VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

31 Mar 2023 06:14

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🔴GS1- History

✅History of Vaikom Satyagraha

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

31 Mar 2023 05:36

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✅SARBHAT KHALSA

🅾️Sarbhat Khalsa is a term used in Sikhism that refers to a gathering of the entire Sikh community. The term "Sarbhat" means "entire" or "whole," and "Khalsa" refers to the community of Sikhs who have been initiated into the faith and who follow its tenets.

🅾️Historically, Sarbhat Khalsa was a meeting of the entire Sikh community that was called by the leaders of the Khalsa to discuss important issues related to the faith, such as military strategy, political alliances, and religious doctrine. The first Sarbhat Khalsa was held in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth and final human Guru of the Sikhs.


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

12 Mar 2023 06:27

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✅Is there a need to reimagine the Indus Valley civilization?- Imp points from this article - note all the points given wrt Harappan(Indus valley civilization-IVC) culture- A VERY FASCINATING READ!

Also read :

🅾️Stupas of Kahu jo daro- Click here

🅾️Presence of Horse in Harappan times- CLick here

🅾️How is Indus valley civilization similar or different to other civilizations- Click here

🅾️Indus valley civilization- evidence of domestication of cattle for diary products- Click here

🅾️Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay - Click here

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

23 Feb 2023 03:12

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✅Keeladi

🅾️An Urban Settlement of Sangam Age on the Banks of River Vaigai- Click here

🔶Also read about Thamirabarani civilisation

🔶Nayakas of Keladi- Click here

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

17 Feb 2023 05:22

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture

🔴GS1- Art and culture
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✅Lavani folk art form

🅾️Context : controversy surrounding the Maharashtra folk dance form, Lavani, which has come under criticism for being ‘vulgar’ and ‘obscene’.

🔰DETAILS :

⚜️It is indigenous art form and the word Lavani comes from ‘lavanya’ or beauty.-women dancers wearing nine-yard-long sarees in bright colours-attained particular popularity in the Peshwa era in the 18th century.

⚜️Genre : Shringarik (erotic) kind-sensuous dance steps and delicate gestures employed to convey erotic meaning

⚠️Issue : The criticism of Lavani dance centres on the traditional dance form’s alleged objectification and commodification of women’s bodies-accused of promoting obscenity and vulgarity

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

29 Jan 2023 04:56

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✅Shiva temple in west Bengal- Jatar Deul

🅾️What to focus on?

🎖1. Location

🎖2. What are Deuls? ( Read from your NCERT fine arts XI- Regional temples)- Deula is an architectural element in a Hindu temple in the Kalinga architecture style of the Odishan temples in Eastern India. Sometimes the whole temple is also referred to as Deula

⚠️3. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ARCHITECTURE

⚜️Cyclone amphan- Click here

✅Other Shiva temples in India- - Click here

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

11 Jan 2023 03:24

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture #Personalities
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✅Fatima Sheikh

🅾️Who?- an Indian educator and social reformer, who was a colleague of the social reformers Jyotirao Phule and Savitribai Phule-India’s first Muslim woman teacher.

🅾️In 1848, Sheikh and Savitribai Phule, both enrolled at a teacher training institution run by Cynthia Farrar, an American missionary. They both completed training there and got a chance to work with Jyotirao Phule.

🅾️Worked for marginalized communities in India- deeply committed to the education and empowerment of women.

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

08 Jan 2023 04:24

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✅Sagol Kangjei - Manipur


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

31 Dec 2022 04:11

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-culture/maharashtra-proposes-renaming-ahmednagar-ahilyabai-holkar-8350423/

VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

24 Dec 2022 04:42

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✅Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (AMASR) Act of 1958

🅾️ Section 20 of the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains (AMASR) Act of 1958, last amended in 2010, prohibits construction within a 100 metre radius of all Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)-protected monuments and regulates activities within another 300 metre radius.

🅾️The new Bill proposes to revise this section.

➡️Why?- Altering land around ASI-protected monuments into industrial, commercial, or even residential plots will thus deprive human and animal communities of much-needed commons->risks weakening the foundations of centuries-old structures.


🔰Also other news articles regarding ASI:

1. CAG report - heritage conservation- Click here

2. Ancient Monument Protection Act (ASI) rules,Martand Sun Temple- Click here

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

01 Dec 2022 05:52

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✅Historical importance of the city of patna?- Pataliputra adjacent to modern-day Patna, was a city in ancient India, originally built by Magadha ruler Ajatashatru in 490 BCE as a small fort (Pāṭaligrāma) near the Ganges river.

🅾️Chandragupta Maurya made it his capital in the 4th century B.C. Thereafter the city lost its importance until Sherkhan Suri rose into power in the early 16th century A.D. Another version that comes to focus is that there existed a village named Pattan or Patthan, which later turned into Patna.

