Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

31 Dec 2017 12:01

A spectacular total eclipse, hitch-hiking octopus, nanoscale fireworks and more.
http://telegra.ph/2017-in-pictures-The-best-science-images-of-the-year-12-31

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

31 Dec 2017 11:44

🇧🇷 Reciclando Cassiopeia A

Estrelas de grande massa na Via Lactea vivem vidas espetaculares. Colapsando a partir de vastas nuvens cosmicas, suas fornalhas nucleares  entram em ignição e criam elementos pesados em seus nucleos. Após alguns milhões de anos, o material enriquecido é jogado de volta no espaço interestelar, onde a  formação de estrelas pode recomeçar. 

A nuvem de detritos em expansão chamada Cassiopeia A é um exemplo dessa fase final do ciclo de vida estelar. A luz da explosão que criou os remanescentes da supernova teria sido vista pela primeira vez no ceu do planeta Terra há cerca de 350 anos, embora tivesse levado uns 11.000 anos para chegar até nós.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

28 Dec 2017 09:00

Calendário Astronômico pata 2018

Astronomy Calendar For 2018

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

27 Dec 2017 15:25

🇬🇧 Fireball in the Arctic

Something very bright suddenly lit up the arctic — what was it? The original idea was to take a series of aurora images that could be made into a time-lapse video. But when night suddenly turned into day, the astrophotographer quickly realized that he was seeing something even more spectacular. Moving through the sky — in front of the Big Dipper no less — was a Geminid meteor so bright it could be called a fireball. The meteor brightened and flashed for several seconds as it went. By a stroke of good fortune, the aurora camera was able to capture the whole track. Taken the night after the Geminids Meteor Shower peaked, the astrophotographer's location was near Lovozero Lake in Murmansk, Russia, just north of the Arctic Circle.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

27 Dec 2017 15:25

🇧🇷 Bola de Fogo Cruza Os Céus do Ártico

Algo muito brilhante iluminou repentinamente o céu do ártico – o que foi isso? A ideia original era fazer imagens de auroras e com essas imagens montar um vídeo de time-lapse. Mas quando a noite repentinamente se transformou em dia, o astrofotógrafo rapidamente percebeu que ele estava vendo até mesmo mais espetacular. Movendo-se pelo céu na frente do asterismo Big Dipper, estava um brilhante meteoro da chuva das Geminídeas que de tão brilhante pode ser classificado como uma fireball, ou bola de fogo. O meteoro brilhou por alguns segundos e se foi. A câmera que estava ali para registrar as auroras conseguiu registrar toda a trajetória do meteoro no céu. A foto acima foi feita na noite de pico da chuva de meteoros Geminídeas, o astrofotógrafo estava perto do Lovozero Lake, em Murmansk, na Rússia, ao norte do Círculo Polar Ártico.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

21 Dec 2017 20:07

🇬🇧 Solstice Sun and Milky Way

Welcome to December's solstice, first day of winter in the north and summer for the southern hemisphere. Astronomical markers of the seasons, solstice and equinox dates are based on the Sun's place in its annual journey along the ecliptic, through planet Earth's sky. 

At this solstice, the Sun reaches its maximum southern declination of -23.5 degrees today at 16:28 UTC, while its right ascension coordinate on the celestial sphere is 18 hours. That puts the Sun in the constellation Sagittarius in a direction near the center of our Milky Way galaxy. In fact, if you could see today's Solstice Sun against faint background stars and nebulae (that's really hard to do, especially in the daytime ...) your view might look something like this composited panorama.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

21 Dec 2017 20:07

🇧🇷 Sol de solsticio e a Via Lactea

Bem vindo ao dia do solsticio de dezembro, o primeiro dia de inverno no norte, e de verão no hemisferio sul. Marcadores astronomicos das estações, as datas de solsticio e equinocio são baseadas no local do Sol em sua jornada anual ao longo da ecliptica, através do ceu do planeta Terra. 

Neste solsticio, o Sol atinge sua máxima declinação para o sul, de -23,5 graus, hoje, às 16h28 UTC, enquanto sua correta coordenada de ascensão na esfera celestial é 18 horas. Isso situa o Sol na constelação de Sagitario, em uma direção próxima ao centro da Via Lactea. Na verdade, se voce pudesse ver o Sol do solsticio de hoje contra um esmaecido plano de fundo de estrelas e nebulosas (isso é algo realmente difícil de fazer, especialmente de dia ...) sua vista poderia ser meio parecida com esse panorama composto.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

