has its origin in the Kashmir region of India.
◇ Due to the high quality of the wool used and the labour-intensive process required to make each individual piece, pashmina shawls are quite expensive.
◇ The Changthangi goats (Capra Hircus), domesticated in Ladakh, are the source of the wool used to weave Pashmina Shawls.
◇ The Changpa tribes of Ladakh who herd the Changthangi goats harvest the raw Pashm.
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■ METHANOL BLENDED DIESEL (MD15)
◇ Context: The government ceremonially inaugurated the demo run of an Inland Water Vessel powered by Methanol blended Diesel (MD15) (15% methanol blended HSD)
□ Benefits of blending gasoline with Methanol:
◇ Blending 15% methanol in gasoline can result in at least a 15% reduction in the import of gasoline/crude oil. In addition, this would bring down GHG emissions by 20% in terms of particulate matter, NOx, and SOx, thereby improving urban air quality. It will also create nearly 5 million new jobs in the Methanol economy.
□ About Methanol Economy:
◇ NITI Aayog’s ‘Methanol Economy’ programme (launched in 2018) is aimed at reducing India’s oil import bill, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and converting coal reserves and municipal solid waste into methanol.
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■ METHANOL BLENDED DIESEL (MD15)
◇ Context: The government ceremonially inaugurated the demo run of an Inland Water Vessel powered by Methanol blended Diesel (MD15) (15% methanol blended HSD)
□ Benefits of blending gasoline with Methanol:
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□ About Methanol Economy:
◇ NITI Aayog’s ‘Methanol Economy’ programme (launched in 2018) is aimed at reducing India’s oil import bill, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and converting coal reserves and municipal solid waste into methanol.
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□ About Methanol:
Methanol is a cost-effective alternative marine fuel. It is less costly than other marine fuels and is economical in terms of developing the shoreside storage and bunkering infrastructure. It is also known as wood alcohol. Its properties are similar to ethanol. It is also used in products such as plastics, paints, and cosmetics.
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■ Monument Mitra Scheme
◇ Context: The government will hand over around 1,000 monuments to the private sector for their upkeep under the Monument Mitra Scheme.
◇ The Scheme was started a few years back under the Ministry of Tourism.
◇ It is now transferred to the Ministry of Culture in respect of the monuments under the Archaeological Survey of India, the ASI.
◇ Applies to all Centrally protected heritage properties.
◇ Aims at ensuring quality & inclusive provision of amenities and facilities across heritage, natural, & tourist sites through the active participation of private and public sector organizations and individuals.
◇ These organizations would be known as “Monument Mitras” for their collaboration initiative.