Why does the heartbeat consist of paired beats?
These sounds are generated by the work of different parts of the heart and different valves. The first beat is the sound of reverberation (reflection) of blood in the left atrium when the mitral (atrioventricular) valve closes. This marks the end of pumping a portion of blood from the atrium to the ventricle. The second stroke is created by the reverberation of blood in the left ventricle, when the ventricular-aortic valve closes, and means the end of the release of part of the blood into the aorta.
In the right parts of the heart, the beats are weaker and therefore not audible.
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Why were many scientific discoveries made in a dream?
This is due to the fact that during sleep, our brain interprets the information already embedded in it in a completely different way. It is in a dream that processing, sorting and analysis of all the data received during the day takes place. Sometimes they result in a real discovery. For example, the structure of the atom appeared to Niels Bohr in a dream, as well as the formula of benzene to the chemist Friedrich Kekula. Richard Wagner claimed that he also did not invent his creation "Tristan and Isolde" himself, but simply heard it in a dream.
What do you say, have you ever noticed brilliant ideas in a dream?
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Is it true that the ace was the lowest card in the deck?
Ace in English is called "ace", which, in turn, comes from the Old French word "as" with the meaning "unit". Historically, the ace in the playing deck had the lowest value and was designated by the sign 1, but over time, on the contrary, it became the dominant card.
And in games such as poker or blackjack, the player can choose the value of the ace himself — as the highest or as a unit. The French Revolution had a great influence on the ace's upward movement — it began to symbolize the primacy of an ordinary person over kings.
In addition to cards, the word "ace" began to be applied to people who have reached the highest degree of mastery in their profession.
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Why does everyone have their own timbre of voice?
The timbre of a person's voice is determined by two concepts: overtone and formant.
As you know, the pitch of the sound depends on the frequency of the sound wave that our vocal apparatus extracts (diaphragm, lungs, ligaments, etc.), that is, on how often the vibrations of this wave occur.
Contrary to popular belief, all people, animals and instruments emit sounds of different frequencies. The only frequency of only one instrument (besides electronic ones) is a tuning fork.
In addition to the sounds of the main (which we perceive as a single) frequency, we also extract sounds of additional frequencies - overtones. Overtones are always higher than the sounds of the fundamental frequency, and there are always an integer number of them. The timbre of our voice depends on the number of overtones.
There are overtones that have more power than others: they sound brighter. These overtones are called formants. They also determine what the timbre of the voice will be.
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Why do insects survive falling from a great height?
It turns out that the point here is in two factors — the shape of the bugs' body and the air resistance. By the first factor, we mean the surface area of the insect's body. As you know, with an increase in this area, the frontal resistance of the body to the air flow also increases. When a body falls, gravity acts on it, which is determined by the mass and acceleration of free fall. It is hindered by the drag force, which depends on the density of the medium, the rate of fall, the area of the body and the aerodynamic characteristics of the medium. The mass of insects, as a rule, is several tens of grams, so the force of gravity acting on their body is quite small. At the same time, the drag on the air flow turns out to be significant, which is why the resulting force determining the acceleration with which it moves turns out to be relatively small.
Because of this, the insect lands on the ground at a relatively slower speed.
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Why does a drunk person have sweating windows in the car?
After taking alcohol, the vessels and capillaries of the skin expand, which in turn increases the secretion of sweat. Together with an increase in body temperature and respiratory tract, the evaporation of moisture accelerates. Alcohol warms up the body, and therefore increases heat transfer.
Familiar to many, "dried" the next day is just caused by the dehydrating effect of alcohol.
According to doctors, only in this perspective can one seriously consider the influence of a tipsy person on the formation of condensation inside the car interior.
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Are there people without imagination?
Yes, this condition is called "aphantasia".
Such people really have no idea. When they are asked to close their eyes, they just see the darkness. They remember the description well, but they cannot even imagine the appearance of their loved ones or acquaintances when they are not around.
(By the way, in the photo, Mia Tomova is a student from Manchester who has been suffering from aphantasia since childhood).
On the other hand, such people never wind themselves up, are not afraid of the dark or heights, because these fears are based on imagination.
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Is it true that fish have a memory of 3 seconds?
That's not so.
It is memory that allows pisces to adapt to the world around them and continue their kind. They can remember the information for several days. Fish remember the direction of currents, potentially dangerous zones, natural enemies/friends, places to spend the night and even the seasons.
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Can elephants run and jump?
No.
The elephant is able to reach speeds of up to 40 km / h, but at the same time its legs move almost the same as when walking. The elephant never goes into a gallop - a run in which all four legs can be in the air without support.
Even with the fastest running, only two legs come off the ground at the same time. This is partly due to the peculiarities of the anatomy: the elephant's elbows bend forward like knees. The main reason is the huge weight: the bones and ligaments of the joints would not withstand overloads during repulsion and landing.
For the same reason elephants never jump.
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Why do surgeons wear blue or green gowns instead of white ones?
These colors help doctors see better.
Looking at blue or green tones can allow the doctor's eyes to take a break from the red color of the patient's blood or internal organs during surgery. The brain, as it were, opposes these colors to each other.
If the surgeon looks at something red or pink for a long time, he becomes immune to these colors. The red signal to the brain becomes less noticeable, fades, which makes it harder for the doctor to distinguish the nuances of the human body.
If you look at something blue or green from time to time, then the eyes remain sensitive to shades of red.
Given the fact that some operations last for days, doctors' eyes simply need such a rest.