18 Dec 2017 12:36

🇬🇧 The Einstein Cross Gravitational Lens

Most galaxies have a single nucleus — does this galaxy have four? The strange answer leads astronomers to conclude that the nucleus of the surrounding galaxy is not even visible in this image. The central cloverleaf is rather light emitted from a background quasar. The gravitational field of the visible foreground galaxy breaks light from this distant quasar into four distinct images. The quasar must be properly aligned behind the center of a massive galaxy for a mirage like this to be evident. The general effect is known as gravitational lensing, and this specific case is known as the Einstein Cross. Stranger still, the images of the Einstein Cross vary in relative brightness, enhanced occasionally by the additional gravitational microlensing effect of specific stars in the foreground galaxy.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

18 Dec 2017 12:36

🇧🇷 O Efeito de Lente Gravitacional Conhecido Como Cruz de Einstein

A maior parte das galáxias possuem um único núcleo, por que essa aí tem 4? A estranha resposta leva os astrônomos a concluírem que o núcleo o núcleo da galáxia na verdade não está sendo visto na imagem. O trevo central visto na imagem é na verdade proveniente da luz emitida por um quasar mais distante. O campo gravitacional da galáxia em primeiro plano quebra a luz do quasar em 4 imagens distintas. O quasar precisa estar propriamente alinhado atrás do centro da galáxia massiva para que uma miragem como essa se torne evidente. O efeito geral é conhecido como lente gravitacional, e esse caso específico é conhecido como Cruz de Einstein. Ainda mais estranho, as imagens da Cruz de Einstein variam em brilho relativo, aumentando ocasionalmente pelo efeito adicional de uma microlente gravitacional de estrelas específicas da galáxia de primeiro plano.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

17 Dec 2017 17:15

🇬🇧 Hubble Team Releases Incredible Image of Globular Cluster Messier 79

Messier 79, otherwise known as NGC 1904, is located 41,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Lepus.
The cluster was discovered by the French astronomer Pierre Méchain on October 26, 1780.
Méchain reported the finding to the French astronomer Charles Messier, who included it in his catalog of non-cometary objects.
About four years later, using a larger telescope than Charles Messier’s, the British astronomer William Herschel resolved the stars in Messier 79, and described it as a ‘globular star cluster.’

Messier 79 is approximately 11.7 billion years old.
It contains about 150,000 stars packed into an area measuring only 118 light-years across.
It lies in an unusual location, about 60,000 light years from the Milky Way Galactic center, in the hemisphere opposite the Galactic center.
One idea for the cluster’s location is that its neighborhood may contain a higher-than-average density of stars, which fueled its formation.
Another possibility is that Messier 79 may have formed in an unusual dwarf galaxy that is merging with the Milky Way.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

17 Dec 2017 17:15

🇧🇷 Hubble Finaliza o Ano Com Imagem Espetacular do Aglomerado Globular de Estrelas Messier 79

O objeto Messier 79, também conhecido como NGC 1904, está localizado a cerca de 41000 anos-luz de distância da Terra, na constelação de Lepus.
O aglomerado foi descoberto pelo astrônomo francês Pierre Méchain em 26 de Outubro de 1780.
Méchain reportou a descoberta para o astrônomo francês Charles Messier, que o incluiu em seu catálogo de objetos não cometários.
Aproximadamente 4 anos depois, usando um telescópio maior do que o de Charles Messier, o astrônomo britânico William Herschel conseguiu resolver as estrelas no Messier 79, e o descreveu como um aglomerado globular estelar.

O Messier 79 tem aproximadamente 11.7 bilhões de anos de vida.
Ele contém cerca de 150000 estrelas empacotadas numa área que mede somente 118 anos-luz de diâmetro.
Ele localiza-se a cerca de 60000 anos-luz do centro da Via Láctea, no hemisfério oposto.
Essa localização é um pouco incomum para os aglomerados globulares, e uma ideia para a localização aglomerado é que sua vizinhança pode conter uma densidade de estrelas mais alta do que a média.
Outra possibilidade é que o Messier 79 pode ter se formado em uma galáxia anã que se fundiu com a Via Láctea.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

16 Dec 2017 14:00

https://youtu.be/uj3Lq7Gu94Y

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

16 Dec 2017 00:25

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Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

14 Dec 2017 13:44

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Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

13 Dec 2017 09:00

🇬🇧 Mercury Visualized from MESSENGER

What would it be like to fly over the planet Mercury? Images and data taken from NASA's robotic MESSENGER spacecraft that orbited Mercury from 2011 to 2015 have been digitally combined to envision a virtual flight that highlights much of the hot planet's surface. In general, the Solar System's innermost world appears similar to Earth's Moon as it is covered by a heavily cratered gray terrain. MESSENGER discovered much about Mercury including that shadows near its poles likely host water ice. The featured video opens as Mercury is viewed from the Sun-facing side and concludes with the virtual spacecraft retreating into Mercury's night. Mercury actually rotates so slowly that it only completes three rotations for every two trips around the Sun. In 2018, Europe and Japan plan to launch BepiColombo to better map Mercury's surface and probe its magnetic field.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

31 Dec 2017 11:44

🇬🇧 Recycling Cassiopeia A

Massive stars in our Milky Way Galaxy live spectacular lives. Collapsing from vast cosmic clouds, their nuclear furnaces ignite and create heavy elements in their cores. After a few million years, the enriched material is blasted back into interstellar space where star formation can begin anew. 

