-
#SnT
✅ Dimethyl Ether fuelled tractors
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✅What is Goldene?
🅾️ It is a single-atom-thick sheet of gold, making it the world's thinnest gold leaf.
👉🏻Read about graphene here- Click here
🅾️Scientists have been trying to make 2D sheets of metals like this for a long time
🅾️Sensing different chemicals and substances-Catalysis - speeding up chemical reactions (like splitting water for clean energy).
⚠️Why is it significant?- Gold at this thinness has completely new properties, unlike the gold we usually think of.Bulk gold is 3D, with atoms arranged in all directions. Goldene is 2D, where atoms are confined to a single flat sheet. This fundamental difference in structure can dramatically alter its electrical, optical, and chemical behavior-can lead to new electronic properties, potentially making goldene more efficient at conducting electricity or interacting with light in specific ways.
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#Environment #SnT
✅Bees that do not sting
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#Polity
✅Extra Neutral Alcohol
🅾️Primary ingredient for alcoholic beverages (whiskey, vodka, etc.)
🅾️It is derived from different sources — sugarcane molasses and grains — and is used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as whisky, vodka, gin, cane, liqueurs, and alcoholic fruit beverages.
🅾️Colorless, food-grade alcohol with neutral taste and smell=Also used in cosmetics, personal care products, and some industrial applications.
🅾️ENA is a byproduct of sugarcane processing, similar to ethanol- Issue is Diversion of ethanol (a byproduct of the sugar industry, like ENA) to biofuel blending.
✅Think of it like this:
⚜️Sugarcane Molasses: The raw material.
⚜️Ethanol: The first level of refinement-95%
⚜️ENA: Ethanol further refined to a higher purity to meet specific requirements-96%pure and above.
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✅Please join this official channel of VK IAS
/channel/VKIAS_com
https://youtu.be/btrKPOXSg3k
A lot of research went into understanding the actual problem for prelims - Irrespective of where and how you are preparing for this exam- this is relevant for all UPSC Aspirants. Please do watch this- without fail and also without getting distracted. I request you not to watch it casually - Take time to let it sink and contemplate so that you can understand your problems before taking a decision .
- Yours VK.
✅Registration link for prelims mentorship program - https://courses.vkias.com/course/AnirveshPrelimsMentorshipprogram-2024-62126
✅Gs-2 : Health- Blood disorders- sickle cell anaemia
🅾️Context : CRISPR-Cas9 Therapy for Sickle Cell & Thalassemia
🅾️Global Prevalence
⚜️Sickle cell disease range: 90 to 1,342 per 100,000.
⚜️High burden in African and Indian populations.Parental gene combinations determine child's risk-25% chance child with two carrier parents will have the disease.
🅾️Read about the Blood disorders : Click here
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
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✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- Space communication
📍Context : Psyche Spacecraft Experiment: NASA's spacecraft successfully tested a laser signal to Earth over 16 million km.
➡️Now Use this article as a chance to understand the basics of Electromagnetic spectrum- underlined in Red- Click here
➡️Data Transmission in Space:
⚜️Current Method: Mostly via radio waves with longer wavelengths and lower frequencies.
⚜️Challenge: Radio waves are susceptible to interference and offer limited data bandwidth.
⚠️Significance : Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC)-Uses near-infrared laser signals for higher bandwidth communication.
🅾️Advantage: At least 10 times more data transfer than current radio systems; less interference.
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
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✅GS-2: social issues- Health
🎖National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) is being implemented under the National Health Mission (NHM).
⚠️Cancer- CAR-T cell therapy
Also read :
🅾️Status of cancer incidence in India and the government Initiatives- click here
📍Some important news issues wrt cancer
🅾️Carboplatin- Click here
🅾️ Biotechnology- PACs for cancer treatment - Click here
⚜️In 2017- Yescarta therapy was in news- Understanding it can be helpful in solving Biotechnology questions in prelims- click here
🅾️Cancer Gene map- Click here
🔰Science and Tech news : /channel/sciencehighlights
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#SnT
✅White Phosphorus:
⚜️Used in military operations, creating smoke screens and incendiary devices.
⚜️Environmental dangers associated with its use.
⚜️Concerns over causing severe burns and suffering.
