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UPSC History newspaper articles and notesAll the work done is in tandem with fair use policy of IPR laws- In case of an issue- contact. Admin: @vikas_kanukollu.( 9pm-10 pm) News analysis : @hinduhighlights Admin : @vikas_kanukollu

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✅ Pal Dadhaw massacre

⚜️Where and when?- Gujarat’s sabarkantha district in 1922

⚜️Leadership : banks of Heir river for the ‘Eki movement’ under the leadership of Motilal tejawat, to protest
against the land revenue system imposed by the British and the feudal lords.

⚜️Tragedy : British army -Under direction of Major H.G. Saturn , fired on the tribals -2 wells - Dhekhadiya and Dudhiya were overflowing with 1200 bodies!!!
⚠️We all know about the J
allianwala Bagh massacre (‼️ Udham Singh?- click here )but there are some equally brutal events not covered in our textbooks this is one amongst them - others include :

➡️1. Peshawar’s Qissa Khwani Bazaar massacre-
Click here

➡️2. Tarapur Massacre of Bihar- 1932- Click here

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✅Bhagat Singh: An Unsung Hero of Political Journalism


⚜️He worked under the editorship of Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi-a Gandhian political activist-
Click here) and here

⚜️The papers and journals he worked for-Kirti, Pratap, Maharathi, Vir Arjun, Matwala, Prabha, Akali, Chand, Bande Mataram,

⚜️The most common pseudonyms that he used : Vidrohi’, ‘B.S. Sindhu’ and ‘Balwant Singh’ (he had to remain underground)

⚜️One of his best work - ‘Introduction to the Heroes of Kakori’ in Kirti newspaper and ‘Azadi Ki Bheint Shahaadatein (Sacrifices for Freedom)’, published in Kirti in 1927.

⚜️Most famous political works: Why I am an Atheist, Letter to Young Political Workers, and Jail Notebook

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✅Some confusing terms - Yet important

1. Bargis- maratha warriors-
/channel/historyhighlights/297

2. Bakhars- Bakhar is a form of historical narrative written in Marathi prose. Bakhars are one of the earliest genres of medieval Marathi literature. More than 200 bakhars were written in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, the most important of them chronicling the deeds of the Maratha ruler Shivaji.

3. bairagi saints -
/channel/historyhighlights/508

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⚠️Attention : ONE MORE FAQ- Why should I Subscribe to the test series when there are so many tests? : What do I mean by Contemporary themes? - Click here

👆You may or may not subscribe- That is your prerogative - I shall make no claims that THIS IS THE BEST

🅾️But let me help you understand why this can save your time

✅Claim : regenerative agriculture is important -
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🅾️Why?
⚜️From PYQ perspective - from 2010,2012, 14,16,17,19 and 2020- Conservation of soil, water are asked- various state governments are supporting the idea-

⚜️My deliverable?

1. Make questions in a way to reinforce both concepts and memory within the scope of UPSC question paper's design

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✅As requested by many- I will be conducting two mock tests which will cover the most important contemporary themes- you can attempt and revise these themes till last minute - Will also provide additional info which can be relevant for prelims under solutions

👆This product will cover those aspects which are not usually asked in newspapers- Especially IR, UN websites- latest initiatives and unconventional static question concepts- while remaining close to UPSC's style of questions.

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✅Thank you so much Sir for the unconditional support you have extended till now :) Means a lot coming from an IPS officer and a mentor for 1000s

🔰I am not someone who takes compliments gracefully- So i avoid posting appreciative feedback😅 But when we get unprecedented support like this, it should be acknowledged publicly, because It gives hope.

🔰Life has not been easy - A decade ago- when I wanted to be a writer- ( If you are interested you can read one of my short story -
click here😁 ) there were many naysayers- over this 10 years there were multiple failures, mistakes, heartbreaks- Life felt cruel - today- the same writing gave me this hope- So if this can help anyone reading this.... THERE IS HOPE, if we can make the stones hurled at us into milestones- To Every single soul who found value in my work and inspired me to push myself, A BIG THANK YOU- This is a new beginning🙏

🔰Will strive to maintain this work ethic and will continue to learn from my mistakes 🙂

Gratitude forever
VK

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✅Sri Kanaka Dasa

🅾️Who is he?- philosopher, poet, and musician of karnataka-was a Haridasa saint popularly called Daasashreshta Kanakadasa

🅾️Why famous?- For his ugabhoga ( Carnatic music compositions in the Kannada language- Most famous work Mohanatarangini).