📍Also read : Nalanda inscription- Click here

⚠️One can expect a comparative question between pataliputra, delhi and kannauj- why were these places chosen as centres for capitals in ancient India?

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

26 Nov 2022 12:03

#Environment

✅Arittapatti: Tamil Nadu’s first biodiversity heritage site


🅾️Location : Arittapatti is in Melur block, Madurai district, TN

🅾️Why?- Rich in biodiversity-houses around 250 species of birds including three important raptors -birds of prey, namely the Laggar Falcon, the Shaheen Falcon and Bonelli’s Eagle.It is also home to wildlife such as the Indian Pangolin, Slender Loris and pythons.

🅾️Speciality of the area- The biodiversity-rich area is surrounded by a chain of seven hillocks or inselbergs that serve as a watershed, charging 72 lakes, 200 natural springs and three check dams.The Anaikondan tank, built during the reign of Pandiyan kings in the 16th century is one among them

🅾️How are the sites declared?- BHS are declared as per provision under Section 37(1) of Biological Diversity Act, 2002.

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

18 Nov 2022 07:33

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✅The pandyan kingdom link to kashi- tenkasi/sivakasi-Imperial Pandyas (13th–14th centuries)

🅾️The Pandya kings from Sadaavarman Parakrama Pandya to his successors who ruled with Tenkasi as their capital. With the invasion of the Sultanates, Vijayanagaras, and Nayakars from the fourteenth century onwards, the Pandyas lost their traditional capital of Madurai and shifted to cities like Tenkasi and Tirunelveli.

🅾️Tenkasi was the last capital of the Pandyas. All the Pandyas from Sadaavarman Parakrama Pandya and his next generations were crowned in the Adheenam Mutt in Kasi Viswanathar temple. During the same period, some Pandyas ruled with Tirunelveli as their capital. Kayatharu, Vadakkuvalliyur, and Ukkirankottai are some of their major cities.

📍Also read -Mamallapuram and its connection to china-Bodhidharma

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

14 Nov 2022 05:58

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture

🔴GS1- World History

🅾️Armistice Day, also known as Veterans Day is commemorated every year on 11 November to mark the armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany

👆Just be aware of this fact- no need to get into the details- Reason for posting- Notice the picture- We have Indians in the ceremony-

🔰Q) The contribution and sacrifice made by India during the First World War was vital to Allied success. Comment.

🅾️ As many as 74k Indians have sacrificed their lives by the time the war ended in November 1918. More than 1.1 million Indian personnel fought

Indians won more than 9,200 decorations for bravery, including 11 Victoria Crosses – the highest military award for bravery.

🅾️In WW II : With 2.5 million men, the Indian Army of the Second World War was the largest volunteer army in history.


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

14 Nov 2022 05:43

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✅Kempegowda- Founder of Bengaluru- Vijayanagara chieftan


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

31 Mar 2023 05:58

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✅HISTORY OF SISUPALGARH

🅾️CONTEXT : How this ancient city is being ignored in modern day's developmental agenda

⚠️Location and other details?

⚜️Sisupalgarh is an ancient fortified city located on the outskirts of Bhubaneswar, the capital city of the eastern Indian state of Odisha. The city dates back to the Mauryan period and is believed to have been inhabited continuously until the 4th century CE.

⚜️Sisupalgarh was first discovered in the 1940s by B.B. Lal, an archaeologist who was then working for the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Subsequent excavations have revealed that the city was an important center of trade and commerce, as well as a center of political and cultural activity.

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

17 Mar 2023 05:17

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture

🔴GS1- world History- Colonization

✅What do you mean by Colonization?The establishment, exploitation, upkeep, acquisition, and extension of colonies in one territory by people from another territory is referred to as Colonization.

⚠️Why is understanding the colonial history still relevant?

➡️However we still have to get rid of the colonial mentality- for example- Click here

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

11 Mar 2023 04:38

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
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✅Indo persian historical links- Hyderabad- Indo Iranian history

🅾️The earliest evidence of interaction between the Indo-Iranians and the people of the Indian subcontinent comes from the Rigveda, an ancient Indian text that was composed between 1500 BCE and 1200 BCE

🅾️In Iran, the Indo-Iranians also established numerous kingdoms and empires, including the Achaemenid Empire, the Parthian Empire, and the Sassanian Empire. The Persians, who are one of the most well-known Iranian peoples, were part of the Achaemenid Empire and played a significant role in shaping the culture and history of Iran.