The expanding debris cloud known as Cassiopeia A is an example of this final phase of the stellar life cycle. Light from the explosion which created this supernova remnant would have been first seen in planet Earth's sky about 350 years ago, although it took that light about 11,000 years to reach us.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

29 Dec 2017 07:35

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28 Dec 2017 00:02

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17 Dec 2017 17:15

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Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

16 Dec 2017 14:00

🇬🇧 Jupiter Diving

Take this simulated plunge and dive into the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, the Solar System's ruling gas giant. The awesome animation is based on image data from JunoCam, and the microwave radiometer on board the Jupiter-orbiting Juno spacecraft. Your view will start about 3,000 kilometers above the southern Jovian cloud tops, but you can track your progress on the display at the left. As altitude decreases, temperature increases while you dive deeper at the location of Jupiter's famous Great Red Spot. In fact, Juno data indicates the Great Red Spot, the Solar System's largest storm system, penetrates some 300 kilometers into the giant planet's atmosphere. For comparison, the deepest point for planet Earth's oceans is just under 11 kilometers down. Don't panic though, you'll fly back out again.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

16 Dec 2017 14:00

🇧🇷 Mergulhando em Júpiter

O vídeo abaixo mostra a simulação de um mergulho na alta atmosfera de Júpiter, o gigante gasoso do Sistema Solar. Essa animação foi baseada nas imagens e nos dados obtidos pela JunoCam, e pelo radiômetro de micro-ondas a bordo da sonda Juno que está na órbita de Júpiter. A animação começa a cerca de 3000 quilômetros acima do topo das nuvens jovianas, no hemisfério sul do planeta, e no canto esquerdo da tela você pode acompanhar a altitude do sobrevoo. À medida que a altitude diminui, a temperatura aumenta, enquanto você mergulha mais fundo na Grande Mancha Vermelha de Júpiter. De fato, os dados da sonda Juno indicam que a Grande Mancha Vermelha, o maior sistema de tempestade do Sistema Solar, penetra cerca de 300 quilômetros para dentro da atmosfera do gigante gasoso. Só para se ter uma comparação, o ponto mais profundo do oceano da Terra chega a 11 km de profundidade. No vídeo abaixo, você pode acompanhar uma análise das últimas descobertas feitas pela sonda Juno em Júpiter.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

14 Dec 2017 13:44

🇬🇧 Flashing Lights in Jupiter’s Sky

The aurora are shimmering curtains of glowing light that dance across the night sky at the north and south poles. They can be seen on some of the planets in our Solar System, painting the skies in reds, blues, greens and even X-rays. This picture shows X-ray aurora that have been seen for the first time, lighting up Jupiter’s north and south poles.
Until recently, we thought that anything that affects one part of a planet’s magnetic field would affect the magnetic field of the whole planet. It would explain why the aurora at the north and south poles on Earth mirror each other. But Jupiter isn’t playing by these rules — aurora on Jupiter behave differently at each pole.
The aurora at Jupiter’s south pole flash X-rays every 11 minutes or so, like clockwork. While the north pole seems to brighten and dim at random.

Source

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

14 Dec 2017 13:44

🇧🇷 As luzes que dançam no céu de Júpiter

Graças aos campos magnéticos de alguns planetas e às violentas explosões de energia do nosso Sol, existem as “auroras”.
Estas consistem em tremeluzentes véus de luzes mais ou menos brilhantes, que dançam no céu noturno, junto aos pólos norte e sul. Podem ser vistas em alguns dos planetas do sistema solar, onde pintam o céu de vermelho, azul, verde, e até de ‘cores’ que não conseguimos ver, como os raios X. A imagem que acompanha este texto mostra uma dessas auroras em raios X, vistas pela primeira vez a iluminar os pólos de Júpiter.

Até há pouco tempo, pensávamos que qualquer coisa que afetasse parte do campo magnético de um planeta ia afetar todo o campo, por todo o planeta. Isso explicaria a razão das auroras nos pólos norte e sul da Terra serem tão semelhantes. Mas Júpiter não segue estas regras – as auroras por lá são diferentes, de acordo com o pólo em que ocorrem.
A aurora no pólo sul de Júpiter passa pelos raios X de 11 em 11 minutos, como um relógio. A do pólo norte, por sua vez, parece tornar-se mais forte e mais fraca um bocado ao acaso.

Fonte

Cosmos Astronomia® 🔭

13 Dec 2017 09:00

@cosmosastronomia