🅾️DOB significance- Born as Thimmappa Nayaka on 3rd December 1509-his birth anniversary is celebrated as Kanakadasa Jayanti - Kanaka Dasa had a connection with Udupi as he was the disciple of Vyasatirtha ( the patron saint of the Vijayanagara Empire-a poet belonging to the Madhwacharya's Dvaita order of Vedanta. He served as a spiritual adviser to Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya at Chandragiri though his most notable association was with the Tuluva king Krishna Deva Raya.

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✅Mughals contribution- yogavasishta- question asked in UPSC prelims 2022

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✅HISTORY OF SISUPALGARH

🅾️CONTEXT : How this ancient city is being ignored in modern day's developmental agenda

⚠️Location and other details?

⚜️Sisupalgarh is an ancient fortified city located on the outskirts of Bhubaneswar, the capital city of the eastern Indian state of Odisha. The city dates back to the Mauryan period and is believed to have been inhabited continuously until the 4th century CE.

⚜️Sisupalgarh was first discovered in the 1940s by B.B. Lal, an archaeologist who was then working for the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Subsequent excavations have revealed that the city was an important center of trade and commerce, as well as a center of political and cultural activity.

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🔴GS1- world History- Colonization

✅What do you mean by Colonization?The establishment, exploitation, upkeep, acquisition, and extension of colonies in one territory by people from another territory is referred to as Colonization.

⚠️Why is understanding the colonial history still relevant?

➡️However we still have to get rid of the colonial mentality- for example-
Click here

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✅Indo persian historical links- Hyderabad- Indo Iranian history

🅾️The earliest evidence of interaction between the Indo-Iranians and the people of the Indian subcontinent comes from the Rigveda, an ancient Indian text that was composed between 1500 BCE and 1200 BCE

🅾️In Iran, the Indo-Iranians also established numerous kingdoms and empires, including the Achaemenid Empire, the Parthian Empire, and the Sassanian Empire. The Persians, who are one of the most well-known Iranian peoples, were part of the Achaemenid Empire and played a significant role in shaping the culture and history of Iran.

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✅Ancient port cities-this is an important theme for UPSC Prelims- often questions are asked on their history- some important ancient ports are :

➡️Muziris Port. Poompuhar Port. ... Arikamedu Port. ... Bharuch Port. ... Calicut Port. ...
Tuticorin Port, kollam, kalyan baruch, chaul etc- always keep a tab on any news items related to these areas

🅾️Contemporary events- Deep water port-
Vizhinjam

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✅AMRIT UDYAN- Mughal Gardens renamed- History

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✅Ahom charaideo Maidams- World heritage sites

🔶THINGS TO KNOW about cultural history of Assam ( in news) :

⚜️1. What are Buranjis?-
Click here

⚜️2. Battle of Saraighat-Lachit Borphukan

⚜️3. Jerenga Pothar- Click here

⚜️4. Jaapi- Assam's culture

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✅World’s first Palm-leaf Manuscript Museum in Kerala( Thiruvananthapuram)

🅾️Details : contains 187 manuscripts and other artefacts related to the former Travancore kingdom from 650 AD until the end of the 19th century.

🅾️The museum is particularly notable for its manuscripts, which are written on cured and treated palm leaves and contain primary source material on a variety of topics

🅾️One of the most famous manuscripts is the account of the Battle of Colachel, in which Travancore’s Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma defeated the Dutch East India Company in 1741. This battle put a halt to Dutch expansion in India and cemented Travancore’s place as a major power in the region

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✅Gorkha Contributions To The Independence Movement- context- ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav" ( Excerpts from swarajya article- copied verbatim)

⚜️1. Indian National Army Captain Ram Singh Thakuri who joined joined the Indian National Army (INA) - he was a soldier of British india battalion that was shipped overseas to Singapore during WW 2- He was a musician- produced some of the most well-known songs from India’s freedom movements, like Kadam Kadam Badhaye Ja, Sare Jahan se Accha, Inquilab Zindabad, Hind Sipahi, the Rani of Jhansi Regiment marching song Hum Bharat ki Ladki Hai, among others.

⚜️2. Captain Lakshmi Sahgal who introduced Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore’s Jana Gana Mana to Netaji,

⚜️3. Captain Abid Ali and Mumtaz Hussain rewrote Gurudev’s Jana Gana Mana to— Subh Sukh Chain ki Barsha Barse, Captain Ram Singh Thakuri gave music to it - adopted by the Provisional Free Government of India (Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind), led by Netaji, as the Qaumi Tarana — National Anthem.

⚜️4. Subh Sukh Chain was played as the national anthem of free India for the first time on 11 September 1942 at Hamburg. Music of Captain Thakuri’s Qaumi Tarana became the base upon which our current national anthem Jana Gana Mana is set. Captain Thakuri was especially invited to play the Qaumi Tarana when Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru unfurled the Tiranga (the tricolour flag of India) from Lal Quila on 15 August 1947

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✅Important terms from Mauryan times

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✅Some important sanskrit literary works of kalidasa which are not so commonly known.