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

19 Feb 2023 05:37

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🔴GS1- Art and culture
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✅Ancient port cities-this is an important theme for UPSC Prelims- often questions are asked on their history- some important ancient ports are :

➡️Muziris Port. Poompuhar Port. ... Arikamedu Port. ... Bharuch Port. ... Calicut Port. ...
Tuticorin Port, kollam, kalyan baruch, chaul etc- always keep a tab on any news items related to these areas

🅾️Contemporary events- Deep water port- Vizhinjam

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

31 Jan 2023 04:46

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture

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✅AMRIT UDYAN- Mughal Gardens renamed- History

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

23 Jan 2023 05:38

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture

🔴GS1- Art and culture
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✅Ahom charaideo Maidams- World heritage sites

🔶THINGS TO KNOW about cultural history of Assam ( in news) :

⚜️1. What are Buranjis?- Click here

⚜️2. Battle of Saraighat-Lachit Borphukan

⚜️3. Jerenga Pothar- Click here

⚜️4. Jaapi- Assam's culture

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

09 Jan 2023 04:27

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
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✅World’s first Palm-leaf Manuscript Museum in Kerala( Thiruvananthapuram)

🅾️Details : contains 187 manuscripts and other artefacts related to the former Travancore kingdom from 650 AD until the end of the 19th century.

🅾️The museum is particularly notable for its manuscripts, which are written on cured and treated palm leaves and contain primary source material on a variety of topics

🅾️One of the most famous manuscripts is the account of the Battle of Colachel, in which Travancore’s Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma defeated the Dutch East India Company in 1741. This battle put a halt to Dutch expansion in India and cemented Travancore’s place as a major power in the region

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

03 Jan 2023 04:54

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
🔴GS1- Art and culture
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✅Shikharji

🅾️What?- Sammed or Sammet Shikharji, is a pilgrimage site in Giridih district, Jharkhand, India. It is located on Parasnath hill, the highest mountain in the state of Jharkhand.

🅾️ Imp for both Digambara and Śvētāmbara sects- 20 out of the 24 Jain tirthankaras attained Moksha here.

🅾️Shikharji along with Ashtapad, Girnar, Dilwara Temples of Mount Abu and Shatrunjaya are known as Śvētāmbara Pancha Tirth (five principal pilgrimage shrines).

🅾️ Sources : Kalpa Sūtra and Kalakacaryakatha has an image of a scene of Parshavanatha's nirvana at Shikharji.

⚜️Emperor Akbar(1583) granted Jain community the management of the hill and to animal slaughter -The current structure of temples at Shikharji was re-built by Jagat Seth in 1768 CE.


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

25 Dec 2022 04:56

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
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✅Sacred Heart church

⚠️Imp prelims pointers- or you can also use these highlighted points in Art and Architecture- Modern Architecture- as an example or use the info in option elimination( if ever you feel stuck)- Focus on the timeline of lord Willingdon as viceroy.


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

15 Dec 2022 03:31

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
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✅Significance of Indian folklore- Article is based on success of kantara



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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

28 Nov 2022 08:05

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture
🔴GS1- Art and culture
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✅Market Reforms of Alauddin Khilji

🅾️Purpose : To maintain a large and efficient army for keeping the Mongols in check.

🅾️Methods : Zawabit-i.e. Price control mechanism- for food grains to horses, cattle and slaves, which were fixed by the state, Cultivators were not allowed to hoard- Karwanis or Banjaras carriers formed a guild where they became guarantors for each other- Four separate markets were established for various commodities- under the charge of a Shuhna or controller of market

🅾️Other measures- Very strict punishment was prescribed for cheating and under-weighing. Shehna-i-mandi was appointed to keep a strict vigil, subsidized items were sold on a permit issued by the permit officer (Parwana Rais)

⚠️Final result- Though successful initially, these measures failed later because they operated against economic laws of supply and demand.

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

25 Nov 2022 06:53

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✅Nyingma Sect- 'reincarnation’ of Rinpoche

🅾️Context : Nyingma (literally ‘old school’) is the oldest of the four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism.- 8th century-Nyingma sect has identified a boy from Spiti in Himachal Pradesh as the reincarnation of the late Taklung Setrung Rinpoche, a scholar known for his knowledge of Tibetan Tantric school.

🅾️Rinpoche=honorific term used in the Tibetan language-literally means “precious one”, and may refer to a person, place, or thing

🅾️The word is used in the context of Tibetan Buddhism as a way of showing respect when addressing those recognized as reincarnated, older, respected or an accomplished Lamas or teachers of the Dharma. It is also used as an honorific for abbots of Buddhist monasteries

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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

17 Nov 2022 14:31

#GS1-#Art_and_Culture #temples
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✅Handicrafts gifted by PM Modi to various head of the states


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

14 Nov 2022 05:44

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✅Post independent Indian history- Rajeev Gandhi assasination- reason behind it-the history of LTTE


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VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History

14 Nov 2022 05:41

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✅Shivaji killing of Afzal guru


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