⚜️Restrictions under the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW).Not covered by the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) when used as an incendiary weapon, not for chemical warfare. White phosphorus, although a chemical agent and toxic, is not covered by the CWC
➡️Incendiary Weapons:
🅾️Protocol III under CCW defines incendiary weapons.
🅾️White phosphorus munitions are primarily for illuminating and smokescreen effects.
🅾️Not effectively regulated by Protocol III.
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#SnT
✅GS3- Science and Technology- Significance of FRB
🅾️Also read Gamma Ray Burst?- Click here
🅾️Fast Radio Burst - Click here
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/channel/sahithya_aladakatti
One of the subscriber has sent me this audio clip from a previous ranker . Ms. Sahitya IAS has actually summed up how to use the channel.
Never met her... or had any interaction. But glad that the work done has benefitted people. Thank you Ms. Sahitya IAS for sharing your thoughts - 🙂 Like I said in the past, this is meant for everyone , and now aims to be a repository for future generations. All it takes is your willingness to unmute and use it🙂
#SnT
✅India's 1st 3D printed post office
🅾️Where?- Bengaluru- model for low cost housing
🅾️What is 3D printing?- 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a transformative technology that allows the creation of three-dimensional objects from a digital file.
🔰Also - By minimizing waste and enabling the use of sustainable materials, 3D printing contributes to environmental sustainability.It has the potential to revolutionize manufacturing by reducing costs, increasing efficiency, and enabling localized production.
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#GovtScheme #Polity
✅India's Initiatives to Combat TB
⚜️National Strategic Plan (NSP) for Tuberculosis Elimination (2017-2025): A roadmap for TB elimination.
⚜️The Nikshay Ecosystem: National TB information system for monitoring and management.
⚜️Nikshay Poshan Yojana (NPY): Launched in 2018, provides Rs 500 per month as Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) for nutritional needs of TB patients.
⚜️TB Harega Desh Jeetega Campaign: A nationwide awareness campaign.
⚜️Development of Vaccines: Two vaccines, VPM 1002 and MIP (Mycobacterium Indicus Pranii
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#SnT
✅Lunar exploration Missions
🅾️Chronology till now- Click here
📍HAKUTO Lunar exploration Mission -Japan’s ispace Launches World’s First Commercial Moon Lander- CLick here
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✅Ethylene Oxide
🅾️Ethylene oxide- Pollutant
⚜️Pollutants are one major theme
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#SnT
✅Semiconductors manufacturing Technology
🅾️What is a semiconductor chip? How is it manufactured?
⚜️A semiconductor has properties between a conductor (which conducts electricity) and an insulator (which does not). In its purest form a semiconductor is a very weak conductor of electricity.
⚜️However, its electrical properties can be changed by adding small amounts of certain substances called ‘dopants’. By taking a pure semiconductor and carefully injecting certain parts with specific dopants, complex circuits can be ‘printed’ on the semiconductor.
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#Environment #SnT
✅Humans spread virus to animals
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What next for VK IAS? - crisis as an opportunity and the journey behind VK IAS.
https://youtu.be/rjnfmlBa3Y0
Please join whatsapp channels for official communications regarding future plan of action : issue is being handled as of now
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va9eMCF3gvWjWIsiTa2V
✅The prelims season is coming.
✅What skills are needed to clear the prelims exam ?
🔥A video to decode prelims exam into a step-by-step actionable agenda is coming up tomorrow. This will also explain how VK IAS's upcoming prelims mentorship program will address the needs of student( Not just a test series with 1000s of questions 🙂)
✅Even if you don't decide to take the mentorship program ( with CA classes and Test series) - feel free to use this video to plan your prelims preparation and reduce uncertainty.
⭐️ Along with this - High yielding IE Explained series of videos are also planned for YouTube. Good luck 🙂
Subscribe to VK IAS's channel :
Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-3 : Science and technology- Space communication
📍Context : Psyche Spacecraft Experiment: NASA's spacecraft successfully tested a laser signal to Earth over 16 million km.
➡️Now Use this article as a chance to understand the basics of Electromagnetic spectrum- underlined in Red- Click here
➡️Data Transmission in Space:
⚜️Current Method: Mostly via radio waves with longer wavelengths and lower frequencies.