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✅Unexplored areas by UPSC and the reason for the same :)

1. Kashmir -
/channel/historyhighlights/650

2. Nepal-
/channel/historyhighlights/99

3. Assam-
/channel/historyhighlights/709

4. kerala/Travancore


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👆On what basis are the questions framed?

🅾️1. PYQ themes- emphasis on strong conceptual clarity

🅾️2. Extrapolation of those themes with the help of contemporary
/current issues posted on @hinduhighlights and @upschighlights

➡️Caution : Use the elimination techniques only on questions which are completely out of the blue - not on themes which already appeared in previous years+ static

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🔶3.5 years ago, i started something with a motto- Dream big, start small- ACT NOW! Little did i realise that consistency can bring me close to so many people .. and touch so many lives..... 4 years... here is something that that i am unveiling to the world——

UPSC HIGHLIGHTS IS NOW

VK IAS 🙂

Need your support for this new beginning....

Welcome to the world of Vikas Kanukollu (VK) 🙂


COMING SOON- Prelims MOCK EXAM !

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✅Uttaramerur

🅾️It is known for its historic temples built during Pallava and Chola rule lies in present-day Kanchipuram district.The famous inscription from Parantaka I’s reign is found on the walls of the Vaikunda Perumal Temple.The inscription gives details of the functioning of the local sabha, i.e. the village assembly.A sabhawas an assembly exclusively of brahmans and had specialised committees tasked with different things.


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✅History of Vaikom Satyagraha

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✅SARBHAT KHALSA

🅾️Sarbhat Khalsa is a term used in Sikhism that refers to a gathering of the entire Sikh community. The term "Sarbhat" means "entire" or "whole," and "Khalsa" refers to the community of Sikhs who have been initiated into the faith and who follow its tenets.

🅾️Historically, Sarbhat Khalsa was a meeting of the entire Sikh community that was called by the leaders of the Khalsa to discuss important issues related to the faith, such as military strategy, political alliances, and religious doctrine. The first Sarbhat Khalsa was held in 1699 by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth and final human Guru of the Sikhs.


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✅Is there a need to reimagine the Indus Valley civilization?- Imp points from this article - note all the points given wrt Harappan(Indus valley civilization-IVC) culture- A VERY FASCINATING READ!

Also read :

🅾️Stupas of Kahu jo daro-
Click here

🅾️Presence of Horse in Harappan times- CLick here

🅾️How is Indus valley civilization similar or different to other civilizations- Click here

🅾️Indus valley civilization- evidence of domestication of cattle for diary products- Click here

🅾️Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay - Click here

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✅Keeladi

🅾️An Urban Settlement of Sangam Age on the Banks of River Vaigai-
Click here

🔶Also read about Thamirabarani civilisation

🔶Nayakas of Keladi- Click here

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✅Lavani folk art form

🅾️Context : controversy surrounding the Maharashtra folk dance form, Lavani, which has come under criticism for being ‘vulgar’ and ‘obscene’.

🔰DETAILS :

⚜️It is indigenous art form and the word Lavani comes from ‘lavanya’ or beauty.-women dancers wearing nine-yard-long sarees in bright colours-attained particular popularity in the Peshwa era in the 18th century.

⚜️Genre : Shringarik (erotic) kind-sensuous dance steps and delicate gestures employed to convey erotic meaning

⚠️Issue : The criticism of Lavani dance centres on the traditional dance form’s alleged objectification and commodification of women’s bodies-accused of promoting obscenity and vulgarity

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✅Shiva temple in west Bengal- Jatar Deul

🅾️What to focus on?

🎖1. Location

🎖2. What are Deuls? ( Read from your NCERT fine arts XI- Regional temples)- Deula is an architectural element in a Hindu temple in the Kalinga architecture style of the Odishan temples in Eastern India. Sometimes the whole temple is also referred to as Deula

⚠️3. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ARCHITECTURE

⚜️Cyclone amphan-
Click here

✅Other Shiva temples in India- - Click here

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✅Fatima Sheikh

🅾️Who?- an Indian educator and social reformer, who was a colleague of the social reformers Jyotirao Phule and Savitribai Phule-India’s first Muslim woman teacher.

🅾️In 1848, Sheikh and Savitribai Phule, both enrolled at a teacher training institution run by Cynthia Farrar, an American missionary. They both completed training there and got a chance to work with Jyotirao Phule.

🅾️Worked for marginalized communities in India- deeply committed to the education and empowerment of women.

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✅Sagol Kangjei - Manipur


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