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Does the hair look saltier if it is washed more often?
No, it's a myth.
Located in the dermis, on the second, "underground" floor of our skin, the sebaceous glands do not know what is going on up there at all, and tirelessly supply fat to the hair canal, no matter how often you wash your hair.
Therefore, there is nothing to object to daily gentle hair washing.
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Why do people want to smoke when they drink?
In America, various studies have been conducted on this topic. According to the results of one of them, conducted in a medical center, it was decided that alcohol enhances the pleasant sensations of smoking.
According to the results of another one made at a medical university, it was found out that nicotine allows you to drink more alcohol without experiencing drowsiness.
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Cryptogangsters from Russia have created a new channel about cryptocurrencies and NFT in English!
Net profit in December is already 30 thousand dollars , and the exchange of information is completely free!
Find out the latest news from the world of blockchain, NFT and cryptocurrencies on their channel.
News | Crypto | NFT
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How did the history of toilet paper begin in our time?
In 1857, New York businessman Joseph Gaietti released toilet paper cut into neat squares and packed in bundles.
He was so proud of his invention that he printed his name on every piece of paper.
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Why does our right ear hear speech better, and our left ear hears music better?
The right and left hemispheres of the human brain are not completely identical. If we talk about sounds, then the left hemisphere is responsible for deciphering the information we have heard, and the right hemisphere distinguishes the shades and tones of these sounds. Scientists have known about this for a long time, as it is due to the fact that the left hemisphere is responsible for analytical thinking, while the right hemisphere is associated with creativity and emotions.
However, a new study has shown that these differences are revealed already in the process of processing sounds with the ears. The cells of the ear respond to sound by expanding and contracting to increase vibrations, which are then converted into nerve impulses entering the brain.
It was for this reaction that it was noted that the right ear responds better to a number of rhythmic sounds resembling human speech, while the left ear prefers music.
Tigers can jump forward up to 6 m and up to 5 m.
Their legs are so muscular and powerful that tigers can stay standing even after being killed.
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From the category "The first 40 years of childhood in a man's life are the most difficult"😄
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Why are manholes round?
A larger ratio of the cross-sectional area of the manhole of a round hatch to the circumference of its body than that of a square or rectangular one, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of production by reducing the consumption of materials without compromising operational performance. (the diameter of the manhole in the current standards is close to 600 mm — with a round shape, the circumference of the body is 1.88 m, with a square one - 2.4 m, the area of the round-shaped lid is 0.28 m2, the area of the square-shaped lid is 0.36 m2. Thus, the overspending of materials for the production of the hatch during the transition from its round to square form of hatches will be 28%).
The round shape of the lid ensures that the lid itself will not fall into the hatch during its installation or disassembly. In principle, this problem can be solved by using a hatch that repeats any curve of constant width in shape, but the circle of all possible such figures is the most technologically
Why are precious metals expensive?
Gold, silver, platinum, etc. are precious metals, unlike others.
They received the name "noble metals" due to their high chemical resistance (practically do not oxidize in air) and gloss in products.
Gold, silver, pure platinum and palladium have high plasticity, and the rest of the noble metals, moreover, have very high refractoriness.
Unlike noble metals (for example, silver or gold), base metals easily enter into oxidative reactions under standard conditions.
That is why precious metals are much more valuable and more expensive than the same lead or copper.
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Why does iron rust?
Some metals are exposed to atmospheric oxygen and, combining with it, form oxides. Such metals include iron, which is covered with rust in water and in wet weather.
Rust is iron hydroxide. In a dry place and in acid-free water, iron does not rust, because there is a lot of carbon dioxide in the air and in rainwater.
It is clear why it is impossible to leave rakes, shovels and pitchforks, as well as other objects made of iron, in the rain.
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Why do ears sometimes "burn"?
Most often, this feeling is due to the fact that the blood flow to the brain in particular and to the head in general increases noticeably.
And it happens because of the following reasons
• Excessive excitement and embarrassment.
A banal emotional reaction that leads to a slight expansion of large arterioles and, as a result, an increase in blood filling of capillaries.
- Solving complex problems. The brain needs oxygen to work, which is supplied to it through the blood. And in some situations, the body purposefully increases blood flow to the head. And something comes to my ears, too.
- Warming frostbitten ears. First, due to the compensatory reaction, there is a spasm of the vessels through which blood is supplied to the ears. And when the effect of the cold stops, the spasm passes and the blood, on the contrary, intensely rushes to such areas.
It feels like the ears are just starting to burn.
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Why do cats often get "stuck" in a tree?
The claws of a domestic cat are bent so that they give it support when moving up the trunk of a tree, but they cannot hold the animal when descending. And cats do not like to go down backwards, because they do not see where they are moving. However, if a person does not come to the rescue, then the cats eventually climb down from the tree just forward with their tail.
Some of them manage to overcome this psychological barrier, and they become skilled tree climbers.
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Why are airplane pilots not allowed to wear a beard?
Because of the safety of passengers.
The thing is that sometimes a pilot needs to wear an oxygen mask — and with a beard, it will not fit tightly. This will jeopardize the safety of him and his passengers.
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Why do cats have glowing eyes?
The inner surface of the eye of these animals has a shiny layer, the so-called mirror, which reflects the incident light. The eyes of nocturnal predatory animals do not emit light, but only reflect the weak rays of stars, the Moon, distant light sources that fall inside the eye and focus on their back surface.
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