⚜️Challenge: Radio waves are susceptible to interference and offer limited data bandwidth.
⚠️Significance : Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC)-Uses near-infrared laser signals for higher bandwidth communication.
🅾️Advantage: At least 10 times more data transfer than current radio systems; less interference.
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
#SnT
✅How does a battery work?
➡️I shall use a small story to explain the basic funda of battery- I hope it helps- Consider a battery as a tiffin box packed with energy treats (electricity) for your gadgets. Inside this tiffin box, there are two different types of snacks (electrodes) - let's say 'aloo' (potato- cathode) for one and 'chana' (chickpeas- anode) for the other. These are not just any snacks, but they're like energy-packed foods that our body (the device) can use to keep active.
The 'special chutney' (electrolyte) in the tiffin keeps these snacks ready to release their energy. When you open the tiffin box (connect the battery to a device like a mobile phone), the 'aloo' and 'chana' mix with the 'chutney' and start a small reaction - think of it like when you eat spicy food and your body starts to feel energetic. This mix releases the energy that then flows into your phone to power it up and keep it going.
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#SnT
✅GS3- Science and Technology- Significance of FRB
🅾️Also read Gamma Ray Burst?- Click here
🅾️Fast Radio Burst - Click here
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#SnT
✅Genetically modified bacteria degrade plastics in saltwater
🅾️What?- Marine bacterium genetically modified to break down polyethene terephthalate (PET) plastic
which contributes to microplastic pollution in the oceans
🅾️Which organism?- Vibrio natriegens bacterium reproduces quickly and thrives in saltwater-Enzymes from another bacterium, Ideonella sakaiensis, were incorporated into Vibrio natriegens to break down PET Vibrio natriegens produced enzymes on the surface of its cells to break down PET in saltwater at room temperature
⚠️Three significant hurdles remain: incorporating the DNA into Vibrio natriegens genome, modifying it to feed on byproducts and produce a desirable end product
🅾️Collaboration with industry groups to determine marketable molecules is possible
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✅Gs-3 : Science and Technology- Achievements/Contribution of Indians in Science & Technology/ Indigenous technology- MS swaminathan
✅Gs-4 : Ethics- Bengal famine as an event- shaped the attitude of MS swaminathan
⚜️Also useful in essay
✅Essay and ethics channel link :https://t.me/joinchat/mrcWyE8pY2UyMDll
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#SnT
✅What is Echolocation?
➡️Possible question- a list of animals using echolocation- and no. of pairs that are correct ( One pair, two pair... etc)
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✅Metagenome sequencing
🅾️What?- pathogen surveillance tool - Metagenomics studies the genetic diversity and functional potential of microbial communities in an environment.
🅾️Use?- Metagenomics has applications in environmental science, bioremediation, understanding the human microbiome, and discovering novel genes and enzymes.
🅾️Metagenomics vs genome sequencing : Metagenomics studies genetic material collected from environmental samples containing a mixture of microorganisms.Genome sequencing determines the complete DNA sequence of an organism's genome.
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✅Gs- 3 : Science and Technology- Superconductivity and its applications
🅾️What is room temperature superconductivity?- Room temperature superconductivity is important because it has the potential to revolutionize electronics and address global energy challenges
🔰How?:
⚜️ Used In Highly efficient electronics
⚜️Ultra high-speed digital interconnects: Next-generation computers
⚜️Low-latency broadband wireless communications
⚜️High-resolution imaging: Biomedical, securityChallenge: Ultralow temperatures, ultrahigh pressures
⚜️ Solution: Room-temperature superconductors
🔰Practical Applications:
⚜️Ultraefficient electricity grids
⚜️Ultrafast, energy-efficient computer chips
⚜️Ultrapowerful magnets: Levitate trains, control fusion reactors
🔰Cost:
⚜️Challenge: High cost of superconductor-based systems
⚜️Solution: Room-temperature superconductors
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✅Gs- 3- Internal security/ cyber security- Akira ransomware
🅾️ What is pegasus?- Click here
🅾️Log4j Vulnerability- CLick here
🅾️ Cybercrimes as a menace in the age of information revolution- Click here
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